年产40kt气化工段设计

摘要煤制油是以煤炭为原料生产液体燃料和化工原料的煤化工技术简称。通常有两种技术路线，直接液化和间接液化。本次设计采用煤间接液化中的多元料浆气化技术。多元料浆气化是一种气流床加压气化专利技术，该技术主要有料浆制备和气化两部分组成，料浆制备是以一种或多种的含碳固态物质为原料，经一次湿磨制成气化料浆，浆体呈非牛顿型流体中的假塑性流体特征，料浆稳定，易于泵送；料浆气化是通过加料泵加压送入气化炉，与氧气在气化炉内进行气化反应，生成以CO和H2为主要组成的粗合成气。在上述基础上，参考相关的资料和标准对气化、变换工段的设备进行了合理布局；并编制了气化、变换设备一览表，物料流程图，工艺管道及仪表流程图，设备平面布置图和立面布置图。关键词：煤制油；间接液化；水煤浆；气化AbstractTheCoalliquefactionistheabbreviationofthecoalchemicaltechnologytoproduceindustrialchemicalsandliquidfuelwithcoalforrawmaterial.Usually,therearetwotechnicalroutes:directcoalliquefactionandindirectcoalliquefaction.Thisdesignusesindirectcoalliquefactionofthemultiplepulpgasificationtechnology.Multiplepulpgasificationisakindofairbedpressurizedgasificationpatenttechnology,thetechnologyismainlytwoparts:pulppreparationandgasification.thepreparationofThepulpusesoneormoreofthesolidmaterialcontainingcarbonasrawmaterial,afterawetgrindingintogasificationpulp,PasteisthefluidofNewtonplasticfluidcharacteristicsoffalse,Pulpstable,easytopumping;Thegasificationofslurryintothegasifierispressurizedthroughthefeedpump,withoxygeninthegasifier,thegasificationreactionofthecrudesynthesisgascomposedmainlyofCOandH2.Onthebasisoftheabove,referencematerialsandstandardforgasification,transformationprocessandequipmenttocarryoutthereasonablelayout.Andthepreparationofgasification,transformequipmentlist,processflowdiagram,processpipingandinstrumentationdiagrams,equipmentlayoutandverticallayout.Keywords:coaltoliquids;indirectliquefaction;coalwaterslurry;gasification目录引言...................................................................................................................................1第1章总论.........................................................................................................................21.1项目概述.................................................................................................................21.2设计依据................................................................................................................21.3设计指导思想........................................................................................................21.4设计原则.................................................................................................................21.5厂址概况................................................................................................................21.6厂地的水文地质状况及气候条件........................................................................2第2章煤制油简介.............................................................................................................42.1煤制油的意义........................................................................................................42.2煤气化方案的分类................................................................................................42.2.1移动床气化.................................................................................................42.2.2流化床气化.................................................................................................52.2.3气流床气化.................................................................................................52.3工艺说明................................................................................................................62.3.1多元料浆制备系统.....................................................................................62.3.2多元料浆气化系统.....................................................................................7第3章气化、变换工艺计算...........................................................................................103.1气化过程..............................................................................................................103.1.1气化炉计算实例.......................................................................................103.1.2水洗塔计算...............................................................................................213.2变换过程..............................................................................................................233.2.1变换炉计算...............................................................................................233.2.2低压蒸汽发生器.......................................................................................26第4章设备的计算与选型...............................................................................................304.1气化炉..................................................................................................................304.1.1已知条件...................................................................................................304.1.2计算...........................................................................................................30内蒙古工业大学本科毕业设计说明书24.2变换炉..................................................................................................................314.3低压蒸汽发生器..................................................................................................324.3.1传热面积的确定.......................................................................................334.3.2管子数的确定.........