环境工程本科毕业论文

AO法印染废水处理工程设计中文摘要印染废水成分复杂、色度高、CODcr高且难降解，对环境造成较大污染。根据以活性染料为主要染料的针织棉布染色废水的特点，印染废水处理一般采用生化-混凝沉淀法、混凝气浮法，化学氧化及活性炭吸附法等，但是这些方法存在运行费用较高、不易管理等缺点。A/O法可提高废水的可生化性，该工艺可行的关键在于高效脱色的水解酸化池的应用，为后续生化处理和处理后达标排放奠定了基础，在该工艺设计中还采用了调节池、水解酸化池、浓缩池和污泥反应池等，并且对各个构筑物都进行了精确的计算。此工艺脱色率可达75%-90%，而对CODcr的去除也可达到60%左右，且运行成本低，易管理，取得了良好的处理效果和经济效益。关键词：印染废水；酸化水解；混凝；脱色Anaerobic-aerobictreatmentofdyeingwastewaterengineeringAbstractThecompositionofdyestuffwastewateriscomplicated.Itschromaticityishigh,CODcrishighandhardtobedegradedbybiochemicaltreatment.Thatiswhyitcausesseriouspollutiontotheenvironment.Anewtreatmentprocessforthereaseofdyeingandprintingwastewaterwhichconsistsofmainlyofactivedyestuffisbroughtforward.Biochemistrycoagulationsedimentation,coagulationgasfloationchemicalloxidationandactivatedcarbonadsorptionaregenerallyused.Buttheoperationcostofthesemethodsisexpensiveandhardtobemanaged.A/Omanyimprovetheresultofthebiochemicaltreatmentofthedyestuffwastewater.Itsetsupthefoundationforthesequentbiochemicaltreatment,forcominguptostandardandforloweringtheoperationcost.Technolgicaldesignincludeadjustedpool,acidification-hydrolyzepoolandconcentrationpoolandeveryconstructioncarryoutexactcalculation.Thedecolorationrateofthedyestuffwastewaterisfome75%～90%,andtheremovalrateofCODcrmayreach60%.Itsmanagementiseasy,andhasobtainedfavorabletreatmenteffectandremarkableeconomicbenefit.Keywords:Dyeingandprintingwastewater；Acidhydrolysis；Flocculation；DecolourationI目录第1章综述....................................................................................................................................11.1棉纺染色废水的来源及水质特性....................................................................................11.1.1退浆废水.................................................................................................................11.1.2煮炼废水.................................................................................................................21.1.3漂白废水.................................................................................................................21.1.4丝光废水.................................................................................................................21.1.5染色废水.................................................................................................................21.1.6印花废水.................................................................................................................21.1.7整理废水.................................................................................................................21.1.8碱减量废水.............................................................................................................21.2印染废水处理的基本方法................................................................................................31.2.1印染废水处理的物理法－吸附法.........................................................................31.2.2印染废水的化学处理法.........................................................................................41.2.3印染废水的生物处理法.........................................................................................41.3设计任务............................................................................................................................6第2章工艺流程选择....................................................................................................................72.1影响流程选择的因素........................................................................................................72.1.1废水处理程度.........................................................................................................72.1.2建设及运行费用.....................................................................................................72.1.3工程施工难易程度.................................................................................................72.1.4当地的自然条件和社会条件.................................................................................72.1.5废水水量.................................................................................................................72.2印染废水处理设计............................................................................................................82.2.1生物接触氧化——混凝沉淀工艺.........................................................................82.2.2表曝——混凝沉淀处理工艺.................................................................................92.2.3水解酸化+A/O+混凝沉淀工艺...........................................................................102.3选择工艺流程..................................................................................................................102.3.1水解酸化法作用机理...........................................................................................102.3.2A/O法的特点.......................................................................................................11第3章设计依据..........................................................................................................................123.1粗格栅和提升泵房.............................................................................................