UPS逆变器数字控制技术的研究

硕士学位论文UPS逆变器数字控制技术的研究RESEARCHONDIGITALCONTROLTECHNOLOGIESOFUPSINVERTER张晶哈尔滨工业大学2011年12月国内图书分类号：TP29学校代码：10213国际图书分类号：621.3密级：公开工学硕士学位论文UPS逆变器数字控制技术的研究硕士研究生：张晶导师：林威教授申请学位：工学硕士学科：控制科学与工程所在单位：深圳研究生院答辩日期：2011年12月授予学位单位：哈尔滨工业大学ClassifiedIndex:TP29U.D.C:621.3ThesisfortheMasterDegreeinEngineeringRESEARCHONTHEDIGITALCONTROLTECHNOLOGIESOFUPSINVERTERCandidate：ZhangJingSupervisor：Prof.LinWeiAcademicDegreeAppliedfor：MasterofEngineeringSpeciality：ControlEngineeringandScienceAffiliation：ShenzhenGraduateSchoolDateofDefence：December,2011Degree-Conferring-Institution：HarbinInstituteofTechnology哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士学位论文I摘要不间断电源UPS作为电力电子技术的一个重要分支，为各种对电源质量要求较高的行业及设备提供了高质量无污染的交流电源，而逆变器作为UPS的重要功率器件，其工作性能的好坏直接决定了UPS电源质量的高低。近年来，数字控制技术水平不断提高，其控制简单、易于修改、抗干扰性强、可靠性高等优点也使得数字化控制成为逆变电源发展的必然趋势。本文以SPWM单相半桥逆变器作为研究对象，主要讨论了应用高速数字信号处理器DSP对逆变系统进行全数字控制的原理和方法，通过采用复合控制算法，即电压电流双环PID控制技术与重复控制技术相结合，实现对UPS逆变器的稳定性、动态响应速度和输出电压谐波分量的有效控制。文章首先介绍了单相半桥逆变器的硬件电路拓扑结构、工作原理及工作过程，并根据其拓扑结构建立了逆变器的连续域数学模型、分析了当今主要应用的控制方法，然后分别对电压电流双环PID控制技术与重复控制技术进行具体分析，并在Matlab的Simulink中进行理论仿真研究。针对逆变器数字控制技术中的采样、计算延时和死区效应，分析其对逆变器数字化控制技术所带来的不良影响，并提出了相应的解决补偿方案。最后，基于前面的理论分析及仿真结果，在以TMS320F2809DSP为主控制芯片的uC/OS-Ⅱ实时操作系统中进行控制代码的编写、调试，并在实际的UPS平台上进行反复的实验测试、参数修改，最终达到预定的性能指标要求。关键词：逆变器；数字控制；电压电流双环；PID控制；重复控制AbstractIIAbstractAsanimportantbranchofpowerelectronicstechnology,UninterruptiblePowerSupplyhasprovidedhigh-qualityandcleanACpowerforavarietyofindustriesandequipmentswhichaskforhigherrequirementsforthepowerquality.InverteristhekeypowercomponentthatdeterminesthestrengthsandweaknessesoftheUPSperf-ormance.Inrecentyears,digitalcontroltechnologydevelopsrapidly,anditissimpleforrealization,easyformodification,highforreliabilityandstrongforanti-interfere-nce.Thankstotheadvantagesabove,digitalcontroltechnologyhasbecometheinevit-bledevelopingtrendfortheUPSinverter.ThispaperintroducestheSPWMsingle-phasehalf-bridgeinverterforthestudyobject,anddiscussesitsprincipleandmethodsofthefulldigitalcontrolapplyingDSPasthecontroller.UsingcomplexcontrolalgorithmwhichcombinestheVoltageandCurrentDual-loopPIDControlandRepetitiveControl,realizestheeffectivecontrolofthestability,theoutputvoltagedynamicresponseandharmoniccomponentsoftheinverteroutputvoltage.Thearticlefirstintroducesthesingle-phasehalf-bridgeinverter’scircuittopolo-gy,workingprincipleandprocess,thenestablishesthemathematicalmodelofthein-verteraccordingtoitstopology,analyzesoftheVoltageandCurrentDual-loopPIDControlandRepetitiveControlmethods,andmakethetheoreticalsimulationandresearchinMatlabSimulinkaccordingtotheanalysisresults.Thenthearticlesumm-arizestheadverseeffectswhichisbroughtbythesampleandcalculationdelayofthedigitalcontrol,aswellasthedeadzoneeffectoftheinverter,andprovidesthecorre-spondingsolutionsandcompensationpackage.Basedontheprevioustheoreticalana-lysisandsimulationresult,thearticleappliesthereal-timeoperationsystemuC/OS-ⅡwhichisbasedontheTMS320F2809DSPandcompletesthecodinganddebugg-ing.Finally,makingrepeatedexperimentaltestsandparametermodificationintheactualUPSplatform,andachievingthedesiredexcellentperformance.Keywords:inverter,digitalcontrol,voltageandcurrentdual-loop,PID,repetitivecontrol哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士学位论文III目录摘要.........................................................................................................................IAbstract.......................................................................................................................II第1章绪论...............................................................................................................11.1不间断电源UPS综述........................................................................................11.1.1UPS的分类及工作过程..............................................................................11.1.2UPS的发展趋势..........................................................................................21.2以DSP为基础的UPS数字化控制应用...........................................................31.3选题的意义和本文的主要工作..........................................................................5第2章UPS逆变器控制方法研究.............................................................................62.1逆变器拓扑结构分析及工作原理......................................................................62.2SPWM控制技术.................................................................................................72.2.1SPWM调制技术原理及特点......................................................................82.2.2SPWM波形的仿真及软件实现..................................................................92.3单相半桥逆变器连续数学模型的建立............................................................112.4逆变器的控制策略...........................................................................................132.5本章小结...........................................................................................................15第3章逆变系统的控制器设计...............................................................................163.1电压电流双环PID控制...................................................................................163.2重复控制策略......................................................................