时态与语态

EnglishBasicTenses(时态)&Voices(语态）中学英语的常见时态：一般进行完成完成进行现在一般现在时现在进行时现在完成时现在完成进行时过去一般过去时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成进行时将来一般将来时将来进行时将来完成时过去将来过去将来时时态构成常用时间状语一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时过去将来时将来进行时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时现在完成进行时do(第三人称单数does)动词过去式didwill(shall)＋动词原形begoingto＋动词原形beaboutto＋动词原形beto＋动词原形would＋动词原形will(shall)＋be＋现在分词am(is,are)＋现在分词was(were)＋现在分词have(has)＋过去分词had＋过去分词have(has)＋been＋现在分词always,usually,often,sometimes,every...,twiceaweek等yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,theotherday,last...,...ago等tomorrow,thedayaftertomorrow,next...,in...等ateight(thistime)tomorrow等时间状语now,duringthesedays,或look,listen等引起注意的词语ateight(thistime)yesterday等already,just,yet,since...,for...等by...,before...等for...,since...等多用于间接引语的宾语从句中最常用的几种时态与时间状语的搭配一般现在every…,sometimes,at…,onSunday现在进行now,现在完成for,since,sofar,ever,never,just,yet,till/until,uptonow,inthepastyears,always,recently一般过去yesterday,lastweek,anhourago,theotherday,in1982,justnow过去进行thismorning,thewholemorning,allday,yesterday,fromninetotenlastevening…when,while过去完成…before,by,until,when,after,once,assoonas一般将来next…,tomorrow,in…过去将来多用在间接引语中表示发生在谓语动作以后的动作时态和语态的主要考点1、考查在语境中判断动词时态的运用能力。常考的时态为：一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、现在完成进行时、一般将来时、一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等。2、时间、条件、让步等状语从句中动词的时态；主从句时态呼应问题。3、延续性动词和终止性动词的用法区别。4、及物动词（vt.)的被动语态。5、某些以主动形式表被动意义的动词的用法。.一般现在时(ThePresentIndefinite)1)表经常性、习惯性的动作或状态，常与表示频率的时间状语连用，如always,often/usually/frequently,sometimes,every…,at…,onSundays/….动词的时态（Tenses)Fillintheblanks.I_____(study)hardabroadeverydayandI_____(get)alongwellwithmyroommates,butsometimesI_____(miss)myfamilies.studygetmissCorrectthesentence.Thegeographyteachertoldusthattheearthmovedaroundthesun._______2)表客观事实、普遍真理。注意：主语为第三人称单数（he/she/it或单个的人名、单个的事物名称）谓语动词+s/es,其余人称作主语谓语动词用原形.movesTheshopwillcloseat9:00p.m._____3)表示按计划、规定，时间表将要发生的动作或存在的状态,一般用于be,come,go,start,begin,leave,arrive,return等位移/终止性动词，常与时间状语连用．Thetrainleavesat6tomorrowmorning.Whendoesthebusstart?Itstartsin2minutes.closes•4）.在部分倒装句中，表示动作正在进行。•Theregoesthebell.=Thebellisringing.Herecomesthebus.=Thebusiscoming.5）表示主语的特征、性格、能力等Mr.Smithhatesfishandnevereatsany.MaryspeaksbothEnglishandFrenchverywell.1.Noteveryone(like)watchingTVnow.2.Thispairofshoes(sell)well.3.Theteachertoldusthelight(travel)at300,000kilometersasecond.4.BillandTomarehard--workingstudents.Theynever(leave)today’sworkfortomorrow.5.I’lltellhimaboutitassoonashe(come)back.likessellstravelsleavecomes一般过去时(TheSimplePastTense)1.表过去发生了的动作或存在的状态。常与表过去的时间连用。如yesterday,last…,…ago,in…,then,justnow,theotherday等。I_______(spend)mychildhoodhappilywithmyoldfriendsinthecountrysideseveralyearsago.spent主要表示过去某特定时间发生的情况或动作Hewasherejustnow.Shesuddenlyfellillyesterday2.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作或存在的状态Iwrotehomeonceaweekatcollege.WhenIwasachild,Ioftenplayedinthecountryside.street1.Attheendofthemeeting,theheadmaster(give)usatalk.2.Listen!Theradiosaysaseriousaccident(happen)lastnight.3.----Haveyoutakenthemedicineyet?----Yes,I(take)justnow.4.Theroomsoflibraryareclean.Theboys(sweep)themyesterday.5.IwasgoinghomewhenI(meet)anoldfriend.gavehappenedtooksweptmet高考题点击：1.---Nancyisnotcomingtonight.---Butshe_____!A.promisesB.promisedC.willpromiseD.hadpromised2.Myuncle_____untilhewasforty-five.A.marriedB.didn’tmarryC.wasnotmarryingD.wouldmarry说明：until修饰的动词必须是延续性动词并且为肯定形式，表示该动作一直持续到until后的时间为止；终止性动词只能用在否定句中，表示直到此时该动作才开始。BB3.---Youhaven’tsaidawordaboutmynewcoat,Brenda.Doyoulikeit?---I’msorryI_______anythingaboutitsooner.Icertainlythinkit’sprettyonyou.A.wasn’tsayingB.don’tsayC.won’tsayD.didn’tsay4.Ithinkthefilmwasinteresting,butitisn’t._________DthoughtTheemployer_________________(interview)alltheemployeesnextWednesday.ProfessorSmith____________________(lecture)onmoderndramatonight.Thedarkcloudsis/wasgathering.There________________(be)astorm.willinterview一般(过去)将来时(TheSimple/PastFutureTense)表示(过去)将来要发生的动作或存在的状态1.will/would+v.isgoingtolecture表(过去)计划、安排、打算、预测将要做某事。2.am/is/are(was/were)goingto+v.is/wasgoingtobe•Theywillsay/saidgoodbye,littleknowingthey____________________never___________(meet)again.•He____________________(apologize)tomewhensomeonegaveasuddenblowonhisshoulder.will(would)/are(were)meet/tomeet3.am/is/are(was/were)todosth.表按计划、安排(过去)即将发生的动作，还可表示吩咐、命令、禁止、可能性等.wasabouttoapologize4.am/is/are(was/were)abouttodosth.(when…)“正/就要做某事”（不与具体时间连用）特别注意（1）一般现在时表示将来，特别用于车、船、飞机等时刻表中安排好的。Theplaneleavestomorrow.(尽管有tomorrow,但没有will,begoingto)（2）某些瞬间动词“go,come,arrive,leave,start,begin,fly,take”等用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作。I’vewonaholidayfortwotoFloria.I______mymum.A.amtakingB.havetakenC.takeD.willhavebeen1.We(remember)LeiFengforever.2.Idon’tknowifshe(reach)Caoyantomorrow.Ifshe(got)here,I’lltellyou.3.Shetellsmeshe(go)toLondonnextweek.4.TheBrownshavegonetoCanadaforholidays.They(be)backinamonth.5.---Wouldyoupleasenotspitonthefloor?---Sorry,I(notdo)itagain.willrememberwillreachgetswillgowillbewon’tdo过去将来时1，表示从过去某时看，将要发生的动作或状态。2，过去将来时常用于宾语从句中，即：主句显示过去时态，宾语含有将来时间状语。3，过去将来时的结构是：would+动词原形/should+动词原形/was/weregoingto+动词原形1.---Mum,Dadcalledandsaidthathe(notbe)athomefordinner.----Didhesaywhy?2..Shetoldmethatshe(come)backassoonasthemeetingwasover.3.Marysaidthatherfamily(visit)someplacesthenex