种植密度对烤烟不同部位叶片光合特性及其同化积累的影响

作物学报ACTAAGRONOMICASINICA2009,35(12):2288−2295:[e-mail](2006AA201C73)*(Correspondingauthor):,E-mail:[e-mail]:E-mail:[e-mail];Tel:[phone]Received():2009-05-15;Accepted(:2009-07-21.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2009.02288种植密度对烤烟不同部位叶片光合特性及其同化物积累的影响王瑞1刘国顺1,*倪国仕2毕庆文3杨林波3甄才红11,450002;2,445500;3,430051:87,4(16665151501387512825hm−2)3,(Pn)(60d),3Pn,,12825hm−2,3“”;“”;“”15150hm−2,,,,:;;;;EffectsofPlantingDensityonPhotosyntheticCharacteristicsandAssimilateAccumulationofLeavesinDifferentPositionsinFlue-CuredTobaccoWANGRui1,LIUGuo-Shun1,*,NIGuo-Shi2,BIQing-Wen3,YANGLi-Bo3,andZHENCai-Hong11NationalTobaccoCultivationPhysiologyBiochemistryResearchCenter,HenanAgriculturalUniversity,Zhengzhou450002,China;2TobaccoCompanyinEnshiPrefecture,Enshi445500,China;3HubeiTobaccoIndustryLimitedLiabilityCompany,Wuhan430051,ChinaAbstract:Theleavesinthreepositions(leaf5,11,17frombottomtotop)offlue-curedtobaccoYunyan87withfourplantingdensities(16665,15150,13875,and12825plantsha−1)weretestedinthefieldexperimentinLiangfengVillage,XuanenCounty,Chinain2008.Theresultsindicatedthatthenetphotosyntheticrate(Pn),specificleafweightandcarbohydratecontentexhibitedsignificantdifferenceundervariousplantingdensitiesinmatureperiod(60daysaftertransplanting),andtheimpactofplantdensityincreasedintheprocessofleafdevelopment.Withthedecreaseofplantingdensity,thedeclinerateofPnwasre-duced,photosyntheticfunctiondeclinewasdelayed,andtheaccumulatingtimeofassimilationwasprolonged.Thelowerleafdidnotappearphotosyntheticmiddaydepressionunderthreeplantingdensitiesexceptunderthelowestdensity(12825plantsha−1).Theupperleafappearedphotosyntheticmiddaydepressionunderalltheplantingdensities.Degreeofphotosyntheticmiddayde-pressionforthemiddleleafwaslightenedunderlowerdensities.Underplantingdensityof15150plantsha−1,themiddleleafhadhigherdailyphotosynthesisandassimilation,andthephotosynthesisandtranspirationachievedthemostcoordinatestate,exhibit-inghighersingle-leafWUE.Keywords:Plantingdensity;Flue-curedtobacco;Photosyntheticcharacter;Diurnalchange;Assimilation,,,[1][2-3],,,,[4-5],12:2289,90%,,[6],,,1材料与方法1.12008(870m)87,,,pH5.6,24.2gkg−1135.15mgkg−121.42mgkg−1195.00mgkg−1(120cm),,120cm×60cm,13875hm−24,116665hm−2(120cm×50cm),215150hm−2(120cm×55cm),313875hm−2(120cm×60cm),412825hm−2(120cm×65cm),3,12,56m24,75kghm−2,1︰2︰356,65(),626,761.23,5(),11(),17()15d30d(355062d,3d)LI-CorLI-6400(Pn)(Tr),(WUE)=Pn/TrCO2400μmo1mol−1,25,℃1000μmolm−2s−113d,16d,17d,7:0019:00,2h,Pn,Tr1.3,3,5()11()17()[7],105℃30min,60℃,,=/API305D,(),[8],1.4MicrosoftExcelDPS[9]2结果与分析2.12.1.1对净光合速率(Pn)的影响1,Pn,16665151501387512825hm−24Pn30d82.4%72.6%77.2%66.7%,Pn83.4%80.9%78.2%74.1%,69.4%62%61.5%61.6%,,30d15dPn,1,Pn(CV)(PR),15d30dCVPR,,,PnCVPR11.4%11.6%15.4%43.1%40.4%51.7%,PnPn30dCVPR,,,2,Pn11:00,12825hm−213:00,,3;(2),,13875hm−212825hm−213:00,16665hm−215150hm−2,15150hm−2Pn13:00~15:003;12825hm−215150hm−2,16665hm−2,,13:00;,2290352.1.2对蒸腾速率(Tr)的影响3,Tr,,4,,166651515013875hm−213:00Tr,12825hm−211:00,3,11:00,,,11:00,13:00“”,图14种种植密度下不同部位叶片全展后的PnFig.1Pnoffullyexpandedleavesindifferentpositionsunderfourplantingdensities5%Barssuperscriptedbydifferentsmalllettersaresignificantlydifferentat5%probabilitylevelbetweentreatments.表1不同部位叶片主要生理指标种植密度间的变异系数(CV)和最大差异率(PR)Table1CVandPRofmainphysiologicalindicesofleafindifferentpositionsunderfourplantingdensitiesPnSpecificleafweightCarbohydratecontentPosition015d30d015d30d015d30d4.05.025.32.02.87.02.41.15.6Lowerleaf11.713.6104.05.07.317.76.52.715.54.012.018.92.02.611.72.71.47.9Middleleaf10.240.970.64.46.639.40.73.923.311.018.117.18.46.712.04.51.88.6Upperleaf28.964.761.623.917.534.511.84.827.2图24种种植密度下不同部位叶片Pn日变化Fig.2DiurnalchangesofleafPnindifferentpositionsunderfourplantingdensities12:2291表24种种植密度下不同部位叶片日光合总量、日蒸腾总量和水分利用率Table2Dailyphotosynthesis,dailytranspiration,WUEofleafindifferentpositionsunderfourplantingdensitiesTreatment(planthm−2)Dailyphotosynthesis(μmolCO2m−2d−1)Dailytranspiration(mmolH2Om−2d−1)WUE(mmolCO2mol−1H2O)16665129.47a22.33c5.89a15150131.43a23.61c5.63a13875133.08a25.73b5.25bLowerleaf12825131.92a27.08a4.95c16665105.46c29.12c3.62b15150116.62a29.66c3.93a13875111.79b32.83b3.41bMiddleleaf12825117.03a34.64a3.38b1666562.37d13.12c4.75ab1515069.48c14.00c4.96a1387577.47b18.65b4.15cUpperleaf1282591.64a20.14a4.50b5%Valueswithinacolumnfollowedbydifferentsmalllettersaresignificantlydifferentat5%probabilitylevelbetweentreatments.图34种种植密度下不同部位叶片全展后的TrFig.3Troffullyexpandedleavesindifferentpositionsunderfourplantingdensities5%Barssuperscriptedbydifferentsmalllettersaresignificantlydifferentatprobability5%levelbetweentreatments.图44种种植密度下不同部位叶片Tr日变化Fig.4DiurnalchangesofleafTrindifferentpositionsunderfourplantingdensities2292352.1.3对水分利用率(WUE)的影响WUECO25,15150hm−2WUE,(12825hm−2)(16665hm−2)WUEWUE15d,WUE6,WUE7:00,WUE15:00,11:00,WUE(2),16665hm−215150hm−2WUE1387512825hm−2,15150hm−2,32.22.2.1对碳水化合物总量的影响[6]7,,,16665hm−2,151501387512825hm−2,16665hm−230d,3,,30d,15150hm−212825hm−21,CVPR,,30dCVPR,,2.2.2对比叶重的影响,[1