2012年中考英语语法考点知识复习15

学而思网校反意疑问句反意疑问句是由两部分组成的，前一部分是对事物的陈述（即陈述句），后一部分是简短的提问（即简短疑问句），中间用逗号隔开。如果前一部分用肯定句，后一部分就用否定疑问句；如果前一部分用否定句，后一部分就用肯定疑问句。两部分的人称和时态要一致。其回答是用yes或no来表示。一、含be(is,are,was,were)动词的反意疑问句其句型是：句型1:主语+be+其它，isn’t(aren’t,wasn’t,weren’t)+主语?句型2:主语+benot+其它，is(are,was,were)+主语?①YouarefromAmerica,aren’tyou?Yes,Iam.No,I’mnot.②Itisn’tverycoldtoday,isit?Yes,itis.No,itisn’t.③Tomwasawayyesterday,wasn’the?Yes,hewas.No,hewasn’t.④TheGreenweren’tathomelastnight,werethey?Yes,theywere.No,theyweren’t.⑤MaryisreadingEnglishnow,isn’tshe?Yes,sheis.No,sheisn’t.⑥Yourparentsaren’tgoingtohaveapartythisSunday,arethey?Yes,theyare.No,theyaren’t.⑦Thegirlsweresingingwhentheteachercamein,weren’tthey?Yes,theywere.No,theyweren’t.注意：Therebe句型①Thereisanoldpictureonthewall,isn’tthere?Yes,thereis.No,thereisn’t.②Therearen’tanychildrenintheroom,arethere?学而思网校’t.③Therewasn’tatelephonecallforme,wasthere?Yes,therewas.No,therewasn’t.④Therewereenoughpeopletopickapples,weren’tthere?Yes,therewere.Nothereweren’t.二、行为动词的一般现在时的反意疑问句其句型是：句型1:主语+动词原形+其它，don’tI(you,we,they)?句型2:主语+don’t+动词原形+其它，doI(you,we,they)?句型3:主语+动词第三人称单数+其它，doesn’the(she,it)?句型4:主语+doesn’t+动词原形+其它，doeshe(she,it)?①YouoftenwatchTVintheevening,don’tyou?Yes,Ido.No,Idon’t.②Thestudentsdon’tstudyhard,dothey?Yes,theydo.No,theydon’t.③MarystudiesChinesehard,doesn’tshe?Yes,shedoes.No,shedoesn’t.④Theboydoesn’toftengotoschoolbybike,doeshe?Yes,hedoes.No,hedoesn’t.⑤Thefirstclassbeginsateight,doesn’tit?Yes,itdoes.No,itdoesn’t.三、行为动词的一般过去时的反意疑问句其句型是：句型1:主语+动词过去式+其它，didn’t+主语?句型2:主语+didn’t+动词原形+其它，did+主语?①YouwatchedTVlastnight,didn’tyou?Yes,Idid.No,Ididn’t.②Jim’sparentsdidn’tgotoHongKonglastmonth,didthey?Yes,theydid.No,theydidn’t.学而思网校③Therainstopped,didn’tit?Yes,itdid.No,itdidn’t.④Mr.Clarkedidn’tbuyacar,didn’the?Yes,hedid.No,hedidn’t.四、一般将来时的反意疑问句其句型是：句型1:主语+will+动词原形+其它，won’t+主语?句型2:主语+won’t+动词原形+其它，will+主语?①Theboyswillplaygames,won’tthey?Yes,theywill.No,theywon’t.②Itwon’tstopraining,willit?Yes,itwill.No,itwon’t.③Mr.Smithwillvisitourschoolnextweek,won’the?Yes,hewill.No,hewon’t.注意：Therebe句型的一般将来时①Therewillbeabasketballmatchtomorrow,won’tthere?Yes,therewill.No,therewon’t.②Therewon’tbetoomuchpollutioninthefuture,willthere?Yes,therewill.No,therewon’t.五、现在完成时的反意疑问句其句型是：句型1:主语+have+动词过去分词+其它，haven’t+主语?句型2:主语+haven’t+动词过去分词+其它，have+主语?句型3:主语+has+动词过去分词+其它，hasn’t+主语?句型4:主语+hasn’t+动词过去分词+其它，has+主语?①YouhavebeentoShanghaibefore,haven’tyou?YesIhave.No,Ihaven’t.②Youhaven’tbeentoShanghaibefore,haveyou?YesIhave.No,Ihaven’t.