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口译笔记符号大汇总一、地名简写高级口译听力部分要求考生准确拼写出主要国家的名称和首都。如果要把每个国家的名称完整的记录下来.会很费时间。因此,常用国名的记录方法应常记心中,比如K=Korea,SD=Sweden,SW=Switzerland等等。有时还可以借助“|-”来表示东、西、南、北、中等方位。例如:theRepublicofKorea(ROK,南朝鲜),表示为“-K”;相应的theDemocraticPeople’sRepublicofKorea(DPRK,北朝鲜),就可以表示为“K-”,CentralLondon,表示为LD。WesternEurope(西欧)表示为“|EU”,EasternGermany(东德)表示为“G|”。练习:EasternEurope,SouthAfrica,NorthChina,WesternGermany,SouthAsia,CentralItal二、缩略词英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高,如IMP:important,ASAP:assoonaspossible。很显然如果能熟练掌握缩略词,会对考试大有裨益。缩略词的写法一般为四种方式:(一)拿掉所有元音MKT:marketMGR:managerMSG:messageSTD:standardRCV:receive(二)保留前几个字母INFOinformationINSinsuranceEXCHexchangeIoweyouIOUInsteadofI/O(三)保留开头和结尾个发音字母WKweekRMroomPLpeople(四)根据发音RareTHOthoughTHRUthrough(五)高级口译听力常用英语缩略词表缩略词原词APTApartmentACCAccountantACDGAccordingACPTAcceptADAdvertisementADSAddressADVAdviceAMAPAsmuch/manyaspossibleAMTAmountBALBalanceBLDGBuildingCERTCertificateCMPECompete/competitiveCMUCommunicationCO.CompanyDEPTDepartmentDISCDiscountEXCHExchangeEXTExtentINFOInformationI/OInsteadofIOUIoweyouMDLModelMEMOMemorandumMINMinimumMKTMarketMSGMessagePKGPackingPLPeoplePLSPleaseREFReferenceSECSectionSTDStandardTELTelephoneTHOThoughTKSThanksTRFTrafficWTWeightXLExtralarge三、字母、图像o表示“人”people/person,因为“o”看上去像个人头,它通常被写在一个词或符号的右上角。例如:日本人:Jo。gov表示政府,统治:government,governP表示政治:politics,politicalG表示效率:efficient,effective。G为效率符号。Q表示“通货膨胀”:inflation因为这个符号酷似一个上升的气球。A表示农业:agriculture.agriculture经常用到,所以用首字母代替。B表示商业:businessW表示工作,职业:work,employ等。它是work的第一个字母。所以WZ就可以用来表示worker,而“Z”(小圆圈)在字母上方表示employer,在字母下方表示employee。i表示工业:industry,industrial字母i像只烟囱,所以用来可以用来表示工业。UU看酷似一个酒杯,在笔记中表示合同、协议(treaty,agreement)一般只有在谈判成功、协议成交后才会表示“举杯祝贺”。如果在U内填入2,就可以表示为bilateral(双边的),填入3表示为trilateral(三边的)。填入在U中填入1表示:Unilateralism(单边主义),填入m(multiple)表示多边主义。如果在U上加一个“/”表示谈判破裂。O表示“国家”、“民族”、“领土”等:country,state,nation,etc.⊙圆圈表示一个圆桌,中间一点表示一盆花,这个符号就可以表示会议、开会等:meeting,conference,negotiation,seminar,discussion,symposiumO圆圈代表地球,横线表示赤道,所以这个符号就可以表示国际的、世界的、全球的等:international,worldwide,global,universal,etc.五、数学符号+表示“多”:many,lotsof,agreatdealof,agoodmanyof,etc.++(+2)表示“多”的比较级:more+3表示“多”的最高级:most-表示“少”:little,few,lack,inshortof/beinshortageofetc.×表示“错误”、“失误”和“坏”的概念:wrong/incorrect,somethingbad,notorious,negative,etc.表示“多于”概念:bigger/larger/greater/morethan/betterthan,etc.表示“高”概念:superiorto,surpass,etc.表示“少于”概念:less/smaller,etc.表示“低”概念:inferiorto,etc.=表示“同等”概念:means,thatistosay,inotherwords,thesameas,beequalto,etc.表示“对手”概念:amatch,rival,competitor,counterpart,etc.()表示“在......之间”:among,within,etc.≠表示“不同”概念:bedifferentfrom,etc.