2007年全国攻读工商管理硕士研究生入学考试英语试题

-1-2007年全国攻读工商管理硕士研究生入学考试英语试题SectionIICloze(10points)Directions:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.Advancingagemeanslosingyourhair,yourwaistlineandyourmemory,right?DanaDenisisjust40yearsold,but21she’sworriedaboutwhatshecalls’myrollingmentalblackouts.””ItrytoremembersomethingandIjustblankout,”shesaysYoumay22abouttheselapses,callingthem“seniormoments”orblamingearlyAlzheimer’s(老年痴呆症).”Isitaninescapablefactthattheolderyouget,the23youremember?Well,sortof.Butastimegoesby,wetendtoblameage24problemsthatarenotnecessarilyage—related.“Whenateenagercan’tfindherkeys,shethinksit'sbecauseshe’sdistractedordisorganized,”saysPaulGold.“A70-year-oldblamesher25.”Infact,the70-year-oldmayhavebeen26thingsfordecades.Inhealthypeople,memorydoesn’tworsenas27asmanyofusthink.“Aswe28,thememorymechanismisn’t29,”sayspsychologistFergusCraik.”It’sjustinefficient.”Thebrain’sprocessing30slowsdownovertheyears,thoughnooneknowsexactly31.Recentresearchsuggeststhatnervecellsloseefficiencyand32there’slessactivityinthebrain.But,cautionsBarryGordon,”It'snotclearthatlessactivityis33.Abeginningathleteiswinded（气喘吁吁）moreeasilythana34athlete.Inthesameway,35thebraingetsmoreskilledatatask,Itexpendslessenergyonit.”Thereare36youcantaketocompensatefornormalslippageinyourmemorygears,thoughit37effort.MargaretSewellsays:”We’reaquick-fixculture,butyouhaveto38tokeepyourbrain.39shape.It’slikehavingagoodbody.YouCan’tgotothegymonceayear40expecttostayintopform.”21.A.almostB.seldomC.alreadyD.never22.A.jokeB.laughC.blameD.criticize23.A.muchB.littleC.moreD.less24.A.sinceB.forC.byD.because25.A.memoryB.mindC.troubleD.health26.A.disorganizingB.misplacingC.puttingD.finding27.A.swiftlyB.frequentlyC.timelyD.quickly28.A.matureB.advanceC.ageD.grow29.A.brokenB.poorC.perfectD.working30.A.patternB.timeC.spaceD.information31.A.whyB.howC.whatD.when32.A.sinceB.henceC.thatD.although-2-SectionIIIReadingcomprehension(40points)Directions:Readthefollowingfourpassages.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachpassagebychoosingA,B,CandD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.PassageOnePriortothe20thcentury,manylanguageswithsmallnumbersofspeakerssurvivedforcenturies.Theincreasinglyinterconnectedmodernworldmakesitmuchmoredifficultforsmalllanguagecommunitiestoliveinrelativeisolation,akeyfactorinlanguagemaintenanceandpreservation.Itremainstobeseenwhethertheworldcanmaintainitslinguisticandculturaldiversityinthecenturiesahead.Manypowerfulforcesappeartoworkagainstit:populationgrowth,whichpushesmigrantpopulationsintotheworld’slastisolatedlocations;masstourism;globaltelecommunicationsandmassmedia;andthespreadofgiganticglobalcorporations.Alloftheseforcesappeartosignifyafutureinwhichthelanguageofadvertising,popularculture,andconsumerproductsbecomesimilar.AlreadyEnglishandafewothermajortongueshaveemergedasgloballanguagesofcommerceandcommunication.Formanyoftheworld’speoples,learningoneoftheselanguagesisviewedasthekeytoeducation,economicopportunity,andabetterwayoflife.Onlyabout3,000languagesnowinuseareexpectedtosurvivethecomingcentury.Aremostoftherestdoomedinthecenturyafterthat?Whethermostoftheselanguagessurvivewillprobablydependonhowstronglyculturalgroupswishtokeeptheiridentityalivethroughanativelanguage.Todosowillrequireanemphasisonbilingualism（masteryoftwolanguages）.Bilingualspeakerscouldusetheirownlanguageinsmallerspheres---athome,amongfriends,incommunitysettings---andagloballanguageatwork,indealingswithgovernment,andincommercialspheres.Inthisway,manysmalllanguagescouldsustaintheirculturalandlinguisticintegrityalongsidegloballanguages,ratherthanyieldtothehomogenizing（同化的）forcesofglobalization.Ironically,thetrendoftechnologicalinnovationthathasthreatenedminoritylanguagescouldalsohelpsavethem.Forexample,someexpertspredictthatcomputersoftwaretranslationtoolswillonedaypermitminoritylanguage33.A.irregularB.betterC.normalD.worse34.A.famousB.seniorC.popularD.trained35.A.asB.tillC.thoughD.yet36.A.stagesB.stepsC.advantagesD.purposes37.A.makesB.takesC.doesD.spends38.A.restB.comeC.workD.study39.A.toB.forC.onD.in40.A.soB.orC.andD.if-3-speakerstobrowsetheInternetusingtheirnativetongues.Linguistsarecurrentlyusingcomputer—aidedlearningtoolstoteachavarietyofthreatenedlanguages.Formanyendangeredlanguages,thelinebetweenrevivalanddeathisextremelythin.Languageisremarkablyresilient（有活力的）,however.Itisnotjustatoolforcommunicating,butalsoapowerfulwayofseparatingdifferentgroups,orofdemonstratinggroupidentity.Manyindigenous（原生的,土著的）communitieshaveshownthatitispossibletoliveinthemodernworldwhilereclaimingtheiruniqueidentitiesthroughlanguage.41.Minoritylanguagescanbebestpreservedin__________.A.anincreasinglyinterconnectedworldB.maintainingsmallnumbersofspeakersC.relativelyisolatedlanguagecommunitiesD.followingthetraditionofthe20thcentury42.AccordingtoParagraph2,thattheworldcanmaintainitslinguisticdiversityinthefutureis_______.A.uncertainB.unrealisticC.foreseeableD.definite43.Accordingtotheauthor,bilingualismcanhelp_________.A.smalllanguagesbecomeacceptableinworkplacesB.homogenizetheworld’slanguagesa