名词性从句学案精讲精练习题(附答案)

1名词性从句同学们，在第3、4、5单元我们分别学习了宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句和同位语从句。它们都属于名词性从句。现在，我们将从下面几点谈谈名词性从句：一、相关概念;二、种类;三、常见引导词;四、七大常考考点:1.that\what\which;2.it形式主语、宾语的用法;3.语序问题;4.同位语从句和定从的区别;5.what\whatever…6.if\whether;7.虚拟语气问题;五、相关习题集中练习一.相关概念1.名词：表示人或事物的名称的词2.名词的句法作用：名词在句中主要作主语,宾语,表语和同位语。另外还可以作定语,状语。3.名词性从句：在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当,这个句子就叫:名词性从句。二、名词性从句的种类1.Whenwewillstartisnotclear.主语从句2.Mrs.Blackwon’tbelievethathersonhasbecomeathief.宾语从句3.Myideaisthatweshoulddoitrightnow.表语从句4.Ihadnoideathatyouwereherfriend.同位语从句三、常见引导词：1）从属连词that只引导，本身无意义，仅起引导作用。（引导宾语从句时可省，但是如果是并列的多个宾语从句，只能省第一个）2）连接代词who,whom,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever等，有意义，作成分3）连接副词where,when,how,why等，有意义，在句中作状语4）从属连词if,whether（是否）(if只能引导动词、形容词之后的宾语从句)1.Whathesaidhasnothingtodowithyou.2.Whenwe’llstarttomorrowwillbetoldsoon.3.Thathedidsuchathingsatisfiedme.4.Howwecanprotectculturalrelicsneedstobediscussed.四、名词性从句七大常考考点考点1：A.连接词：that与what的区别Whatwecan’tgetseemsbetterthanwhatwehave.Thatanewteacherwillcometoourschoolistrue.that只起连接作用，无意义，在从句中不充当任何成分;what既有连接作用，又要在从句中作成分（主语，宾语，表语）(…的东西;物;话;时间;地点;人物;数目等不同概念)1.Afterfivehours’drive,theyreachedwhatwascalledthehometownofthegoddess.2.Theotherday,mybrotherdrovehiscardownthestreetatwhatwasadangerousspeed.3.Thevillagewasquitedifferentfromwhatitusedtobe.4.Thattheearthisroundisknowntousall.5.FathermadeapromisethatifIpassedtheexaminationhewouldbuymeacomputer.B.what(什么)/which(表选择,哪一个)1.---DoyouknowwhatMr.Black’saddressis?2---HemayliveatNo.18orNo.19ofBridgeStreet.I’mnotsureofwhich.2.Ireadaboutitinsomebooksorother,doesitmatterwhichitwas?高考题选萃1）____youdon’tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether2)____hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.A.WhatB.ThatC.ThefactD.Thematter3)There’safeelinginme___we’llneverknowwhataUFOis.A.thatB.whichC.ofwhichD.what考点2：it作形式主语,形式宾语的用法A.it作形式主语1.他犯了那样一个错误真是遗憾。Thathemadesuchamistakeisapity.可换成Itisapitythat……2.他来不来不重要。Whetherhewillcomeornotdoesn’tmatter.可换成Itdoesn’tmatterwhether……常见的主语从句句型有：Itiswellknown/reported/thought/saidthat…Itisclear/necessary/certain/truethat…Itisapity/ashame/anhonorthat…Itdoesn’tmatterwhether…Itseemsthat…Ithappensthat…1.____isknowntoall,TaiwanisonlypartofChina.A.AsB.ThatC.WhichD.What2.Itisknowntoall____TaiwanisonlypartofChina.A.asB.thatC.ifD.for3.ItwasonSunday___Imethim.A.thatB.whenC.whatD.whichB.it作形式宾语(1)make/find/feel/consider/thinkit+adj./n+that…/todo…(2)it指代后面从句所叙述的内容，常用于这些动词后，like/dislike/love/hate/appreciate/make+it后常跟if或when从句E.g.:Ihateitwhenpeoplelaughatthedisabled.(3)dependonitthat…1.Ilike___intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.A.thisB.thatC.itD.one2.Youmaydependon____thatyouparentswillhelpyouwheneveryouneedit.A.themB.yourselfC.itD.me考点3语序问题1.Thephotographswillshowyou_B___．A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike2.Youcanhardlyimagine__C__whenheheardthenews.A.howhewasexcitedB.howwasheexcitedC.howexcitedhewasD.hewashowexcited33.Heasked__D__foraviolinA.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaid★在名词性从句中,除了关联词要提到句首之外,一律要用陈述句语序4.Whattimedoyouthink_B_?A.willBestycomehereB.BestywillcomehereC.isBestycominghereD.canBestygethere疑问词+doyouthink\suggest\believe/suppose…+陈述语序考点4同位语从句和定语从句的区别同位语从句一般跟在名词fact,news,promise,truth,belief,thought,idea,answer,information,knowledge,doubt,hope,law,opinion,plan,suggestion后,用以说明或解释前面的名词的内容，引导词一般为that，没有意义，不作任何成分，只起连接作用，但不能省略。定语从句：对先行词起修饰限制作用，引导词不止that，引导词在句中作一定成分，有意义，且that/which在定语从句中如果做宾语，可以省略。E.g.:Thenewsthatshepassedtheexamexcitedherparents.同位语从句解释说明；that在从句中不充当成分,没有意义，是连接代词，但是不能省。Thenewsthatweknowfromherexcitedallofus.定语从句修饰限定；that代替先行词news，是关系代词，在从句中有意义，做成分，作宾语，可以省。1.Thesuggestionthatheshouldnotgothereisofgreatvalue.同位语从句2.Thesuggestionthathemadeisofgreatvalue.定语从句3.Thefactthathewonthefirstplacecan’tbedenied.同位语从句4.Thefactthathetoldmeexcitedme.定语从句注:1.同位语从句多用that引导2.在havenoidea之后常用wh-引导同位语从句.Ihavenoideawherehehasgone.Ihavenoideawhenhedidit.Ihavenoideawhathedid.考点5.“whatever/whoever/whichever/whenever/wherever/however”的用法whatever/whoever/whichever可以引导主语从句或宾语从句，他们既在从句中做成分又在主句中作成分，相当于anythingthat,anybodywho等，此时不能与nomatterwhat/who/which互换E.g.:Whoeverwalksaroundinsuchaheavyrainwillcatchacold.(试体会本句，不可以变成nomatterwho引导的让步状语从句)whatever/whoever/whichever/whenever/wherever/however可引导让步状语从句，意为“无论什么/谁/哪个/何时/何地/怎样……都……”，相当于nomatterwhat/who/which/when/where/how.E.g.:WhereverIwent,thedogalwaysfollowedme.(本句可换成NomatterwhereIwent,thedogalwaysfollowedme.主从句依然没有问题)1._________wassaidheremustbekeptasasecret.What2._______weneedismoretime.What3._________breaksthelawwillbepunished.Whoever高考题选萃____hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.A.WhoB.TheoneC.AnyoneD.Whoeverwh-ever既可引导名词性从句又可引导让步状语从句，nomatterwh-只引导让步状语从句42.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild____heorshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever考点6.用if或whether填空1.Idon’tknow_________I’llbefreetomorrow.whether2.Itseemedasifhewasindifferent(漠然)__hecouldnotgetintoalifeboat.if3.Thequestionis______thisbookisworthwriting.whether4.Itdependson______wewillhaveenoughmoney.whether5.______theyc