~表示“大约”概念:about/around,orso,approximately,etc./表示“否定”,“消除”等概念:crossout,eliminate,etc.六、标点等:表示各种各样“说”的动词:say,speak,talk,marks,announce,declare,etc.?表示“问题”:question,issue,例如:台湾问题:tw?.(dot)这个“.”点的位置不同表示的概念也不一样“.d”表示yesterday,“.y”表示lastyear,“.2m”表示twomonthago。Wk表示week“y”表示thisyear,“y2.”twoyearlater“nextweek”,可以表示为“wk.”∧表示转折butyethowever√表示“好的”状态,right/good,famous/well-known,etc.表示“同意”状态,standupfor,support,agreewithsb,certain/affirmative,etc.☆表示“重要的”状态:important,exemplary(模范的)best,outstanding,brilliant,etc.&表示“和”,“与”:and,togetherwith,alongwith,accompany,alongwith,furthermore,etc.∥表示“结束”:end,stop,halt,bringsthtoastandstill/stop,etc.七、较长单词的处理办法-ism简写为m例如:socialismSm-tion简写为n例如:standardization(标准化)stdn-ing简写为g例如:marketing(市场营销)MKTg-ed简写为d例如:acceptedacptd-ment简写为mt例如:amendmentamdmt口译笔记符号(若干)新东方听力口语部龚学众翻译笔记原则:学会一字等于一句,看一字想一句,看一句知一句。一.以符号代文字以下各符号均可在记录中代替文字1.数学符号equal:=boost,improve,enhance,strengthen:↗plus:+minus:—times:xdividedby:÷degree:℃percent:%perthousand:‰between:|.|because,becauseof,dueto:∵therefore,so,asaresult,consequently:∵plusorminus:±versus,theratioof,dividedby::soon,etc,andsoforth:···is(much)greater/bigger/larger/faster/quicker/heavier/older…than;superiorto,surpass:is(much)less/smaller/lighter/younger/fewer/inferiorto/worsethan…:notequalto:¹notlessthan:variesas,indirectproportionto:∝或∞parallel,isparallelto:‖rightangle:∟perpendicular,isperpendicularto:⊥circle,circumference:○ellipse:0diameter:θtriangle,delta:△pressure,influence:⊥(竖线为向下箭头)approximately,about,nearly,around,almost:≈asalways,一直,总是,一贯:≡into:contact,exchanges:∞conflicts,disputes,contradictions:波折:belongto,isof,of:∈victory,win,success:Vby,with,%,in:/asalways,holdon,persist,insiston:≡wonder,miracle:!About:@Ontheonehand:∕Ontheotherhand:∕Relation,relationship:&Future:Notagree:NAgree:YFine,good:+Better,muchbetter:++Bad,weak:-Worse,weaker:--Inconclusion:=Empty:ORepresentative,delegation,delegation:△2.货币:sterling,pound:£USdollar:US$renminbi:RMB:¥Australiandollars:#AAustrianschillings:SchCanadiandollars:Can$Eurodollar:€NewZealanddollars:NZ$Japaneseyen:3.时间:时:hour:hrminute:'second:’’早:d中:d晚:d日:thedaybeforeyesterday:”dyesterday:’dtoday:dtomorrow:d’thedayaftertomorrow:d’’daybyday,everyday:dd夜:lastnight:’ntonight:nnextnight:n’周:theweekbeforelast:”wlastweek:’wthisweek:wnextweek:w’theweekafternext:w’’周日:Monday:1wTuesday:2wWednesday:3wThursday:4wFriday:5wSaturday:6wSunday:7w月:themonthbeforelast:”mlastmonth:’mthismonth:mnextmonth:m’themonthafternext:m’’月初:月中:12月上旬、中旬、月底/下旬:12、12、12月份:January:1mFebruary:2mMarch:3
本文标题:口译笔记符号大汇总
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