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可数名词VS不可数名词一、可数名词单数变复数1.规则变化词形特点构成方法读音例词大多数名词词尾加-s清辅音后读/s/,浊辅音和元音后读/z/cat-catsbag-bagsbee-bees以s/x/ch/sh等结尾词尾加-es读/iz/class-classeswatch-watches以辅音字母+y结尾变y为i再加-es读/iz/family-familiesbaby-babies以f/fe结尾变f/fe为v再加-es读/vz/leaf-leaveswife-wiveslife-livesknife-knives注(1):以元音字母+y结尾的名词变复数直接加-s,例:toy→toys;day→days;boy→boys;key→keys注(2):以字母o结尾的单词,一般名词直接加-s,例:photo→photos;piano→pianos;zoo→zoos;kilo→kilos;radio→radios*但在中学阶段,有三个以o结尾的单词,其后要加-es,例:hero→heroes;potato→potatoes;tomato→tomatoes2.初中阶段不规则变化单词:tooth-teeth;foot-feet;goose-geese;man-men;woman-women;child–children;sheep-sheep;deer-deer;Chinese–Chinese3.复合名词变复数(1)一般的复合名词,只把中心词(一般是第二个名词)变复数:appletree–appletrees;pencilbox–pencilboxes(2)由man和woman构成的复合名词,二者均变复数:mandoctor–mendoctors;womanteacher–womenteachers二、不可数名词指不可以用数目来计算也不可以分成独立个体的名词。1.不可数名词通常包括:物质名词如milk、water、ink…抽象名词如love、peace…2.不可数名词通常只有一种形式,没有单复数之分。三、可数名词与不可数名词的区别1.可数名词前可加不定冠词a/an,不可数名词不能。以辅音音标开头的单数可数名词前加a,如:abook,apen,以元音音标开头的单数可数名词前加an,如:anegg,anhour注:有时a/an后面紧接的不是单数名词,而是a/an+形容词+单数名词的形式。这时判断用a还是an,要看形容词开头字母的发音,而不是看名词。如:aman-anEnglishman,anelephant-ayoungelephant2.可数名词前可直接加数词,不可数名词前需加名词短语修饰。onebook,twobooks,threefactories,ahundredstudents;acupoftea,twocupsoftea,aglassofmilk,twoglassesofmilk3.可数名词表示“一点儿”用afew,“大量”用many:afewapples,manystudents,afewpens,manypencils不可数名词表示“一点儿”用alittle,“大量”用much:alittlewater,muchmilk,alittlemoney,muchmeat但可数名词与不可数名词都可用alotof/lotsof表示很多,都可用some表示一些,如:someapples,somemilk,alotofstudents,lotsofpencils,alotofmilk,lotsofmeat4.提问“有多少”:可数名词用Howmany+可数名词复数+一般疑问句:Howmanybooksdoyouhave?Howmanypencilsarethere?不可数名词用Howmuch+不可数名词+一般疑问句:Howmuchmilkdoyouhave?Howmuchmeatisthere?注:询问价钱,可数名词与不可数名词都用HowmuchHowmuchis+不可数名词/可数名词单数Howmuchare+可数名词复数/两种东西以上Howmuchisyourcoat?Howmuchisthemeat?Howmucharethepotatoes?Howmucharethecoffeeandthetea?
本文标题:七年级可数不可数名词
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