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目录第一章工程说明·························································································2第二章支护说明··········································································3第三章施工工艺·········································································4第一节施工方法···········································································4第二节施工工艺·········································································6第三节管线布置········································································9第四节主要设备表······································································9第四章生产系统·········································································10第一节通风系统········································································10第二节防尘、监测、排水系统······················································10第三节运输系统········································································10第四节供电系统········································································10第五章安全针对性技术措施··························································11第一节施工准备········································································11第二节反井钻安全技术措施·························································121第三节掘进安全技术措施····························································15第四节爆破安全技术措施····························································17第五节“一通三防”安全技术措施···················································20第六节机电运输安全技术措施······················································22第七节揭煤及断层时瓦斯异常涌出安全措施······································25第八节避灾路线及放炮警戒线位置················································26第八节避灾路线及放炮警戒线位置················································26第六章技术经济指标·································································272第一章工程说明一队即将兑位煤仓,为保证安全施工,特编制此规程:一、工程说明:先用反井钻机在坐标X=27408164.716,Y=4023745.974,Z=2618.813(煤仓上口)方位:108°倾角72°33′51″施工直径为240mm的钻孔,由上向下与主井打透形成煤仓系统,在由下向上施工直径1400mm的钻孔,在从煤仓上口钻爆法一次性扩至直径6.3米圆形断面,在向下钻爆法施工仓体15.3m处至煤仓漏斗上部承载梁时扩断面至直径8.3m高度1m。再垂直向下施工一矩形4m×4m(长×宽)与主井贯通然后按设计图纸扩上帮。钻爆法扩断面施工完毕后由下部装载硐室向上整体发碹。二、用途:存煤三、工程量:23m四、施工方法:先用反井钻机施工直径1400mm,后用风钻打眼将煤仓直径扩至6300mm。煤矿许用二级乳化炸药爆破,耙斗机出货,绞车运输,扩断面时采用预应力锚杆锚网联合支护后采用混凝土发碹与钢筋混凝土发碹支护。五、控制要素:中心、腰线控制六、重点说明:1、必须严格按照地测给定的中心施工,不得擅自更改。2、反井钻机施工完毕后必须将上仓口用蓖子将反井钻孔盖严,箅子用Ø20的钢筋加工,网格100×100㎜,直径为2200㎜。3、放炮前必须设警戒,放炮警戒如图所示。3第二章支护说明一、支护素砼发碹、钢筋砼发碹三、支护材料素砼强度为C20钢筋砼强度为C30。四、支护质量要求1、素砼强度必须达到C20,钢筋砼强度必须达到C30,钢筋规格严格按要求使用详见配筋图。4第三章施工工艺第一节施工方法一、施工方法煤仓主体工程施工分两段1、仓体直段2、漏斗、仓下口煤仓开口在上仓机头硐室内施工,煤仓下部硐室从主井进入施工。沿煤仓中心线打一Ø1400㎜的反井钻孔,掘进时进行通风、排水、排矸。煤仓采用自上而下,分段扩刷分段发碹的方法进行施工。