新标准大学英语综合教程第七单元readingpractise

Youmusthaveheardthesaying,Youarewhatyoueat.Butdidyouknowthatwhatyouthinkisequallyasimportant?Infact,apositiveoutlookonlifeisoneofthemostimportantthingswecandotokeepourbrainhealthyandreadyforlearning.Howweviewourselves,howweperceivetheworldaroundus,andhowweinteractwithotherscanhaveprofoundeffectsonouroverallwell-beingandonourbrains.Thegoodnewsisthatallofthesearecompletelywithinourcontrol.Nomatterwhatchallengesweface,wecanchoosetostarteachdaybylookingattheglassashalffull,ratherthanhalfempty.Thewayyoulookatyourlifeindeedplaysanimportantroleinyourentirelife.Researchshowsthatolderadultsmaynaturallytuneintothepositiveaspectsoflife.Thiscouldbebecausetheywanttomakethemostoutoftheirremainingyearsandsochoosenottofocusonthenegative.Infact,astudyatStanfordUniversity,whichusedabrainimagingtechnologycalledfunctionalmagneticresonance(磁共振)imaging(FMRI)totrackpatternsofactivityinthebrain,foundthatolderadultsaremoreresponsivetopositiveimagesthantonegativeones.Comparedtoyoungeradults,peopleaged70to90showedgreateractivityintheamygdala(扁桃体)—thebrainregioncentraltoemotionalprocessing—whentheylookedatpicturesofpeopleexpressingpositiveemotionsversusnegativeones.Thisfindingdemonstratessomethingpsychologistsandsociologistshavelongrecognized:aswegetolderwetendtoexperiencefewernegativeemotions,andwearemorelikelytorememberpositiveemotionalstimulant.Inotherwords,olderpeopleoftentuneoutthenegative,whilefocusingonthepositive.1.Accordingtothepassage,weshould________________inordertokeepourbrainhealthy.A.domoreresearchonthefunctionofourbrainB.domorephysicalexercisesC.holdapositiveoutlookonourlifeD.learnmoreandmoreknowledge2.WhichofthefollowingcouldNOTinfluenceouroverallwell-beingandourbrainsaccordingtothepassage?A.Howweperceivetheworldaroundus.B.Howwedoexercises.C.Howweviewourselves.D.Howweinteractwithothers.3.Whatdoesthesentencestarteachdaybylookingattheglassashalffull,ratherthanhalfemptymean?A.Weshouldholdapositiveattitudetowardourlife.B.Weshoulddomoreresearchbeforegivingtheconclusion.C.Weshouldlookintotheessencethroughphenomenon.D.Weshouldnotonlyfocusontheappearance.4.Accordingtotheresearch,________________tendtotakeapositiveviewonlife.A.youthB.middle-agedpersonC.olderadultsD.children5.Whatistheroleofamygdalainourbody?A.Ithelpsusfightagainsttumor.B.Itstimulatesthecirculationofblood.C.Itproducessomedisease-fightingcells.D.Itcontrolstheemotionalprocessing.Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassageordialog.Iwaswalkinghome—downBroadwayat1a.m.AsInearedthecornerofPriceStreet,Isawahomelesswoman.Shewaslookingforsomethinginatrashcan.Nooneshouldhavetolivelikethis,Ithought.Whatkindofworldisthis?WhatcanIdo,though?IthappenedthatIhadanextraBigMac(巨无霸汉堡)atthattimeandsoIsaidtomyself,Hereismychance:Icanbeagoodperson.IhadturnedontoPriceStreetbythattime,passingthewoman,andnowIstoppedtoturnandlookatheragain.Shewasstillthere,andwaspickingupabarelyeatenbagofchips.Iwonderedhowlongithadbeensinceshehaslasteaten.Ibegantowalktowardsher,butstoppedwhenIrealizedIdidn'tknowwhattosay.HowshouldIsay,CanIgiveyouthisfood?HowcouldIkeepitfromsoundinglike,Letmefeedyou,youpoor,starvingsoul.Plus,whataboutthewordsaroundthem?DoIsay,Excuseme,ordoIneedtorespectherandadd,Madam?IknewIwantedtobeagoodperson,butIdidn'tknowhowtobeagoodperson.Iwasafraidofbeingabadone—theonethatmakesothersfeelstupidorlowly.Afterafewmoremomentsofhesitation,IdidofferhertheBigMac.Excuseme,madam,Isaid.Wouldyoulikeasandwich?Shelaughedkindlyandsaid,No,thankyou.andwalkedaway.6.Whatwastheauthor'sfeelingwhenhesawthewoman?A.Theauthorwasangry.B.Theauthorfeltunconcerned.C.Theauthortookpityonher.D.Theauthorwassurprised.7.Whichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheauthoristrue?A.Hethoughtthatthewomanwasquitehungry.B.Hewantedtogivethewomansomemoney.C.Hewonderedwhatthewomanwaslookingfor.D.Hedoubtedwhetherhecouldhelpthewoman.8.WhichofthefollowingisNOTareasonfortheauthortopausebeforeheofferedtohelpthewoman?A.Hefearedthatthewomanmightrefusehisoffer.B.Hedidnotknowhowtoaddressthewoman.C.Heshouldconsiderhowtoavoidhurtingthewoman'sself-respect.D.Hewasuncertainaboutwhattosaytothewoman.9.Thewordthem(Para5)refersto________________.A.homelesswomenB.sandwichesC.thosewordsD.starvingsouls10.Intheendthewomanlaughedand________________.A.felthappytoaccepttheauthor'shelpB.waspleasedtohavesomethingtoeatC.foundtheauthor'swordsfunnyD.refusedtoaccepttheauthor'shelpQuestions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassageordialog.Incriminallaw,parolereferstothereleaseofapersonconvictedofcrimefromimprisonmentbeforetheexpirationofthetermofconfinementonconditionthatapledge(保证)ofgoodconductisgivenbythecriminal.Thewordparoleisalsobroadlyusedtodenotesuchaconditionalreleaseorperiodofliberty.Paroleisusuallygrantedtoaprisonerinrecognitionofpastgoodconduct,bothinprisonandearlier.Asentencedcriminalmaybereleasedonparolebeforethemaximumlimitoftheprisontermhasbeenreached,eitherontheexpirationoftheminimumtermorsomeothershortertermfixedbystatuteonconditionofgoodbehavior.Thereleaseinsuchcaseisnotanabsolutedischarge,suchasthatreceivedasamatterofrightontheexpirationofthefullterm,b