安徽省马鞍山市2014高考英语阅读理解动词短语精讲讲练(17)

1马鞍山市2014高考英语阅读理解、动词短语精讲讲练（17）及答案(·山西省运城市教学检测)Americanchildrenaren'ttheonlycouchpotatoeswithnearlyonethirdofchildrengloballyspendingthreehoursadayormorewatchingTVoroncomputers,accordingtothestudyofover70,000teensin34nations.FromArgentinatoZambia,ReginaGutholdoftheWorldHealthOrganizationinGenevaandhercolleaguesfoundmostchildrenweren'tgettingenoughexerciseandthatitmadenodifferenceiftheylivedinarichorapoorcountry.“Withregardstophysicalactivitieslevels,wedidnotfindmuchofadifferencebetweenpoorandrichcountries，”Gutholdsaid.“Growingupinapoorcountrydoesnotnecessarilymeanthatkidsgetmorephysicalactivities.”ThestudywaspublishedinTheJournalofPediatrics,lookingat72,845schoolchildrenaged13to15fromNorthandSouthAmerica,Asia,Europe,andtheMiddleEast.Thechildrenweresurveyedbetween2003and2007.Theresearchersdefinedadequatephysicalactivityasatleastanhourofexerciseoutsideofgymclassatleastfivedaysaweek.ChildrenwhospentthreeormorehoursadaywatchingTV,playingcomputergames,orchattingwithfriends—asidefromtimeinschoolortimespentdoinghomework—wereclassifiedassedentary.Theresearchersfoundonlyonequarteroftheboysand15percentofthegirlsweregettingenoughexercisebythesedefinitions.Aquarterofboysandnearly30percentofgirlsweresedentaryanddidn'tgetenoughexercisewithgirlslessactivethanboysineverycountryasidefromZambia.Uruguayhadthehighestpercentageofactiveboys,at42percent,whileZambiahadthelowest,at8percent.GirlsfromIndiawerethemostactive,with37percentmeetingexerciserecommendation,whilegirlsfromEgyptweretheleastactive,withjust4percentgettingadequateexercise.ChildreninMyanmarweretheleastsedentary,with13percentofboysand8percentofgirlsclassifiedassedentary.ThemostsedentarynationswereSt.LuciaandtheCaymanIslands,with58percentofboysand64percentofgirlsspendingatleastthreehoursadayinsedentaryactivities.Peopleshowdeepconcernforkids'lackofphysicalactivityinvariousnations.Whydotheyhavealowlevelofphysicalactivity?Gutholdspeculated(推测)that2urbanization(都市化)couldbeafactoraswellasaccesstocarsandTVs.语篇解读：一项面向34个国家7万多名青少年开展的调查显示，全球近三分之一的儿童每天看电视或玩电脑的时间达到三个小时甚至更多。5．Ifyouaresedentary,you________.A．areadiligentstudentspendingmuchtimedoinghomeworkB．haveatleastanhourofexerciseoutdoorseverydayC．likewatchingTVandplayingcomputergamesD．spendalotoftimesittingdownandnotmoving解析：推理判断题。第三段提到：除了在学校或做作业的时间外，每天看电视、玩电脑游戏或上网聊天的时间超过三个小时的孩子被定义为“久坐不动的”。由此推断，如果你被认为是“sedentary”，你就是大部分时间坐着不动的人。答案：D6．WhichstatementisTRUEaboutthefindingofthestudy,ledbyReginaGuthold?A．Mostchildrenaroundtheworlddon'tmeettheexerciserecommendation.B．