小升初英语专项十：祈使句-感叹句-there-be句型

第1页小升初英语专项十：祈使句、感叹句和therebe句型一、知识点回顾1.祈使句概念：表示命令、警告、提醒、建议、请求、叮嘱、号召等，谓语动词用原形。主语you通常省略，句末用感叹号或句号。肯定结构：Goandwashyourhands.（去洗你的手。——命令）Bequiet,please.（Pleasebequiet.）（请安静。——请求）Let’sgohome.(让我们回家吧。——建议)否定结构：（1）Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加don't构成：Eg:Don'tgoataredlight!不要忘记我！Don'tbelateforschool!上学不要迟到！（2）Let型的否定式有两种：“Don't+let+宾语+动词原形+其它成分”和“Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其它成分”。Eg:Don'tlethimgo./Lethimnotgo.别让他走。（3）有些可用no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。如：Nosmoking!禁止吸烟！Nofishing!禁止钓鱼！小试牛刀：将下列祈使句改成否定句。(1)Let’sflykitesnow.____________________________________________________________________(2)Lethimstayathomealone.____________________________________________________________________2.感叹句概念：表示喜怒哀乐等强烈情感的句子。一般以what或how引导。(1)what引导的感叹句（主要修饰名词）①What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+（主语+谓语）！E.g:Whatalovelydogitis!②What+形容词+可数名词复数+（主语+谓语）！E.g:Whatlovelydogstheyare!③What+形容词+不可数名词+（主语+谓语）！E.g:Whatcleanwateritis!(2)how引导的感叹句（主要修饰形容词或副词）第2页How+形容词/副词+（主语+谓语）！E.g:Howfastheruns!有关感叹句的选择题或填空题————做题方法(1)先找主语和谓语（一般先确定谓语动词）有名词①可数名词单数——whata/an(2)再看主语前有无名词②可数名词复数③不可数名词what无名词———how小试牛刀：用what或how填空。(1)____________agoodboy!(2)____________goodtheboyis!把一个句子改写为感叹句————做题方法E.g：Heisaverycleverboy.(1)一断：从谓语后面把句子分成两半。例句即Heis后面断开(2)二倒：把断开的主谓放在名词后面。例句即变为：averycleverboy.Heis(3)三去：考虑到感叹句翻译时会有“多么，如此之类加强语气的附带词汇”，所以应去掉句子中有类似意思的单词（so,very,too,quite）以避免语义重复。例句即变为：acleverboy.Heis(4)四加：根据做填空题的方法，加上相应引导词，调整单词字母大小写以及标点。例句即变为：Whatacleverboyheis!注意：时间地点等放在句子原来的位置。E.g:Sheissobusyathomeontheweekend.Howbusysheisathomeontheweekend!小试牛刀：把下列句子改为感叹句。Theyarestrongtigers.____________________________________________________________________3.Therebe句型(1)就近原则①____________________________________________________________________②____________________________________________________________________(2)Therebe句型一般疑问句，回答不需要代词。____________________________________________________________________第3页(3)Therebe句型特殊疑问句①对名词提问：Whatis/was+地点+其他成分？E.g.Thereisapictureonthewall.(对划线部分提问)____________________________________________________________________②对名词的数量提问：Howmany+名词复数形式+are/werethere+其他成分？E.g.Thereweretwoeggsontheplatejustnow.(对划线部分提问)____________________________________________________________________二、典型例题和易错题(一)用what/whata/an或how填空。1.__________nicebookitis!2.__________fastshecanrun!3.__________beautifulschoolitis!4.__________luckyyourbrotheris!5__________wetgrassitis!6.__________niceherdogis!7.__________hotwateritis!8.__________sweetthegrapesare!9.__________tallmentheyare!(二)连词成句。1.here,come,and,the,blackboard,clean.____________________________________________________________________2.to,listen,me,carefully,please.____________________________________________________________________3.let,them,don’t,play,the,along,river.____________________________________________________________________4.anyone,don’t,let,in,come.____________________________________________________________________5.up,hurry,or,be,you’ll,late.____________________________________________________________________(三)将下列祈使句改为否定句。1.Let’swatchTVaftersupper.____________________________________________________________________2.Putonyournewshoes.____________________________________________________________________3.Letthedogstayinthecage.第4页____________________________________________________________________(四)将下列祈使句改成肯定句。1.Don’tfeedthebird.____________________________________________________________________2.Let’snottalkaboutthemovie.____________________________________________________________________3.Don’tletheropenthewindow.____________________________________________________________________(五)用祈使句改写下列句子，并保持意思不变。1.Youmustn’teatordrinkinclass.____________________________________________________________________2.Youmustfollowtheschoolrulesatschool.____________________________________________________________________3.Don’twalkonthegrass.____________________________________________________________________三、巩固提高(一)选择题。()1.__________methebook,please.A.passB.PassingC.Topass()2._________makeanynoise.Theyarehavinganexam.A.NotB.NoC.Don't()3.Let's___________campingthisweekend.A.goB.goingC.togo()4._______lethim________computergames.It'sbadforhiseyes,A.Not,playB.Don't,playC.No,playing()5.__________withfire.It'sdangerous.A.Don'tplayB.PlayC.Notplaying()6.Jack,___________apaperplaneformenow.A.makesB.makeC.ismaking()7.Dad,__________athome.A.doesn'tsmokeB.isn'tsmokingC.don'tsmoke第5页()8.Let's__________blowbubblesathome.A.don'tB.notC.no()9.Pleasegowithus,___________A.don'tyouB.willyouC.won’tyou()10.Letmehelpyou,___________A.won'tyouB.willyouC.willI()11.Let'stakeawalk,___________A.shallweB.willyouC.won’tyou()12.Workhard,___________youcan’tpasstheexam.A.AndB.butC.or()13.Gostraightahead,__________youwillseethebank.A.AndB.butC.or()14.Putonyourcoat,_________youwillcatchacold.A.soB.orC.and()15.Readmore,__________youwillknowalot.A.andB.soC.or(二)用therebe的正确形式填空。1.____________abottleofcokeonthetable.2.What'sinthebottle?一______________someluckystars._________anysweetsinit,too?一No,______________3.一Howmanystudents_____________inthelibrary?-_____________fifty.4._____________somewaterinthebottle.5._____________