专题限时检测(二十一)阅读理解之自然类

专题限时检测(二十一)阅读理解之自然类(共3篇，限时23分钟)A(2014·福建省普通高中高考适应性测试)Browncowsmaynotactuallymakechocolatemilk,butpinksilkworms(蚕)doproducepinksilk,ateamofscientistshasdiscovered.Toseeiftheycouldproducepre­dyedsilk—silkthatcomescolored,straightfromthesource—theteamfedordinarysilkwormsmulberry(桑树)leavesthathadbeensprayed(喷洒)withfabric(织物)dyes(染色剂).Outofseventesteddyes,onlyoneworked,producingathreadthatremindedmeofpink­dyedhair.Andyes,thewormsthemselvestakeonsomecolorbeforetheyproducesilk.Theircolorfuldietsdidnotaffecttheirgrowth,theteam,whichincludedengineersandbiologistsfromtheCSIR—NationalChemicalLaboratoryinIndia,reportsinthejournalACSSustainableChemistry&Engineering.(Theresearchersdidn'tlooktoodeeplyintohowthedyesaffectedthesilkworms'health.Afterall,silkwormsdiewhenpeopleharvesttheirsilk.)Theteammadedyeingsilkthiswaybecausecoloringfabricnormallyuseslargeamountsoffreshwater.Thewatergetspollutedwithdangerouschemicalsintheprocess,requiringcostlytreatmentbeforefactoriescansenditbackintowaterways.Dyeingsilkdirectlybyfeedingsilkwormswouldavoidthosewater­washingsteps.Scientistsarejuststartingtostudythisidea.However,itremainstobeseenifit'scommerciallysuccessful.Inthisexperiment,theIndianteamtestedsevendyes,whicharecheapandpopularintheindustry.Thescientistsfounddifferentdyesmovedthroughsilkworms'bodiesdifferently.Somenevermadeitintotheworms'silkatall.Otherscoloredthewormsandtheirsilk,butthecolordisappearsbeforethesilkisturnedintofabric.Onlyonedye,named“directacidfastred”，showedupinthefinal,washedsilkthreads.Bythetimeitmadeitthere,itwasapleasant,lightpink.1．Thetextismostprobablya(n)________．A．sciencereportB．touristguideC．animalexperimentD．fashionadvertisement2．Silkwormscanproducepinksilkbecause________.A．theyarebornpinkB．theyaredyedpinkC．theygrowinpinkwaterD．theyarefeddyedfood3．Wherewastheexperimentcarriedout?A．InAmerica.B．InIndia.C．InIsrael.D．InChina.4．Howmanydyeshavebeenprovedsuccessfulintheexperiment?A．One.B．Three.C．Five.D．Seven.B(2014·重庆沙坪坝区第二次诊断)It'sthebeginningof2014,butasUSATodaysays，“it'snevertooearlytoplanyour2014travels”.Withsomanyhotdestinationsaroundtheglobe,“whereshouldIgo？”canbedifficulttoanswer.AccordingtoLonelyPlanet,though,Brazilisafinechoice—onOct29th,thetravelguidenamedthatcountrythetoponetovisitin2014.“Asifendlesscoastandmountainssplashed(飞溅)withrainforestdidn'talreadyadduptoanunfairshareofheaven,Brazilwillholdtwoofthegreatestsportingeventsintheworld,beginningwiththe2014FIFAWorldCupandfollowedbythe2016SummerOlympics，”explainedLonelyPlanet.Brazilisthelargestandmostpopulous(人口稠密的)countryinSouthAmerica.Itboasts(自豪拥有)theAmazon,theworld'slargestjungle,whichishometoavarietyofplantsandanimals.ButthegreatsceneryisnottheonlythingBrazilianstakepridein.ThecolorsgreenandyellowmightmakemostpeoplethinkofBrazil'ssoccerteamevenmorethanitsnationalflag.SoccerismorethanasportinBrazil;it'sawayoflife.Infact,theWorldCupbringsBrazilianstogether.ItisinterestingtonotethatthegeneralelectionsinBrazilareusuallyheldduringthesameyearastheWorldCup.Politicalpartiestrytotakeadvantageofthepatrioticenthusiasm(爱国热情)createdbysoccertoinspirepoliticalenergy.Alongsidesoccer,sambaisanothersymbolofBrazil.Thecountry'smosttraditionaldanceishighlightedeveryFebruaryattheRioCarnival,whichisoneoftheworld'sbiggest.“Brazilhasleftitssecond­classnationstatus，”saidformerBrazilianpresidentLuizInacioLuladaSilvain2009afterRiodeJaneirowasawardedthe2016Olympics.Brazil'sgrowingeconomy,fueledbyoilandaircraftfactories,hasmadeitmorethanjustanationofsamba,soccerandbeaches.Thesedays,itmightjustbethebesttouristdestinationintheworld.5．WhichisTRUEaboutBrazil?A．Soccerandsambaaretwosymbolsofthecountry.B．ItwillholdtheFIFAWorldCupandtheSummerOlympicsin2016.C．ItisthelargestcountrywiththelongesthistoryinSouthAmerica.D．ItsAmazonistheworld'slargestjungle,Brazilianstakeprideinonly.6.WecantellfromthewordsofLuizInacioLuladaSilvathat________.A．hiscountrywillbethefirstclassnationstatusafterthe2016OlympicsB．hiscountryhasbeenleftbehindbyothersecond­classnationsC．heisconfidentthathiscountryhasdevelopedveryfastD．the2016Olympics,notsambaorsoccer,hasmadehiscountrythefirstclass7.WhichofthefollowingaspectsarementionedaboutBrazilinthearticle?A．Militaryandeconomy.B．Geographyandpopulation.C．Languageandculture.D．Politicsandhistory.8．Theauthor'spurposeinwritingthearticleisto________.A．giveanintroductionofBrazilasatouristdestinationB．provethatLonelyPlanet'srecommendationisrightC．giveanobjectivereviewofBrazilasanationD．explainwhyBrazilwillbeholdingthetwosportingeventsC(2014·重庆高考适应性考试)Somecolorsthatpeopleseelateatnightcouldcausesignsoftheconditionmentalhealthexpertscallclinicaldepression(临床抑郁症).Thatwasthefindingofastudythatbuildsonearlierstudyfindings.Theyshowthatindividualswholiveorworkinlowlevelsoflightovernightcandevelopclinicaldepression.Doctorsusethewordsclinicaldepressiontodescribesevereformofdepression.Signsmayincludelossofinterestorpleasureinmostactivities,lowenergylevelsandthoughtsofdeath.Inthenewstudy,Americaninvestigatorsdesignedanexperimentthatexposedhamsters(仓鼠)todifferentcolors.Theresearcher