国内非政府组织发展的经验、问题与对策 论文

国内非政府组织发展的经验、问题与对策摘要本文以国外非政府组织理论为视角，分析了我国非政府组织发展存在的问题，并予以梳理，对我国非政府组织未来发展提供对策。论文首先介绍了该论题的研究背景、意义、思路和方法，并概述国内外对非政府组织存在的原因和发展困境等相关研究的进展情况。接着对非政府组织的概念、基本特征等一般理论进行了梳理，并分析了非政府组织的作用和发展现状，并以新公共管理理论、治理理论、公共选择理论为依据，运用文献分析法、比较分析法与案例研究法对我国非政府组织面临的困境及对策研究进行了比较详尽的分析和探讨。我国非政府组织面临的外部制度困境主要包括非政府组织法律体系有待改进与完善，政府控制型管理取向亟待转变这两方面。自身缺陷困境主要包括非政府组织功能定位不明晰，资源不充沛，自律机制不健全，行为不规范，整体发展不平衡这五个方面。关键词：非政府；法制；发展ThedevelopmentofngoinChinaexperiences,problemsandcountermeasuresAbstractIntheperspectiveofforeignnon-governmentalorganizationtheory,thispaperanalyzedtheexistingproblemsinthedevelopmentofnon-governmentalorganizationsinourcountry,andcomb,toprovidecountermeasuresforfuturedevelopmentofChinanon-governmentalorganizations.Paperfirstintroducedthethesisresearchbackground,significance,ideasandmethods,andoutlineforthereasonsoftheexistenceofnon-governmentalorganizationsathomeandabroadanddevelopmentdilemmaoftheprogressofrelatedresearch.Thentheconceptofnon-governmentalorganizations,andgeneralizesthebasiccharacteristicssuchasgeneraltheory,andanalyzestheroleofngosandthedevelopmentpresentsituation,andusingthenewpublicmanagementtheory,governancetheory,publicchoicetheoryasthebasis,usingliteratureanalysis,comparativeanalysisandcasestudymethodtotheplightofthenon-governmentalorganizationsinourcountryandthecountermeasuresresearchtocomparethedetailedanalysisanddiscussion.Thepredicamentofexternalsysteminthenon-governmentalorganizationsinourcountrymainlyincludenon-governmentalorganizationneedstoimproveandperfectlegalsystem,governmentcontrollingmanagementorientationtochangethesetwoaspects.Itselfdefectsincludingngosfunctionorientationisnotclear,theresourceisnotabundant,self-disciplinemechanismisnotsound,thebehaviorisnotstandard,overalldevelopmentisnotbalancedthesefiveaspects.Keywords:non-governmental;Theruleoflaw;development目录引言......................................................................................................................1一、国外非政府组织理论分析............................................................................1（一）公民社会理论....................................................................................1（二）市场失灵理论....................................................................................1（三）契约失灵理论....................................................................................2（四）第三方管理理论................................................................................2二、非政府组织概述............................................................................................2（一）非政府组织概念................................................................................2（二）我国非政府组织分类........................................................................31、法定非政府组织..............................................................................32、草根非政府组织..............................................................................33、准非政府组织..................................................................................4（三）我国非政府组织功能........................................................................41、分担政府责任，为社会提供公益服务..........................................42、提高公民参与社会事务的水平......................................................43、提高公共产品的供给效率..............................................................54、稳定社会..........................................................................................5三、我国非政府组织面临问题............................................................................5（一）非政府组织法律体系不完善............................................................5（二）非政府组织资源不充沛....................................................................6（三）非政府组织自律机制不健全............................................................7（四）非政府组织行为不规范....................................................................7（五）非政府组织发展不平衡....................................................................71、城乡发展不平衡..............................................................................72、东西部发展不平衡，内地和沿海发展不平衡..............................83、非政府组组织参与的领域不平衡..................................................8四、促进我国非政府组织发展对策....................................................................8（一）完善非政府组织制度体系................................................................8（二）扩大资金来源....................................................................................8（三）构建自律机制....................................................................................91、建立内容翔实的组织章程，并在章程规定的范围内依法开展活动....................................................................................................................92、加强诚信建设，建立诚信记录和评估制度..................................93、加强人员教育培训..........................................................................9（四）引入企业管理方式..........................................................................10结论....................................................................................................................10参考文献..............................................................................................................101引言20世纪70年代以来，全世界出现了一股汹涌