传统铣床的数控化改造设计-毕业设计

传统铣床的数控化改造设计扬州大学机械工程学院摘要普通机床的数控化再制造，是一项可以可以节约大量的资金的新技术。通过对旧机床再制造后，使机床性能能接近新的机床，提高了零件的加工精度，改善了工作环境，提高了劳动生产效率，缩短了制造周期。本文提供了一种X52k铣床的经济型数控化改造方案。X52K型立式铣床是常见的国产普通铣床，适用于中小型零件的平面、成型表面及具有一定斜度的表面的加工。改造的主要模块有：机械部分和数字控制电路部分。机械部分主要是对丝杠、驱动元件和减速齿轮的改造。改造后的系统是以步进电机为驱动执行元件的开环控制系统，控制系统使系统能够控制进给轴的转速，并实现其正反转控制工作台，实现其纵、横向和垂向进给运动，控制冷却和润滑。数字控制电路部分主要以SINUMERIK802baselineCNC对X52K铣床改造，扩大了加工范围，可以加工凸轮等形状复杂的零件，提高了加工精度和生产效率，工作性能稳定，且改造的成本也较低。关键词：X52k，数控化，改造，开环控制，数控系统AbstractTheordinaryenginebednumericalcontrolmakesagain,isoneitemmaysavethemassivefundnewtechnology.Throughmakesagainaftertheoldenginebednumericalcontrol,causestheenginebedperformanceclosenewenginebed,increasedthecomponentsprocessingprecision,improvedtheworkingconditions,enhancedthelaborproductivity,reducedthemanufacturecycle.Inthispaper,inbaseofourcountry’seco-mimicconditionandtheexpensiveCNC.X52Ktypeverticalmillingmachineisacommondomesticordinarymillingmachine,It'ssuitableforthemediumandsmallpartsoftheplane,Moldingsurfaceandwithacertainangleofthesurfaceoftheprocessing.Inordertoextendmachiningscope,highaccuracy,smallbatch,andhasagoodconditioninexcitedlycomplicitiesmarket.So,thememorizationrebuildingofX52Kissonecessaryandfeasible.ThispaperprovidesawayofhowtoimplementthesynchronizedmotionofthethreeaxesintheX、YandZplanewithCNCsystemandanopen-loopcontrolwhichusesteppingmotorsasactuatorsonaX52Kmill.ThedigitalcontrolcircuitismainlymodificationofX52KmillingmachinewithbaselineCNCSINUMERIK802,Expandtherangeofprocessing,processingcamandothercomplexparts,improvethemachiningaccuracyandproductionefficiency,stableperformance,andthetransformationofthecostisalsolower.KEYWORDS:X52Kmill，Numericalcontrol，rebuildingsingle，open-loopcontrol，CNC目录中文摘要Abstract第一章绪论1.1本课题研究意义.............................................................................................................................11.2技术要求...........................................................................................................................................1第二章整体改造方案2.1改造方案确定..................................................................................................................................32.2传动系统的改造…………………………………………………………………………………...52.2.1导轨副...................................................................................................................................62.2.2进给箱...................................................................................................................................62.2.3移动元件...............................................................................................................................62.2.4进给系统的布置...............................................................................................................8第三章进给伺服系统计算3.1主切削力计算..................................................................................................................................93.2循环方式与消隙方式的确定………………………………………………………………….103.3丝杠螺母副的设计计算…………………..……………………………………………………133.3.1纵向丝杠螺母副的选用………..……………………………………………………….133.3.2横向丝杠螺母副的选用…………………………………………………………………163.3.3垂向丝杠螺母副的选用…………………………………………………………………183.4伺服驱动系统的设计………………………………………………………………………..…..193.4.1脉冲当量的选择及减速齿轮副的设计………………………………………………193.4.2齿轮的消隙........................................................................................................................203.4.3滚动轴承的选择…………………………………………………………………...…..…223.5步进电动机的选型……………………………………………………………………………….233.6步进电机的计算和选用..............................................................................................................243.6.1纵向进给系统步进电机的选型...................................................................................243.6.1.1初选步进电机.........................................................................................................243.6.1.2步进电机转矩的校核计算..................................................................................273.6.2横向进给系统和垂向步进电机的选型...............................................................30第四章控制部分设计4.1数控系统的选择……………………………………………………………………………314.2系统总体电路设计………………………………………………………………………….314.3电控线路设计……………………………………………………………………………..324.3.1电控主电路………………………………………………………………….…...…..…324.3.2PLC输入输出接口电路…………………………………………………………….....334.4调试...........................................................................................................................................34总结……………………………………………………………………………………………...……………35谢辞…………………………………………………………………………………………………………...36参考文献……………………………………………………………………………………………………37详细资料联系QQ:442041216