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螺纹连接习题课小结:单个螺栓强度计算横向载荷转矩T轴向载荷倾覆力矩M普通螺栓(紧螺栓连接)预紧力预紧力总拉力强度式强度式配合螺栓(铰制孔螺栓)挤压强度剪切强度FF受力螺栓类型0sKFFfzi01sziiKTFfr0211.3[]4caFdFFZFFZ2211.3[]4caFdmaxmax21ziiMLFL210bbmCFFFFFCCmaxmax21ziiTrFr0min[]ppFdL20[]4Fd剪力例1图示螺栓联接,螺栓个数为3个,螺纹为M12(d1=10.1mm),螺栓材料许用拉应力[]=160MPa,被联接件接合面间的摩擦系数f=0.2,若防滑安全系数Ks=1.2,试计算该联接允许的静载荷F=?FF/2F/2单个螺栓联接的强度计算FF/2F/2解:1)单个螺栓可承受的许用预紧力021134.[]caFd201601019856N52..F2)该联接允许的静载荷F0sFfziKF单个螺栓联接的强度计算i=2故该螺纹联接允许的静载荷为9855N985602329855N12..ssFfziFK3z例2凸缘联轴器用6个普通螺栓联接。传递的扭矩T=1350N·m,f=0.15,许用应力,,求螺栓小径。2.1sK[]=160MPa螺栓材料的FDTD=150mm横向载荷32213501030006150NTFZD解:单个螺栓联接的强度计算预紧力NifFKFs2400015.0130002.10螺栓的强度条件mmFd76.151602400043.143.10143.110dFcaFKfiFs0不滑移条件单个螺栓联接的强度计算pD例3:图示气缸盖用6个普通螺栓联接,已知气缸压力p=2MPa,D=80mm,取试求:1、螺栓小径d1;2、安装时预紧力,2,5.11bmCCFF0F,MPa1602、求总拉力F2NFFFFFF41855.25.112DpFFN16746480264DpZFF22解:1、求工作拉力F3、求螺栓小径4、求螺栓的预紧力0FmmFd58.6160418543.143.121NFCCCFFmbb36271674314185200F变形力1F0N25111674418521FFFFFCCCmbb2FF25.1167425111FF符合密封性要求例4:一横板用两个普通螺栓联在立柱上,已知P=4000N,L=200mm,a=100mm,取摩擦系数f=0.15,防滑系数,试求螺栓小径。2.1KS,MPa300LaP例4解:1、将外力P移至接合面形心2、求螺栓联接处的横向载荷FN200021PFN80002aLPaTFPLaPT1F1F2F2FFF222221aLP4PFFF=8246NNfFKFS6596815.082462.100F3、求螺栓的预紧力FKfFS0不滑移条件:PLaPT1F1F2F2FFFfF0fF0fF0fF0P4、求螺栓小径mmFd08.193006596843.143.101扩展:两个螺栓水平放置PLa扩展:两个螺栓水平放置PLaPTF1F1F2F2ON100008000200021maxFFFFKfFS0NfFKFS8000015.0100002.10mmFd01.213008000043.143.101螺栓竖直布置方案合理PLaPT2F2F1F1F110FKfFS202FKfFS02010FFF0143.1FdFFfF0fF0HLLP例5:图示支座用2个螺钉联接,已知P=800N,H=120mm,L=80mm,取摩擦系数f=0.15,防滑系数试求螺栓小径.,2.1KS,MPa120,3.0CCCmbb例5解:1、将外力P移至接合面形心HLLPPMHPM横向载荷P倾覆力矩2、求工作拉力FHLLPPMFFNLZHPLZMLMLFzii60080212080012max3、按不滑移条件求预紧力0F联接不滑移条件:PKiZfFS0NiZfPKFS32001215.08002.104、求总拉力F2NFCCCFFmbb33806003.0320002FHLLPPMFFM不影响联接的不滑移条件5、求螺栓小径mmFd83.6120338243.143.121150▲160140140hFvF例6教材例题FhFvFMvF▲hFLmaxFaFaFF解:1.螺栓的受力分析轴向力:N367750sinN4800sin0FFh横向力:N308550cosN4800cos0FFh将F∑力分解,并把各分力向螺栓连接几何中心平移,有轴向力、横向力和倾翻力矩作用。倾翻力矩:mmNFFMvh1051070150160hFvFMvF▲hFLmaxF1F1FF解:1.螺栓的受力分析在轴向力的作用下,螺栓的工作拉力:N919N43677ZFFha在倾翻力矩的作用下,上面的螺栓受力大,螺栓最大工作拉力:NLMLFZii1877)140140(214010510702212maxmax上面螺栓的轴向工作载荷:N27961877919maxFFFa20)(PKFCCCZFfShmbm联接不滑移条件:1P2PMvF▲hFLmaxF1F1F轴向载荷影响联接的不滑移条件F解:1.螺栓的受力分析2.0,2.116.0mbbsCCCKf,查表预紧力:N6520N)36778.016.030852.1(41)(10hmbmvsFCCCfFKZF1P2PMvF▲hFLmaxF1F1FF解:1.螺栓的受力分析上面每个螺栓总拉力F2N7079N27962.0N652002FCCCFFmbb2.确定螺栓直径mm6.8mm16037079.143.1421FdaaMP160MP5.1240Ss3.校核螺栓组连接结合面的工作能力保证结合面上端不离缝保证结合面下端不压溃0minpppmaxF1P0F2F力变形1FF1mbmPCCC1mbbPCCC21PKFZfS210PK)PCCCf(ZFSmbm有轴向载荷时联接的不滑移条件:1mbmPCCC作业:5-5用普通螺栓连接,求螺栓小径d1;用配合螺栓连接,求d0。5-10选螺栓性能等级8.8级aMP800B查表5-8MPa640s安全系数s=41604640Ss残余预紧力F1=1.5F作业5-5:300150P150解:1、将外力P移至接合面形心PT2、求螺栓联接处的横向载荷FkN5.281PZPFkN252758203002758300RZ2=PTF1F2F2F受载最大的螺栓所受的横向载荷F9.01kNcos4520212221FFFFFFF由P引起的横向载荷1F由T引起的横向载荷2F0F3、如果用普通螺栓联接,求螺栓的预紧力300150P150FF2F2F1FFKfFS0不滑移条件:kN58.6716.001.92.10fFKFS4、求普通螺栓小径mm20.1667.4266758043.143.101FdR螺栓材料Q215,性能等级8.8,MPa640sS=1.5aMP67.4265.1640Ss•由螺栓材料Q215,性能等级8.8,查表5-8,可知,查表5-10,可知3、如果用配合螺栓联接,求螺栓的d0MPa640s25.1pS5.2SMPa51225.1640][sppSσσaMP2565.2640Ss][420dFmmFd73.62561001.94430ppLdFmin0取Lmin=1.25d0mm75.351225.11001.925.130pFd答:mm73.60d单个螺栓强度计算横向载荷转矩T轴向载荷倾覆力矩M普通螺栓(紧螺栓连接)预紧力预紧力总拉力强度式强度式配合螺栓(铰制孔螺栓)挤压强度剪切强度FF受力螺栓类型0sKFFfzi01sziiKTFfr0211.3[]4caFdFFZFFZ2211.3[]4caFdmaxmax21ziiMLFL210bbmCFFFFFCCmaxmax21ziiTrFr0min[]ppFdL20[]4Fd剪力
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