电动汽车中电动轮分析及优化设计

三峡大学硕士学位论文电动汽车中电动轮分析及优化设计姓名：王姣菊申请学位级别：硕士专业：机械制造及其自动化指导教师：汤双清20090501IIIIIAbstractWiththeincreasingshortageofenergyresourcesandthegraduallyincreasingawarenessofenvironmentalprotection,thedominantpositionoffuelengineatmodernvehicledynamicsystemshasgraduallybeenshaken.Inaddition,people'sattentionischangingtoavoidtheoccurrenceofpollutiontodayfrompollutiontreatmentinthepast.Atpresent,electriccarsaremoreandmorewelcomedbythepeopleastheonlykindofmotorvehiclewhichcanachievezero-emission.ThetechnologyofElectric-wheelasanimportantdirectionofelectricvehiclereceivesmoreandmoreconcernwithitsuniquetechnicaladvantages.Thispaperismainlyaboutperformanceoptimizationandstructuraloptimizationofelectric-wheel.Onthebasisofanalysisonthestructureofelectrical-wheel,wesummarizethedesignmethodofelectric-wheelandbuildthedesignevaluationsystem;Furthermorewehavedeterminedthetypeofdrivemotoranddeceleratingmechanismofelectric-wheelandsetupasimplematchingdesignprocessofelectric-wheeldrivesubsystem;Duringtheprocessofstudyontheperformanceoptimizationandstructuraloptimizationofelectric-wheeldrivesubsystem,fueleconomyoptimizationmodelofelectric-wheeldrivingmotorandmulti-objectiveoptimizationmodeloftheminimumofvolumeandaxialdimensionofwheel-sidedecelerationmechanismaresetup.Afterthetheoreticalanalysis,wehavecarriedoutamatchingdesignofthedrivemotorandthereductionratiofromthevehicleparametersandperformancerequirementswithaconcreteexample,forwhichtheperformanceoptimizationandstructuraloptimizationofitsdrivesubsystemisdone.Withtheuseoftheelectric-wheeldesignevaluationmethodforthedesignprogrambeforeoptimizationandafteroptimization,resultsshowthattheoptimizedelectric-wheelprogramhasgoodcomprehensiveperformances.Also,itprovesnecessaryandeffectivetousetheoptimizationdesignmethodintheprocessofelectric-wheeldesign.Keywords:Electric-WheelDrivingMotorWheel-SideDeceleratingMechanismOptimizationDesignI142%24%1873EVElectricVehicle90211.11.1.120-30Kg206070100[1]8010032%2182090280t350400t[2][3-8]123345[9]1990919982%20015%200310%[10]2004902010[11]200320002005316020105669202013103202020%1.1.24[12,13]12341.21.2.12050Robert[14]1.11968[15]1.2[16]1.1Robert1.25[17-26]271991IZA1.3Ni-Cd6.8kW25kW176km/h40km/h548km1996ECO6.8kW,20kW,2001848KAZ6.7m1.95m1.68m3950kg81.6311km/hKAZ55kWKAZ0-100km/h8100km/h300kmKAZ4.588KAZ1.4-1.5[1720]1.3IAZ1.4KAZ1.5KAZ61.6KAZ2004Eliica[28]85m2m2400kg581.70-100km/h4.2,160km/h7370km/h400km/h2001MarchUOTElectricMarch36kW77Nm5[20]1.7Eliica1.8[29]+1.820000rpm102000rpm600Nm25kg90%0-100km/h3s177km/hTechnologiesM4TM471.91.1080kW670Nm1385rpm18.5kW950rpm96.3%[21]1.9TM41.10TM41.11AuroraAurora1.1172km/h2001Autonomy2005Sequel500kmQuark102.2Nm,0-48km/h6.5sR-zero800V0-100km/h2.9sEcornerMINIQED,750Nm,0-100km/h4.4s[20]1.2.219901.1287.5kW264V3-530-50kgm120km/h[30-32]1999EV96-1[3334]1.136.8kW15kW1.121.131.14200220031.14E-touringCar22kw0.55kW[3536]1.31491720405060G.B.Dantzig1947H.W.KuhnhA.W.Tucker1951R.Bellman1951[3738]506060[39]CAD1.410ADVISOR1122.12.1a4000r/min-20000r/min2.1b121.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.2.12.2[40]2.2132.22.2.111422.2.2TM4152.2.32.2.4162.32.32.3172.3.12.3.1.14110mmmmp++=2.1mkg0mpmKg651mKg105−Kg1510−moη2.3.1.2[41]2.156%~66%34%~44%47%~60%40%~53%38%~50%50%~62%40%~46%54%~60%51%~56%44%~49%45%~50%50%~55%2.3.1.370-100km/h90-150km/h110-200km/h130km/h2m/s2-10m/s22.3.1.4182.3.22.3.2.12.3.2.24000-10000rpm2000rpm2.3.32.3.4GB12676-1999192.3.5PASTADVISORPSATArgonneADVISORNRELMatlabSimulink2.42.42.4.12.420,112232.4.221()2.5...)3,2,1(1112=××=iabcciiii2.2b21b21b22b22b31b31b32b32b11b11b12b12a11a11a12a12c21c21c22c22c41c41c42c42c11c11c12c12c51c51c52c52``c61c61c62c62c31c31c32c322.52.4.3[42]2210502.22.20123456789101001234551Z[]nzzzzZ......321=2.32G[]ngggG......21=2.41≤ig∑=⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅==niinig1,2,1,13105234Wmn==mnmimminiiiininini===minimnmimminiiiininiTRRRRgggg==Λ22112.76Rj2.52433.1,,123435355673.225[4344]121200015000r/min,,,,,,,,,,,,,3[45]13.1262P=243.123.1ABCV1V2V33.13.223.13.23.2(aV1V2V3A-A3.2aFaA-A120V2V1V3A-AB-B3.2b120V3V1V2B-BC-C3.2c1203.2d3,,,27,,4SRSRD15000r/min85%-93%/3.1[4647]3.1r/min4000-60009000-150004000-1500015000//283.33.3.111/2-1/6230.97-0.992943.3.2JB1799-76[48]NWGNGWNWNNWWNGWNNGWNGW3.31233.3aZbZcZH31HcHacHcHHacHcacaHiωωωωωωωωωωωωωω−−−=−−+−=−−=13.130acHcHaZZ−=−−ωωωω,accaHZZi+=13.22caHaHcaHaHHcaHacacHZZi+=−−−=−−+−=−−=11ωωωωωωωωωωωωωω3.310caZZ21acHi3acHcHaHacZZi−=−−=ωωωω3.43.43.4.1[49]3.431∑=FFt3.5FtF3.4TtF0FtFtrTFtt=3.6TtritTtqttqtiTTη=3.7:riTFttqtη=3.8:jiwfFFFFF∑+++=3.9FfFwFiFj1Ff32WfFf=3.10Wf2221rDwuACFρ=3.11CDA42..2258.1−=msNρururuauakm/hAm2N15.212aDwAuCF=3.123αsinGFi=3.13Ish===ααtansin4dtdumFjδ=3.14222111RiImRImtfWηδ++=∑3.15IWIfmdu/dtdtdumAuCGWfFaDδα+++=∑15.21sin23.16PePePfPwPiPj)(1jiwftePPPPP+++=η3.1733))(36007614036003600(13kwdtdumuAuCIGuWfuPaaDaateδη+++=3.183.4.2[50])761403600(13maxmaxAuCGfuPDtu+=η3.19)3600sin761403