您好,欢迎访问三七文档
当前位置:首页 > 金融/证券 > 综合/其它 > Mba,mpa,mpacc联考英语语法副词
Mba,mpa,mpacc联考英语词汇副词【mba加油站】1.副词的定义副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语或整个句子的词。许多副词,特别是方式副词,多由形容词加句构成,规则如下:2.副词的分类(1)副词按意义可分为1)时间副词,如:表示确定时间的today,tomorrow等,表示非确定时间的already,early,soon,just,still,yet,before,later等。2)地点副词,如:表示方位和方向的ahead,below,upstairs,here,up,left等。3)频度副词,如:表示确定频度的once,twice,monthly等,表示非确定频度的always,frequently,often,sometimes,rarely,ever,never等。4)方式副词,如slowly,warmly,quickly,suddenly等。5)程度副词,如almost,too,enough,fairly,qui饨,still,hardly,very,even,just,only等。(2)副词按功能可分为1)观点副词,用于表示说话人对自己所说的话的态度,如honestly,personally,actually,indeed,maybe等。2)疑问副词,用来引导特殊疑问句或名词性从句,如when,where,why,how等。3)连接副词,用来表示上下文逻辑关系,如howeve,moreover,therefore等。4)关系副词,用来引导定语从句,如when,where,why。(3)副词按构成可分为1)简单副词,由一个单词构成,如here,seldom,hard,possibly,likewise等。2)复合副词,由两个或两个以上的单词构成,如somehow,maybe,together等。3.副词的语法功能副词可以在句中作状语、表语、定语、介词宾语或宾语补足语等。(1)副词作状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语或整个句子,副词还可以修饰名词,用来加强语气。Theywerewarmlytreated.Hermouthwaswideopen.Thebuscamequiteearly.Sheleftshortlyafterthemeeting.Frankly,Idon'tagreewithyou.It'sratherapity.(2)副词作表语作表语的副词主要有表示方位的above,across,inside,upstairs等,表示方向的up,down,on,in,off,out,away等。Classisover.Timeisup.Shewasdownwithafever.Imustbeoffnow.(3)副词作定语作定语时,副词通常放在被修饰的词的后面。Isawhimtheweekbefore.Thiswasmyfrrstdayup.Thebuildingsaroundareofmodemstyle.Imetheronmywayhome.(4)副词作介词或动词的宾语Shelookedeverywherebutlexceptthere.Idon'tknowheruntilquiterecently.lhaven'tseenhimsincethen.Seeabove.(5)副词作宾语补足语。Shefellasleepwiththelightson.Pleaseaskherin.4.副词作状语的位置(1)时间副词作状语的位置一般来说,表示确定的时间副词可以置于句首或句尾;非确定时间副词可以置于句首、句尾、助动词(情态动词)和实义动词之间或be动词之后。YesterdayIhadaphonecallfromMary.(=IhadaphonecallfromMaryyesterday.)Hewillcomebacksoon.(=Soonhewillcomeback.或Hewillsooncomeback.)IwasrecentlyinLondon.(=RecentlyIwasinLondon.或IwasinLondonrecently.)(2)地点副词作状语的位置地点副词通常可以置于句首或句尾。Thechildrenareplayingupstairs.Indoorsitwasniceandwarm.Outsideitwassnowingheavily.(3)频度副词作状语的位置表示确定的频度副词可以置于句首或句尾。非确定频度副词可以置于句首、句尾、助动词(情态动词)和实义动词之间或be动词之后。Ivisithimonceamonth.(=OnceamonthIvisithim.)Youmustalwaystellthetruth.Heoftenwalkstowork.(Oftenhewalkstowork或Hewalkstoworkquite(often.)Heseldomgoestothemovies.(=Seldomdoeshegotothemovies.)Hehasneverbeenlateforwork.(=Neverhashebeenlateforwork.)(4)方式副词作状语的位置方式副词可以置于动词或“动词+宾语”之后,有时也可以置于句首,表示强调。少数方式副词也可以置于主语和动词之间,强调主语。Thegirldancedbeautifully.Helookedatherangrily.(=Helookedangrilyather.)Slowly,heopenedhiseyes.Heansweredthequestionfoolishly.Hefoolishlyansweredthequestion.(=Itwasfoolishofhimtoanswerthequestion.)5.常用副词用法辨析(1)just,justnow1)just表示恰好、只是、刚才与完成时连用表示刚才。