人教版英语八年级下册第四单元导学案

Unit4SectionA一、学习目标：1)Importantwords:mad,anymore,message,suppose,hard-working2)Importantphrases:watchsoapoperas,besupposedtodo,firstofall,passon,sth.happenon…3)ImportantSentences①ShesaidshewasmadatMarcia.②ShesaidshewashavingapartyforLana.③Whathappenedon“YoungLives”lastnight?④Youaresupposedtomeetatthebusstoptoreturnit.4)Grammar:直接引语和间接引语二、学法指导：运用任务型学习，驱动学生掌握直接引语与间接引语之间的转化三、学习过程：Step1自学单元语法：（直接引语和间接引语）(一)直接引语和间接引语的含义：引述别人的话时，一般采用两种形式：一是引用别人的原话，两边用引号标出，称为直接引语；二是用自己的语言转述别人的话，称为间接引语。间接引语在句中实际上就是宾语从句。(二)直接引语变间接引语的方法：1.从句人称的变化：由直接引语变间接引语时，从句的主语人称要遵循一主、二宾、三不变的原则。1）直接引语的主语是第一人称时，变为间接引语时要和主句的主语保持一致。2）eg:①Theysaid,“Wewillgotherebybus”。→Theysaidtheywouldgotherebybus.3）②Hesaid,“Iamvisitingmyauntnextweek.”→Hesaidthathewasvisitinghisauntnextweek.2）如果直接引语的主语是第二人称，变为间接引语时要与主句的宾语保持一致。eg:①Shesaidtome,“Areyouinterestedinscience?”她对我说：“你对自然科学感兴趣吗？”→Sheaskedmeif/whetherIwasinterestedinscience.她问我是否对自然科学感兴趣。②Hesaidtome,“Youarehard-working.”→HetoldmethatIwashard-working.3）如果直接引语的主语是第三人称时，变为间接引语时人称保持不变。eg:Hismothersaidtome,“Hecan’tgotoschool.→Hismothertoldmethathecouldn’tgotoschool.从句时态的变化：1）如果主句是一般现在时或一般将来时，直接引语变间接引语时，从局的时态保持不变。eg:Hesays,“Iamvisitingmyauntnextweek.”→Hesaysthatheisvisitinghisauntnextweek.2）如果主句的时态为一般过去时，从句的时态要做相应的变化。①一般现在时改为一般过去时；②现在进行时改为过去进行时；③一般将来时改为过去将来时。注意：如果直接引语为客观真理、客观事实、自然现象时，变为间接引语时，时态不做变化。eg:Theteachersaidtous,“Lighttravelsfasterthansound”.→TheteachertoldusthatLighttravelsfasterthansound.2.句型的变化：1）如果直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时要用that来引导，that可省略。eg:Hesaid,“IlikewatchingTV.”他说：“我喜欢看电视”。→HesaidthathelikedwatchingTV.2）如果直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，需用if或whether来引导，且用陈述句语序。eg:Heaskedme,“Willyoubuytheredcoat?”→Heaskedmeif/whetherIwouldbuytheredcoat.3）如果直接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，引导词就是特殊疑问词，且用陈述句语序。eg:Sheaskedme,“Whereareyoufrom?”→SheaskedmewhereIwasfrom.4）如果直接引语是祈使句，变间接引语时，要将祈使句的动词变为不定如：tell(ask,order,…)sb.(not)todosth.eg:“Openthedoor.”Theteachersaidtome.→Theteachertoldmetoopenthedoor.“Don’topenthedoor.”Theteachersaidtome.→Theteachertoldmenottoopenthedoor.展示：语法针对性练习：（）1.Shesaidshe______sorryforbeinglate.A.isB.wasC.wereD.are（）2.Iaskedher______.A.whydoesshewanttocopymyhomework.B.whydidshewanttocopymyhomework.C.whyshewantstocopymyhomework.D.whyshewantedtocopymyhomework.（）3.Myfathertoldmetheearth______round.A.isB.wasC.willbeD.wouldbe（）4.Sheaskedme______shecouldusemymobilephone.A.thatB.forC.weatherD.if（）5.Hetoldus______hewouldbuyanewcar.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.ifStep2预习新单词，展示：1.madadj.①生气的；气愤的构成结构：bemadatsb.