全断面一次扩刷6.3m后开始自上而下浇注混凝土。施工期间的工具、及材料由油丝绳牵引的自制吊篮来运输。二、施工准备1、测量人员给出中、腰线;2、加工好发碹所需的模板及相关材料;3、编制施工作业规程并向施工人员传达。4、供电:用截面积不小于50mm2的矿用橡套电缆供电至施工地点,并接容量大于200A的终端馈电开关。5、供水、供风:用不小于φ2寸的管道将压水供至施工地点,并安终端阀门,水源确保充足。用不小于φ2寸的管道将压风供至施工地点,并安终端阀门,风源确保充足。6、浇注钻机基础:在上口位置中心基岩石上浇注砼钻机基础,其尺寸为:长×宽×高:2500×3000×200(mm),基础下不得有渣,而且水平有足够的强度,砼强度为C20。7、挖沉淀循环水池:在煤仓上口距离3-5m内挖一容积不小于3m3的沉淀循环水池或使用铁制水池,用200×200(mm)水沟与钻孔相连。8、钻机施工机房:钻机施工地点,轨道面至顶板高度4000mm,顶板中心点周围保证5000×5000mm平整,并在顶板中心点及前后相距300mm处各注Φ18×2200树脂螺纹锚杆一根外露长度80mm-120mm,并保证能够承受8吨以上的拉力,用于起吊钻机和扩孔钻头。同时巷道两边距钻机中心点距离大于1000mm,便于装拆钻杆的操作空间。9、轨道的铺设:钢轨必须铺设平顺,轨道通过导孔并超前4m,轨面超出基础面100mm,由于钻机是靠轨道定位的,因此两钢轨必须对称置于预钻孔两边,此外在钻机车后轮以外钢轨与基础固定(用锚杆与基础固定),并能承受8吨以上的拉力。510、钻机的运输、安装和试运转:1)运输:钻机分为四大部分:即钻机车、泵车、油箱车、钻具和散件,散件需用矿车运输,其它三部分可直接运输。2)安装:钻机到达施工现场后,按现场条件排列好设备,然后按钻孔中心找正钻机位置,保证钻机竖起后的旋转中心与钻孔中心重合,拧紧卡轨器,固定好钻机。3)试运转:钻机安装调好固定后,应全面检查各部件安装是否准确牢固,一切合格后,开动油泵。调节油压并认真观察压力表,主泵0.8—1.2MPa,付泵0.1—0.2MPa,若压力正常,便可反复动作各油缸,运转液压马达,一切无误后便可装上钻杆、钻头进行开孔钻进。4)拆卸:拆卸钻机的步骤与安装钻机的步骤相反。6第二节施工工艺一、反井钻孔施工用LM—150型反井钻机先由上口钻φ240mm先导孔至下口,然后由下口安装φ1400mm扩孔钻头旋转上提切割成孔至上口,完成φ1.2m孔的施工,渣落在下口主井内,用耙斗装岩机装车,运出井外。LM-150型反井钻机技术参数:钻孔深度:23m导孔直径:240mm扩孔直径1400mm转速:慢速8—22转/分、快速15—43转/分钻杆尺寸:直径×长度:176×1000(mm)钻机尺寸:长×宽×高:运输过程:2500×1520×1550工作过程:2900×1520×3700孔偏斜率:小于0.75%电源电压:660V总负荷:55KW+11KW+5.5KW=71.5KW1、开孔钻进:1)操作变速手柄使动力头高速转动。2)升起动力头至最高位置,把事先与短钻杆接上的导孔钻头移入钻架底座孔,并用卡瓦卡住短钻杆的下方扁,将卡瓦座入底座圈。3)将开孔钻杆吊放到机械手上卡住钻杆,升起翻转架将开孔钻杆送入钻架中心。4)启动马达,使动力头正转,接上开孔钻杆,收回翻转架,再换上短接头,提起动力头,取出卡瓦。5)用扶正器将开孔钻杆抱住,并使扶正器外齿圈座入钻架底座内齿圈。6)启动冲洗水泵和冷却水泵,向动力头和冷却器供水。7)调节相应溢流阀以低钻压(小于8MPa)向下钻进。8)开孔3m后,便取下扶正器拆下开孔钻杆,将稳定钻杆和普通钻杆接上进行导孔钻进。2、导孔钻进:1)钻压控制:一般情况下,对于松软地层和过渡地层应采用低钻压,对于硬层和稳定地层以及缓倾斜岩层可采用较高钻压。2)在距钻通10m前,下口中心2m范围必须挑顶,回收原支护锚杆,以防损坏钻头,距贯通3m时,应低压钻进,缓慢贯通。3、扩孔钻进:1)导孔钻透后,在下巷道用链条管子扳手将导孔钻头和短钻杆一同卸下,再接上扩孔钻头。2)调节动力头出轴转速为低速。73)拆去冲洗水管,将从冷却器流出的冷却水直接放入导孔内,以冷却钻头和消尘防爆。4)在扩孔钻头未全部进入钻孔时,为了防止钻头剧烈晃动而损坏刀具,应采用低钻压,待扩孔钻头全部进入孔后,方可正常压力钻进。5)扩孔钻压的大小是根据地层的具体地质状况而定的,一般不宜超过300KN即30T。4.接钻杆1、导孔接钻杆:1)导孔钻进时每钻完一根钻杆后,往上提起钻具200mm,冲洗排渣5—10分钟,然后停水停钻,将下卡瓦卡住钻杆下方扁,操作手柄,使动力头慢转,使下卡瓦的外齿与钻架底座的内齿对正,停止转动,下放动力头使下卡瓦进入内齿圈,并放到钻架底座板上。2)操作手柄,使辅助卸扣装置的棘爪扣住棘轮,然后再操作手柄,使动力头反转和辅助卸扣装置动作,松开钻杆和动力头连接螺纹,一旦卸松则停止转动,收回辅助卸扣装置。3)马达反转,松开钻杆和动力头连接螺纹。4)上升动力水龙头使活动套指示杆处于最高位置,用机械手将待接钻杆送到动力头下,正转动力头拧紧钻杆上下螺纹。5)提起动力头,取出下卡瓦,便可进行导孔钻进。2、扩孔卸钻杆:1)扩孔钻进一根钻杆后停钻,用下卡瓦卡住下一根钻杆的下方扁,并下放动力头,使下卡瓦进入钻架底座内齿圈,并放在钻架底板上。2)操作辅助卸扣装置和马达反转松扣,使钻杆上端丝扣松动。3)上升动力水龙头使活动套指示杆处于最高位置,用上卡瓦卡住待卸钻杆上方扁,下放动力头使上卡瓦进入动力头内齿圈里,操作手柄反转和动作辅助卸扣装置,松开钻杆连接螺纹。4)上升动力头,卸去上卡瓦,操作机械手柄抱住钻杆,马达反转,卸开上端丝扣。5)将动力水龙头升至最高位置,收回翻转架,将钻杆送回钻机平车,并用转盘吊放到钻杆车上。6)在钻杆丝扣上均匀涂抹丝扣油,并拧上防护套。7)下放动力头,使活动套指示杆处于最低位置,马达正转接扣,拧紧钻杆连接螺纹,提
本文标题:井底煤仓施工设计措施
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