Itwasjust7o'c1ock.Sheisjustachild.Theyhavejustleft.2)justnow与一般过去时连用,表示刚才气与现在时连用时表示现在,此刻。Isawhimjustnow.Iambusyjustnow.(2)fairly,rather,quite,pretty这四个词都有相当、颇的意思,语气由弱到强的顺序为fairly→quite→rather→pretty。1)fairly多与褒义词good,well,fine,nice,brave等连用rather与贬义词bad,ugly,stpid,boring等连用时,表示不赞成或不满意,与褒义词连用时,经常含有惊人地的意思。Tomisfairlyclever,butJackisratherstupid.Hedidfairlywellintheexam,butIdidratherbadly.Ididratherwellinthatexam-betterthanIexpected.2)fairly与rather修饰中性词时,可以表示说话人的不同感受或看法。Themilkisfairlyhot.(这牛奶热乎乎的。)Themilkisratherhot.(这牛奶太热了。)3)rather可以与比较级或too连用,fairly,quite,pretty却不能。Thehouseisratherbiggerthanwethought.Thisbookisrathertooeasyforme.4)quite和rather可以置于不定冠词前(后),而f油'ly只能置于不定冠词之后。Itwasquiteaniceday.(=Itwasaquiteniceday.)I'mreadingratheraninterestingbook.(=I'mreadingaratherinterestingbook.)lt'safairlygoodbook.(3)already,yet,still1)already表示某事在此之前或某个特定时间之前发生,常用于肯定句中。用于否定句或疑问句时,already带有惊奇的感情色彩,表示比预期的早或快置于句尾。Ihavealreadydoneit.JuliewasalreadyinbedwhenIreturnedhome.Haveyoufinishedlunchalready?-lt'sonly10.Don'ttellmeyou'vefinisheditalready!2)yet表示某事在某个特定的时间前还没有发生,但预计会在以后发生,主要用于疑问句、否定句。Haveyougottheticketyet?Hehasn'tcomeyet.Areyouready?-No,notyet.3)still表示某个动作一直持续某个特定时间,主要用于肯定句或疑问句。用于否定句时,still要置于主语之后否定词之前,带有惊奇或不耐烦的感情色彩。Maryisstillinhospital.Canyoustillrememberthedaywhenyoufirstmether?A1thoughhefeltill,(yet)shestillwenttowork(=stillhewenttowork).Hestilldidn'tsayaword.Itwasaftermidnight,andhestillwouldn'tleave(=still/yethewouldn'tleave).4)在否定句中或带有否定意义的句子中,still和yet有时可以互换使用。Shewasnotyetsure(=Shestillwasn'tsure)ifshecouldtrusthim.Manhasnotyet(=Manstillhasn't)learnedtostorethesun'sheat.Somespecificproblemsareyet/stilltobesolved.(4)high,highly有些副词具有两种形式:一种与形容词同形,表示具体意义;另一种是形容词后加后缀句,表示抽象或引申意义。high(高高地,在或向高处)→highly(极,非常)hard(猛烈地,努力地)→hardly(几乎不)late(晚、迟)→lately(最近)close(靠近)→closely(细心地,严密地)dead(完全地,极其)→deadly(非常,死一般地)wide(宽阔地,完全地)→widely(广泛地,很大地)near(接近地,附近地)→near1y(几乎,差不多)deep(表示具体深度)→deeply(表示抽象深度,深深地)most(最,很)→mostly(主要地,大多数地)just(只是,刚刚,正好)→justly(公正地)full(直接地,正好)→fully(完全地,彻底地)(5)very,much,verymuch1)修饰原级形容词(副词)或形容词化的现在分词时,要用very。It'sveryniceofyou.Hespeaksveryfast.Thefilmisveryinteresting.2)修饰动词,要用much或verymuch。much用于否定句和疑问句,verymuch还可以用于肯定句。Hedidn'tenjoythefilm(very)much.(=Hedidn't[very]muchenjoythefilm.)Ienjoyedthepartyverymuch.(=Iverymuchenjoyedtheparty.)3)修饰过去分词或afraid,a1ive,aware等表语形容词时,要用much或verymuch。但某些形容词化的过去分词,如delighted,excited,surprised等,也可以用very修饰。Jackwas(very)muchtiredbylongwork.Iwas(very)muchsurprisedatthenews.(=Iwasverysurprisedatthenews.)Iwas(very)muchawareoftheseriousnessofthesituation.4)修饰形容词(副词
本文标题:Mba,mpa,mpacc联考英语语法副词
链接地址:https://www.777doc.com/doc-2882373 .html