=_________意为“生某人的气”②疯狂的；着迷的相当于crazy,构成短语：bemadtodosth.2.not…anymore不再；再也不3.firstofall首先4.messagecn.消息；信息；口信拓展：给某人捎口信________给某人留口信_______发短信_________5.passon传递试译：传递给某人某物=passonsth.tosb.6.supposev.假定；认为；期望短语：besupposedtodosth.=shoulddosth.benotsupposedtodosth.=shouldn’tdosth.7.hard-workingadj.勤勉的；努力工作的eg:他是一个努力工作的人。Heisa_________person.Step3预习课文，展示课文重点：1.Youaresupposedtomeetatthebusstopthismorningtoreturnit.精讲：returnv.①“归还”相当于giveback短语：returnsb.sth.=givesth.backtosb.②returntosomeplace“返回某地”相当come/gobacktosomeplace.2.LanatoldMarciashewouldbringsomebookstoherhouse.区别：bring/take①bring“拿来，带来”指从别处把物或人带到或拿到说话者所在的位置。②take“拿走，带走”表示把人或物拿开或带离说话者所在的位置。③takewith“随身携带”Don’tforget____________yourhomeworktoschooltomorrow.请把这些书带给Tom。Please______thesebookstoTom.Don’tforget____________anumbrella,whenyougoout.四、当堂达标(一)单项选择（）1.Canyou______somemusicCDstotheparty?A.takeB.bringC.carryD.borrow（）2.She______she______apartyforhersisterthenextday.A.says;werehavingB.said;hadC.says;hadD.said;washaving（）3.Theaccidentshappened______acoldwintermorning.A.inB.onC.atD.of（）4.Wearesupposed______therebeforeseven.Sowemusthurryup.A.getB.togetC.gettingD.nottoget五、课后反思SectionB一、学习目标：1)Vocabulary:dowellin,ingoodhealth,nervous,envelop,true,disappointing,lucky2)ImportantSentences:1.Ihopethatgrandmaiswellnow.2.IhadareallyhardtimewithsciencethissemesterandIwasn’tsurprisedtofindthatmyworstreportwasfrommyscienceteacher.3.That’sallthenewsIhavefornow.4.It’sjustthatIfindsciencereallydifficult.3)Grammar:直接引语和间接引语二、学法指导：利用情景对话，在小组内交流.熟练掌握直接引语和间接引语，进一步巩固重点句型三、学习过程：预习导学：1.dowellin在……方面做得好；擅长………相当于________________2.beingoodhealth身体健康相当于：_________________拓展：beindanger_________beintrouble_______;beinsafety________3.nervousadj.神经紧张的；不安的试译：变得紧张________________不要紧张________________4.envelopen.信封试译：一张信封___________5.semestern.学期相当于：______6.trueadj.真实的；正确的；忠诚的其副词形式为：______其名词形式为：______;tellthetruth________________7.区别：disappointing/disappointed①disappointing“令人扫兴的；使人失望的”常用来修饰物；②disappointed指人“感到失望的”常用来修饰人；8.luckyadj.幸运的其反义词为：______;其副词形式为：______其名词形式为：______;goodluck_______;badluck__________9.own①代词通常位于形容词性物主代词之后，构成one’sown…表示“某人自己的……”eg:这是他自己的车。Thisis____________car.②v.拥有相当于haveeg:他拥有一所大房子。He______abighouse.③ownern.主人eg:他是这个小屋的主人。Heisthe______ofthesmallhouse.10.getover①克服②恢复11.pooradj.贫穷的；其反义词为：______12.graduate①n.（大学）毕业生②v.毕业构成短语：graduatefrom意为“从……毕业”13.volunteer①n.志愿者译：作为一名志愿者______________________②v.志愿;自愿构成短语：volunteertodosth.eg:他自愿帮我。Hevolunteered____________me.14.海拔200米_______________;稀薄的空气_________________eat的过去式形式为：_________________-15.decisionn.决定；决心其动词形式为：_________决定做某事：__________________=_____________