③Jackhasdonehishomework,hasn’the?Yes,hehas.No,hehasn’t.④Jackhasn’tdonehishomework,hashe?Yes,hehas.No,hehasn’t.学而思网校六、现在完成进行时的反意疑问句其句型是：句型1:主语+havebeen+动词现在分词+其它，haven’t+主语?句型2:主语+haven’tbeen+动词现在分词+其它，have+主语?句型3:主语+hasbeen+动词现在分词+其它，hasn’t+主语?句型4:主语+hasn’tbeen+动词现在分词+其它，has+主语?①Youhavebeenskatingforfivehours,haven’tyou?Yes,Ihave.No,Ihaven’t.②Youhaven’tbeenskatingforfivehours,haveyou?Yes,Ihave.No,Ihaven’t.③Bobhasbeencollectingkitessince1999,hasn’the?Yes,hehas.No,hehasn’t.④Bobhasn’tbeencollectingkitessince1999,hashe?Yes,hehas.No,hehasn’t.七、含有情态动词的反意疑问句其句型是：句型1:主语+情态动词+动词原形+其它，情态动词否定形式+主语?句型2:主语+情态动词否定形式+动词原形+其它，情态动词+主语?①YoucanspeakFrench,can’tyou?Yes,Ican.No,Ican’t.②Theycan’tunderstandme,canthey?Yes,theycan.No,theycan’t.③Anncouldswimwhenshewassix,couldn’tshe?Yes,shecould.No,shecouldn’t.④Thestudentsmuststudyhard,mustn’tthey?Yes,theymust.No,theyneedn’t.注意：Youmustgohomenow,needn’tyou?Yes,Imust.No,Ineedn’t.★值得注意的是有时英语的谓语动词并不用否定式（即没加上not），而是用上了“never,little,few,hardly,nothing,nobody”等词，这时该陈述句也属于否定句，因此，反意疑问句的后半部分应用肯定疑问式。①YouhaveneverbeentoBeijing,haveyou?Yes,Ihave.No,Ihaven’t.②Mr.Fathasfewfriendshere,doeshe?Yes,hedoes.No,hedoesn’t.③Thereislittlemilkinthebottle,isthere?Yes,thereis.No,thereisn’t.学而思网校④Hecoulddonothing,couldhe?Yes,hecould.No,hecouldn’t.八、祈使句用于反意疑问句中这种类型较特殊，前一部分是祈使句，后一部分是肯定疑问形式。回答也较灵活。句型1:Letme+动词原形+其它，shallI?Letmeopenthedoor,shallI?Yes,please.No,thanks.句型2:Let’s+动词原形+其它，shallwe?Let’sgoforawalk,shallwe?Goodidea!Sorry,Ican’t.句型3:其它形式的祈使句，willyou?Comeintotheclassroom,willyou?OK.反意疑问句综述反意疑问句提出情况或看法，问对方同不同意，这种问句都由两部分组成，前一部分用陈述句的形式，后一部分是一个附着在前一部分上的简短问句。1．一般情况下，如陈述句中含有助动词、情态动词或系动词be,则在附加疑问句中应重复此助动词、情态动词或系动词be,问句中的主语应与前面陈述句的主语同指一个(些)人或物。如：Hehasfinishedhishomework,hasn’the?学而思网校’tswim,canshe?Maryisacollegestudent,isn’tshe?2．如陈述句部分中谓语动词仅为实义动词。则应借助于助动词do的适当形式引导问句。附加疑问句部分的主语与陈述句的主语一致。如：Youwenthomeyesterday,didn’tyou?Helikesplayingbasketball,doesn’the?3．如陈述句部分是I引导的主系表结构组成，附加疑问句部分的主语仍用第一人称单数，但谓语动词应用are的某种形式，一般不用am。如：I’mateacher,aren’tI/ain’tI?4．若陈述句部分为祈使句，则附加疑问句部分中用willyou或won’tyou。如：Bequick,won’tyou/willyou?Letushavearest,willyou/won’tyou?但如陈述句部分为否定祈使句，附加疑问句部分用willyou。如：Don’tsmokehere,willyou?Don’tmakesomushnoise,willyou?如果陈述句部分为let’s开头的祈使句，附加疑问句部分用“shallwe?”。如：Let’sstophere,shallwe?5．如陈述句部分含有hardly,seldom,never,little,few,never等否定意义的词时，附加疑问句部分要用肯定形式。如：Hehardlyraisedhishead,didhe?Sheisneverhereontime,isshe？6．如陈述句部分的主语为nothing,nobody,none,noone等含有否定意义的不定代词时，附加疑问句部分用肯定形式。如：学而思网校