2014高考英语文章阅读类2013暑假练习题(19)及答案解析

2014高考英语文章阅读类：2013暑假练习题（19）及答案解析：阅读理解（全部原创）第一节：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。ANowcomeswordfromtheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,anewstudyhasconfirmedthatthericheryouarethelesscompassionateyouareInastudyjustpublishedinthejournalEmotion,psychologistJenniferStellarsoughttodeterminetheempathic（感情移入的）capacitiesofagroupof300collegestudents,whohadbeenhand-selectedformaximumeconomicdiversity.Asarule,collegestudentshavejustoneincomelevel:poor.Stellarthuschosehersubjectsbasedontheincomeofthepeoplewhorespondtotherequestsandwritethechecks:theparents.Inthefirstofthreeexperiments,shehad148ofhersubjectsfilloutreportshowoftentheyexperienceemotionssuchasjoy,love,compassionandhorror.Shealsohadthemagreeordisagreewithstatementslike“Ioftennoticepeoplewhoneedhelp.”Whenthenumbersontheselistswereprocessed,Stellarfoundnomeaningfulpersonalitydifferencesamongthestudentsthatcouldbeattributabletoincomeexceptone:acrosstheboard,thelowerthesubjects’familyincome,thehighertheirscoreoncompassion.Thesecondstudyinvolved64subjectswhowatchedtwovideos—anemotionallyneutralinstructionalvideoonconstructiontechniques,andafarmorechargedonethatinvolvedrealfamiliescopingwithacancer-strickenchild.Again,thesubjectsfilledoutemotionallistsandagaintheyscoredsimilarly.Butthelower-incomevolunteerscontinuedtocomeouthigheronthecompassion-and-empathyscale.Duringthisstudy,Stellaralsousedheartbeatmonitorstodeterminetheirphysicalreactionstothetwovideos.Therewas,notsurprisingly,nodifferenceinheartratewhentheinstructionalvideowasplaying,butwhenthecancerstoriesbegan,theheartbeatsofthelower-incomevolunteersslowednoticeably—acounterintuitive(违反直觉的)signofcaring.Animmediatethreattoourselvesoranothercausesheartratetojump,thebettertosnapintoactiontorespondtothedanger.Anemotionalcrisiscanhavetheoppositephysicaleffectonobservers—helpingthemsettledowntoprovidethequieterattentionthatsimplylisteningandcomfortingrequires.Inthefinalpartofthestudy,106oftheparticipantswerepairedoffandtoldtointervieweachotherasiftheywereapplyingforapositionaslabmanager.Sothatthesubjectswouldhaverealskininthegame,theoneswhoperformedbestintheinterviews—asjudgedbyStellar—wouldwinacashprize.Allofthesubjectsreportedfeelingthesamelevelsofstressoranxietywhentheywerebeinginterviewed,butonlythelower-incomesubjectswerereliablyabletodetectthesamefeelingsintheirpartnerwhentheroleswerereversed.Sodoesthismeantherichreallycan’tfeelthepoor?Alowscoreonthecompassionscaledoesn’tmeanalackofcapacityforthefeeling,Stellarargues.Itmayjustmeanalackofexperienceobserving—andtendingto—thehardshipothers.PerhapsthathelpsexplainwhysomanywealthycollegekidsfindtheirwayintothePeaceCorpsandothervolunteergroups.50.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingstatementistrue?A.Allthesubjectswentthroughallthe3experiments.B.Stellarcarefullychose300collegestudentsaccordingtheirpersonalincomelevel.C.Therichreallylackstheabilitytofeelpityforthepoor.D.Allthe3experimentsprovedthesameresult.51.InStella’sopinion,thelower-incomevolunteers’heartratelowerswhen______________.A.Whentheyarehavingtheirfirstlessoninanewschool.B.Theyaretalkingtosomeonetheyadmiresomuch.[来源:学,科,网Z,X,X,K]C.Theyaretrappedinabuildingsuddenlyonfire.D.Theyfindsomeoneisinjuredinanaccidentontheroad.52.Wecaninferfromthethirdexperimentthat_______________.A.Labmanagerisapositionwithlowincome.B.Thelower-incomesubjectswinthecashprize.C.Theinterviewersarestressedandanxiouswheninterviewingothers.D.Boththeinterviewersandintervieweesknowthefeelingsineachother.53.Theunderlined“acrosstheboard”probablymeans____________.A.applyingtoallB.ontheoppositeC.fromonesidetotheotherD.forinstance54.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.Withoutmoney?That’snotabigdealB.Hatemoney?Thentrytobelow-incomeC.Gotmoney?ThenyoumightlacksympathyD.Toomuchmoney?CometoexperiencehardshipsBParentsdivorced,littleBuddywasinthecareofhismother’slargeAlabamafamily.Overtheyears,Buddyseldomsaweitherofhisparents.Buthewashappywherehewasandhehadmanykindlyrelatives,amongwhomMissSookwasbyfarhisbestfriend.BeforeChristmas,Buddy’sfatherhadmanagedtogetlegalcustody(法定监护)ofhimforthisChristmas.So,hehadanewsuit,withacardpinnedwithhisnameandaddressandmadethetripalone,bybus,toNewOrleans.Severalthingsoccurredthatkeptmeawakethewholenight.First,thefootfalls,thenoiseofmyfatherrunningupanddownthestairs,breathingheavily,Ihadtoseewhathewasupto.SoIhidandwatched.TherewasaChristmastreeandthefireplacedownstairs.Moreover,Icouldseemyfather.Hewascrawlingaroundunderthetreearrangingapyramidofpackages.Ifeltdizzy,forwhatIsawforcedmetoreconsidereverything.Ifthesewerepresentsintendedforme,thenobviouslytheyhadnotbeenorderedbytheLordanddeliveredbySantaClaus;no,theyweregiftsboughtandwrappedbymyfather.WhichmeantthatmyrottenlittlecousinBillyBobandotherrottenkidslikehimweren’tlyingwhentheylaughedatmeandtoldmetherewasnoSantaClaus.Theworstthoughtwas:HadSookknownthetruth,andliedtome?No,Sookwouldneverlietome.Shebelieved.Itwasjustthat—well,thoughshewassixty-something,insomewaysshewasatleastasmuchofachildasIwas.IwaiteduntilIwassurehewasinbedandsoundasleep.ThenIcrept