基于单片机的精准农业谷物智能测产系统

上海交通大学硕士学位论文基于单片机的精准农业谷物智能测产系统姓名：索远强申请学位级别：硕士专业：机械电子工程指导教师：刘成良2005020112090GPS/GIS/RS12GPSGPSGPSDGPS234GSMGSMCFGPRS20025GPSGSM3PrecisionAgricultureIntelligentYieldMonitoringSystemBasedOnMicroControllerUnitABSTRACTCurrently,thedeterioratingecologicenvironment,loweconomicreturnandweakagricultureinfrastructurearesignificantproblemsinfluencingagriculturedevelopment.Sincethe90’sof20thcentury,manydevelopedcountrieshavebeguntoimplementtheintelligentagricultureequipments,withPrecisionAgricultureintroducedasanewconcept.Precisionagriculturemaketheagricultureproducechangedfromquantitytypeproducetoqualitytypeproduce.It’smainlycharacteristicisthatItmaketheuseamountoffertilizerveryprecise.PrecisionAgriculturereferstooptimizingagriculturemanagementonthebasisofimportantparametersandregulatingthefieldinputsaccordingtothespecificconditions.Theprecisionpositioningandvariable-controlledequipments,whicharesupportedbytheGPS/GIS/RS,serveasthecoreofthePrecisionAgriculture.Thispaperexpoundsthesub-systemofPrecisionAgriculture:IntelligentYieldMonitoringSystemBasedOnMicroControllerUnit.Attentionispaidtotheresearchonthekeytechnologiesandequipmentsofthemonitoringsystem,soastoprovideacompletesetofintelligentyieldsystembasedonMCU.Thekeyresearchareasarelistedbelow.1multi-sensorapplication:developingthekeysensors,suchasyieldsensorandhumiditysensor.Enhancingthestabilityandprecisionofthismulti-sensorsystem.2GPSapplication:GPSdecodingbasedonMCUandimprovingGPSprecisionusedinthismonitoringsystem.3CFcardapplicationindatastorage:writingandreadingCFcardusingMCUsoastorealizinghugedatastorage.4GSMapplicationrealizingremotemonitoringbyutilizingGSMshortmessageserviceandanalyzingdatatransmissionmethodstoenhancethereal-timedatainteraction.And,thispaperalsodiscussesonsomemethodstoimprovetheyieldmonitoringsystemsuchasCFcard,EmbeddedOSandGPRS.SinceMay2002,thissystemhasbeenusedinShanghaiWu-siFarm,theModernAgricultureresearchinstituteaffiliatedtoChinaScienceAcademyandNuan-QuanFarminNing-xia.ThedataandtheyieldmapcanmeettherequirementofPrecisionAgriculture.KeyWords:PrecisionAgriculture,YieldMonitoring,MCU,GPS,CFCard,GSMI2005219I____2005219200521911.1,,,,,,,,8090GPSGISCDSRSVRTDSS[1],(PrecisionAgriculture),,[2][3]“”GIS3[4][5]221WTO[7]1.2GPS1993-1994GPS30%2090105%--10%50[8]“”19955%[9]DGPSGISDGPSNPKpH19921.5GPS1997GIS86320“3”GISGPSRSESMS[10]1.3,,,,. GISGPSRSGISGPSGISGISGIS23704[11]1.412GPSGPSGPSDGPS34GSMGSM52.1GPSGISRS;(VRA)[12]1GPSDGPSDifferentialGlobalPositioningSystemGPS2GISGISGeographicalInformationSystemGIS3RSRemoteSensing3RSRemoteSensing45GPS3mpHGIS667VRAVRAPCGISGPSVRAVRA8GISGIS9GPS:2.1CASE72.2GPS2.2.1GPSGlobalPositioningSystem-GPS7020GPS(GPS)[13]2.2.2GPSGPS213245566044031535314GPSGPS2.2.3GPSGPS“-”1GPS2442GPS83GPS1s45GPS2.2.4GPSGPS2.2.3GPSGPSGISGPSGPSGISGPSGISGISGPSGPSGISGPSGPS12GPSGPS92.2.4DGPSGPS10GPSDGPS,GPSGPS[14]GPSRTKRealTimeKinematic[15]2.3GIS2.3.1GISGIS1963R.FTomlinsonGIS(CGIS)SYMAPGIS70,GISGIS[16],1970197650GIS80GPSCRTGISGPStable2-4GPSapplication10123GIS11000GPSGPSGPSA123456[17]GISGIS2.3.2GISGIS[5][5]GIS60ARCINFOGRASSIDRISI1GIS:GIS11ODBC[2931]GIS[30][31]GIS[32]2GISGIS[33]GISRS3GISGIS[34]GIS[35]VRTGPS2.4RSRemoteSensing30RSRS[18]123ab45123.1GPSGISRSGPS1995WTOGPSGSMCF133.2CFGPSGSMtable3-1systemconstructionMCUI/O8255GPSGSMIDEI/OMAX232PC143.3Yieldsensor MoisturesensorHeaderswitchsensorGroudspeedsensorWidthSensor3.43.4.115KKK=Weight/MK124VDC12VDC2010mA1000010V3140mV/N1K40.2V3.4.2S401B/11224VDC2010mA30100RH42RH3.4.3GPS-716,å0.7-0.8Sn.JohnDeere107580/113.4.41-40ºC+85ºC2Ui=260V;300V3Ie=10A4)30×1043.53.5.1TLP5213-8I/OT1I/OT1T1T1TMOD=0x26;//T0817TH0=0xf8;//TL0=0xf8;//8voidservice_t0()interrupt1//0{sudu_status=1;}//sudu_status8sudu_status=1ADsudu_status=03.5.280C552ADADAD80C5521,68(80C552)AD01.A/DA/DADCON.ADCON.0~ADCON.2.ADCON.A/DADCONADCI.ADAT.A/DA/D.ADCI1,.ADCS=1ADCI=1,A/DA/D.,A/D.,.ADC0~ADC7.ADCONAADR2~AADR0 .ADCON:MSBLSBXXXADCIADCSAADR2AADR1AADR0:ADCI:A/D.A/D.A/D,,.ADCS:ADC.A/D,,ADCS.,ADCIADCS.ADCS.AADR2.AADR1.AADR0:.8.ADCIADCS.A/D:voidreadad()//ad{unsignedchardataADC_Channel;//ADC_ChannelA/D,0,1.unsignedintdataadr1,adr2;//doubledataadresult;//doubledataresult_ADC[2];//A/Dyield=0;//18moisure=0;//for(ADC_Channel=0;ADC_Channel=1;ADC_Channel++)//{ADCON=0;ADCON=ADC_Channel;ADCON=ADCON|ADCS;//A/Dwhile((ADCON&ADCI)==0);//adr1=ADCH;adr2=ADCON;adr1=adr1*0x04;adr2=adr2&0xc0;adr2=adr26;adresult=adr1+adr2;result_ADC[ADC_Channel]=adresult*5.0/1024.0;//}yield=result_ADC[0];moisure=result_ADC[1];//}3.5.3,,,,,,,.(FIR),()Hz=()()/BzAz()Az10naa===LFIR()1010MMnMnnHzbbzbzbz---==+++=∑L0b1bLMb()()()0,1,,hhhML,nM()0hn≡FIR().,FIRDR,,.,1k,5k,cw=15kkp×=0.2p,()jdHew00.2wp≤≤1,0.2pwp≤,M=10,()()12jjnddhnHeedpwwpwp-=∫1912ccjned=∫()sincnnwp=(3.5.3.1)cw=0.2p,M=10,()dhnsin0.222MnMnpp⎡⎤⎛⎞-×⎜⎟⎢⎥⎝⎠⎣⎦=⎛⎞-⎜⎟⎝⎠()0h=()10h=0;()1h=()9h=0.04677;()2h=()8h=0.10091;()3h=()7h=0.15137;()4h=()6h=0.18710;()5h=0.2h(n+1)=0.04677h(n-1)+0.10091h(n-2)+0.15137h(n-3)+0.18710h(n-4)+0.2h(n-5)+0.18710h(n-6)+0.15137h(n-7)+0.10091h(n-8)+0.04677h(n-9)Matlab.24681000.20.40.60.81SamplesAmplitudeTimedomain00.20