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南京农业大学《微生物学》试题Ⅰ注:1.答题前,请准确、清楚地填各项,涂改及模糊不清者、试卷作废。2.试卷若有雷同以零分计。一、名词解释(6×5):1.Colony菌落2.Virus病毒3.Biogeochemicalcycle4.Medium培养基5.Tansduction转导6.Mycorhiza菌根二、问答题(70分)1.Whatarethemajordifferencesbetweengram-positiveandGram-negativebacteria?(5分)什么是主要差异在革兰氏阳性之间,革兰阴性菌?2.Distinguishbetween(a)phototrophsandchemotrophs,(b)Lithotrophsandorganotrophs.(4分)区分(一个)光能营养型,化能营养,(b淋巴细胞)无机营养生物,有机营养菌。3.Yeastcangrowbothunderaerobicandanaerobicconditions.Whatisthedifferenceinenergyproduction?(8分)酵母能在需氧的,厌氧条件下增长。有什么不同在能源生产?4.Drawatypicalbacteriagrowthcurve.Explaineachphase.(8分)Inwhatcircumstance,filtrationandpasteurizationmethodsareuseful?(6分)画一个典型细菌生长曲线。说明每个相。(8分)在什么环境,过滤,巴氏消毒法方法有用?5.Todeterminetheviablecountsofasoilsample,whichmethodisthebest?Listtheprocedures.(10分)要确定一个土壤样品的可行的计数,哪种方法是最好的吗?列出的程序。6.Thedonorbacterialcellinatransformationisprobablydead.Explainwhy.(2分)7.Whataretherolesofacloningvector,restrictionenzymes,andDNAligaseinmolecularcloning?(6分)在分子克隆的克隆载体,限制性内切酶和DNA连接酶的作用是什么?8.Whatdoestheterm“antagonism”means?Explaintheusefulnessinbiologicalcontrol.(4分)9.ExplainthefollowingtermsinRhizobium-legumesymbiosis:infection,hostspecificity,effectiveness,competitiveness.Howtoevaluatethesymbioticeffectivenessingreen-house?(10分)在豆科根瘤菌共生的感染,宿主特异性,效益,竞争力。温室共生效益如何评价?10.Listthetaxonomichierarchyofclassification.(7分)列出分类的分类层次。《微生物学》试题Ⅱ本试题一共2道大题,共2页,满分100分。考试时间120分钟。总分题号一二三四五六七八九十阅卷人题分核分人得分注:1.答题前,请准确、清楚地填各项,涂改及模糊不清者、试卷作废。2.试卷若有雷同以零分计。一、名词解释(6×5):1.Bacterialchemotaxis细菌的趋化作用2.Lichen地衣3.Chemoorganotroph化能有机营养生物4.Colony菌落5.Biogeochemicalcycle生物地球化学循环6.Conjugation接合二、问答题(70分)1.Whataretheuniquefeaturesofmicroorganismsgram-positive?(10分)2.WhydoesGram-stainingprocedurestainsomebacteriapurple-violetandothersred?(10分)3.Explaintheterm“medium”,whatisthepurposetomakeaselectivemedium?(10分)4.Todeterminetheviablecountsofasoilsample,whichmethodisthebest?Listtheprocedures.(8分)5.Whataretherolesofacloningvector,restrictionenzymeandDNALigaseinmolecularcloning?(12分)6.ExplainthefollowingtermsinRhizobium-legumesymbiosis:infection,hostspecificity,effectiveness,competitiveness.Howtoevaluatethesymbioticeffectivenessingreen-house?(20分)复习题Questions-11.Whataretheuniquefeaturesofmicroorganism?2.Listseveralappliedareasofmicrobiology.Describetheimportanceofmicroorganismsineachoftheseappliedfields.3.Discussthedifferencesbetweenprokaryoticandeukaryoticcells.4.Whataresomemajordifferencesbetweengram-positiveandGram-negativebacteria.5.Drawatypicalbacterialcellandidentifyallparts.6.DefinethefollowingtermsArchaea古菌,flagellum鞭毛,bacterialchemotaxis细菌的趋化作用,capsule荚膜,spore孢子,cystmesosomeplasmid质粒,simplestaining简单染色,Gramstaining革兰氏染色,colony菌落,lyticbacteriaphage噬菌体裂解,Viruse,HIV,SARS,pseudopodia伪足,cyanobacteria蓝细菌,Algaeprotozoa,Lichen地衣,mycorrhiza菌根,yeast酵母菌,mold霉菌,fungi真菌.7.Listthesexualsporesandasexualsporesoffungi.8.WhatistheuniqueabouttheclassDeuteromycetes,makingitdifferentfromotherclassesoffungi?Questions-21.Whatarethenutrientsthatmicroorganismsrequire?Andwhatarethefunctionsofthesenutrients?2.Distinguishbetween(a)phototrophsandchemotrophs,(b)Lithotrophsandorganotrophs,and(c)autotrophsandheterotrophs.3.Explaintheterm“medium”.Whatisthepurposeofmakeaselectivemedium?4.Underwhatcircumstancemightyouwishtousesilicalgelasasolidifyingagentforaculturemedium?5.Yeastcangrowbothunderaerobicandanaerobicconditions.Whatisthedifferenceinenergyproduction.6.Describetheprocessofpassivediffusion.7.Howispassivediffusiondifferentiatedfromfacilitateddiffusion?8.Howisgrouptranslocationsimilartoanddifferentfromactivetransportofsolutes?Questions-31.Explainthefollowingterms:growth,pureculture,continuousculture,batchculture,synchronousgrowth,sterilization,disinfection,antisepsis,optimumtemperature,generationtime,acidophile,facultativeanaerobe.2.Describethemethodsforisolatingpureculture.3.Differentiatethebatchcultureandcontinuousculture,Indicatetheiradvantagesanddisadvantages.4.Todeterminetheviablecountsofasolidsample,whichmethodisthebest?Listtheprocedures.5.Inwhatcircumstance,filtrationandpasteurizationmethodsareuseful?6.Drawatypicalbacteriagrowthcurve.Explaineachphase.Questions41.ExplainthefollowingtermsAuxotroph,Genotype,phenotype,genome,mutant,mutagen,pointmutation,DNArecombination,conjugation,transduction,transformation,Cloningvector,molecularcloning,polymeraseChainreaction,spontenousmutation,competence2.Describethephenotypicchangesduetogenemutation3.Describetheproceduresofreplicaplatingtechniqueforisolationofmutants.4.Thedonorbacterialcellinatransformationisprobablydead.Explainwhy.5.Inconjugation,howaredonorandrecipientcellsbroughtintocontactwitheachother?6.Whataretherolesofacloningvector,restrictionenzymes,andDNAligaseinmolecularcloning?7.WhataretheadvantagesofusingplasmidPBR322asacloningvector?Questions-51.ExplainthenfollwingtermsBiogeochemicalcycle,Rhizosphere,Neutralism,Mutualism,Commensalism,Competition,Parasitism,Predation,Denitrification,Nitrification,Nitrogenase,Leghemoglobin,PGPR2.Innitrogencycle,whatarethemicroorganismsandtheirfunctionsinthetransformationofnitrogenforms?3.Whatdoestheterm“antag
本文标题:南京农业大学农业微生物学试题库及答案
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