生物技术进展的社会影响及评价

(,,410128),,./Q-1,,,.,,,,.(NIH)1976,1979,.,,.,,,,.,,,,,,.,,,,,,.,,,,.1.1990,,30,200510[1].6,,,45,.:1996-08-10225Vol.22No.5199610JournalofHunanAgriculturalUniversityOct.19961.5,94%.,,.,.,,.6000,1500.(Brac1,Brac2)P53MCIR(ob).ob.Leptin,.,,.,.20.,,Leptin,,.Leptin,Leptin.Leptin,(Amgen)1.SmithGLP-1,Leptin,[2]..1977,.[3].,..,..,,,.XXg28,.,,D4,D4,[1].,,.,.,,,.,,,,.494199610,,.,,.,PCR.,,.,,,.,,.,,[4].,,,,.,,.,,,.2,,.1985Medison(ADA)(SCID)T,.1991SCID[5],,ADA,.,ADA,ADA,.,.SCIDPEG-ADA,,,ADA.,ADASCID.,.,[5].1992,NIH15P53,,,[6].GeneticTherapy,.TNF.,,,SandozGeneticTherapyMillemiumpharmaceuticalsInc.495225..,.Nathan,,.NIH199090,600,,.,,.,...,,,.3,,,.,,.90,.,1,[6].60[7].,,.,1984,Palmiter,,,,.,.,,.,,.CD59DAF,.,,35.DNA,.,,.,.,,,,[9],.,.,496199610.,[9],.,,,.,,,.,.,,.,5002000,.,,,,.,,.1990,;,(),,.,,,.1983.60.1992,675[11].,,.1987Klein[12](),Ti,,.,,(),(,),,,().1988SmithRNA()RNA,,,.,,..,ACC,,[13].,.,..,,.,,.,.,.,497225,[9].,,,.,,,,.,.,,..Nest,,.(Bt),..Bt,Bt.,.,,..JamesMedison,.,.,90%[14].,,.,,.[15].,,,.,,.[10],.4,,.,,.,.,.,.,,,..,1175,10,63,41,,34.,,498199610,.,[9].,,.1..:,1994.24272..,1996,210(6):1893..,1996,16(1):154..,1994,182(2):1831855,..,1996,6(1):146..,1995-12-197..:,1994.158WilliamDB,MarkDD.ThesituationofbiotechnologyproductioninAmerica.TrendsinBiotechnology,1995,13(11):4634679..,1996-04-1210..,1994,183(3):18118211..:..:,1994.13314112KleinT.Highvelocitymicroprojectilesfordelivingnucleicacidsintolivingcells.Nature,1987,327:707313.ACC.,1995,3(2):284314.1993.,1994-02-0215..,1993,11(8):3336THEINFLUENCEOFTHEADVANCEOFBIOTECHNOLOGYONTHESOCIETYANDITSEVALUATIONZhangHuaiyun(AnimalScience&TechnologyCollege,HNAU,Changsha,410128)ABSTRACTTherecentadvanceofbiotechnologyanditssocialinfluenceandpublicreflec-tionsareanalysed.Itisputforwordthattheadvanceofbiotechnologymustbeobjectivelye-valuatedandsocialregulationsmustbemadetoregulatetheapplicationsofbiotechnology.KEYWORDSbiotechnologysocialinfluenceestimation/socialregulation499225