Girlsineverycountryarenomoreactivethanboys.C．Childreninrichcountriesrelativelygetlessphysicalactivities.D．Only4percentofthegirlsfromEgyptarenotactiveinexercise.解析：推理判断题。根据第二段内容“多数儿童都缺乏锻炼，而且这和他们生活在富国和穷国没有多大关系”及该段提及的调查的范围可推知A项“全球大多数儿童没有达到建议活动量”是正确的。B项可根据第四段末尾排除；C项可根据第二段前三句排除；D项可根据第五段中第二句的后半句排除。答案：A7．Whichcouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?A．AmericanchildrenareaddictedtoTVsandcomputersB．NearlyonethirdofchildrengloballyarecouchpotatoesC．EffectsofphysicalactivitiesonhealthD．Unimaginablestandardofphysicalhealth解析：主旨大意题。第一段是全文的中心，第一段内容是“一项面向34个国家7万多名青少年开展的调查显示，爱坐在电视机前的并非只有美国儿童，全球近三分之一的儿童每天看电视或玩电脑的时间达到三个小时甚至更多”，由此可知B项正确。答案：B8．Whatwouldthewriterbemostlikelytodiscussindetailinthefollowingparagraphs?3A．Thesuitableamountofphysicalactivitiesforstudents.B．SomeofthefactorsforthepopularityofcarsandTVsamongthekids.C．Thereasonsbehindthelackofphysicalactivities.D．Thewaystomakethemostofphysicalactivities.解析：篇章结构题。最后一段提到：人们对各国儿童缺乏身体锻炼表示极大的关注，Guthold分析，除汽车和电视的普及外，都市化也是造成儿童缺乏身体锻炼的一个因素。由此推断接下来作者很可能会详细地讨论儿童缺乏身体锻炼背后的原因。答案：C常见动词词组讲解与自我检测一、add（1）Ifyouadd5to5，youget10.(把……加到……上面)（2）Fiveaddedtofiveis/makes10.（3）Thiswilladdtoourtrouble.(增加)（4）Theballoonsaddedtothefestivalatmosphere.(增加)（5）Hiswholeschooleducationaddeduptonomorethanoneyear.(加起来总共)（6）Addupthenumbers，andyouwillget1155.(加……)（题组训练）用与add相关的短语填空：1、Theengineoftheshipwasoutoforderandthebadweatheradded___________thehelplessnessofthecrewatsea.2、Thenumbersadd___________95.答案：1、to2、upto二、agree（1）agreeon(就……达成共识)（2）agreetodosth.(同意做（某事）)（3）agreetotheplan/decision/arrangement(同意)（4）Idon'tagreewithyou/whatyousaid/youradvice.(同意)（5）Theclimateheredoesn'tagreewithme.(指食物、天气等适合某人)（6）YourstoryagreeswithwhatIhavealreadybeard.(和……一致)4（题组训练）用与agree相关的短语填空：3、Muttondoesn'tagree________________him.4、Theverbagrees________________itssubjectinnumberandperson.5、Wecouldn'tagree________________adate.答案：3、with4、with5、on三、break（1）IamsorrythatIbrokemypromise(违背，违反)（2）breakone'sword/breakthelaw/breaktherule（3）Hishealthbroke.(（身体或精神）垮了)（4）Hebrokeawayfromallhisoldfriends.(断绝来往，脱离)（5）Ishouldbreakawayfromsuchhabits.(改掉（习惯）)（6）Allourplansbrokedown.Thepeacetalkshavebrokendown.（7）(（计划、谈判等）失败)（8）Herhealthbrokedownunderthepressureofwork.（9）（=becomeverybad）(被搞垮，垮掉)（10）Thetelephonesystemhasbrokendown.(（机器或车辆）出故障；坏掉)（11）Thethievesplannedtobreakintoabank.(闯入，破门进入)（12）TheSecondWorldWarbrokeoutinSeptember1939.(爆发)（13）Aftermidnight，thepartybrokeup.(散（会）)（14）Ibrokeupthecandyandgaveeachchildasmallpiece.(分开)（15）Thepolicebrokeupthecrowd.(分开，分散)（16）brokenEnglish(鳖脚的英语)（17）（18）Ourtroopshadlittl