转化和前后缀

构词法2之---转化(Conversion)动词→名词look→havealook看一看survey→makeasurvey调查walk→takeawalk散步名词→动词buttonn．→v.扣钮扣bookn．→v.预订seatn．→v.容纳backn．→v.支持形容词→动词slowadj.→v.减慢narrowadj.→v.缩小warmadj.→v.加热构词法3之---前缀•1、表示否定或相反意义的前缀前缀例词前缀dis－agree→disagree不同意advantage→disadvantage缺点il－legal→illegal不合法的logical→illogical不合逻辑的im－polite→impolite无礼的patient→impatient不耐烦的in－formal→informal非正式的convenient→inconvenient不方便的前缀ir－regular→irregular不规则的responsible→irresponsible不负责任的mis－lead→mislead误导understand→misunderstand误解non－non－smoker不吸烟者non－stop直达的un－usual→unusual不寻常的willing→unwilling不愿意的2、变动词的前缀前缀例词前缀en－able→enable使能够large→enlarge扩大rich→enrich使充实3、其他前缀的意义前缀例词inter－interaction互动international国际的over－overweight超重的overcrowded过于拥挤的extra－extraordinary非凡的re－rewrite重写；改写reuse再使用ex－ex－president前任总统ex－husband前夫e－e－mail电子邮件e－book电子书by－byproduct副产品kilo－kilometer公里centi－centimeter厘米co－co－exist共存cooperate合作pre－pre－reading阅读前prehistory史前的trans－transform(使)改变；使改观mid－midnight午夜super－supernatural超自然的out－outnumber在数量上超过vice－vice－chairman副主席sub－subtropical亚热带multi－multicolored多色的semi－semi－final半决赛auto－automatic自动的micromicroscope显微镜micro－waveoven微波炉构词法4之---后缀一、形容词加－ly变为副词的规律1．一般情况加－ly如：real→really/careful→carefully/polite→politely/quick→quickly2．“辅音字母＋y”结尾的，将y改为－ily如：angry→angrily/busy→busily/heavy→heavily3．以－ble结尾的，将ble改为－bly如：probable→probably/possible→possibly4．个别单词，去掉e再加－ly如：gentle→gently/true→truly5．以－ic结尾的，加－ally如：basic→basically/energetic→energetically•注意：有的名词＋ly→形容词，如：friend→friendly/day→daily•二、动词/名词变形容词的常见后缀后缀例词－ableaccept→acceptable可接受的comfort→comfortable舒适的fashion→fashionable时髦的suit→suitable合适的reason→reasonable有道理的－almusic→musical音乐的origin→original最初的person→personal个人的；私人的center→central中央的；中心的nature→natural自然的；天生的－fuldoubt→doubtful怀疑的forget→forgetful健忘的harm→harmful有害的hope→hopeful有希望的peace→peaceful和平的－edscare→scared感到恐惧的confuse→confused感到困惑的underline→underlined下划线的－ingsurprise→surprising令人惊异的convince→convincing令人信服的satisfy→satisfying令人满意的－ibleaccess→accessible容易取得的horror→horrible可怕的；恐怖的terror→terrible可怕的－iveact→active积极的；活跃的effect→effective有效的，生效的attract→attractive有吸引力的impress→impressive给人深刻印象的－ouscontinue→continuous不断的；持续的anxiety→anxious忧虑的caution→cautious十分小心的；谨慎的curiosity→curious好奇的humor→humorous幽默的－sometire→tiresome令人厌倦的trouble→troublesome麻烦的－ytaste→tasty美味的；可口的health→healthy健康的wealth→wealthy富裕的；丰富的－erneast→eastern东方的；向东的－ishchild→childish孩子气的fool→foolish愚蠢的；可笑的self→selfish自私的－icscience→scientific科学的economy→economic经济的history→historic历史上著名的－aryimagine→imaginary想象中的•三、动词变名词的后缀后缀例词－alapprove→approval赞成；批准arrive→arrival到来；到达survive→survival幸存propose→proposal提议；建议－ance－enceappear→appearance出现；外貌guide→guidance指引；指导perform→performance表演；节目exist→existence存在；生存prefer→preference偏爱refer→reference参考；查阅－ion－tion－ationattract→attraction吸引compete→competition比赛；竞争invite→invitation邀请；请柬graduate→graduation毕业expect→expectation期待；期望explain→explanation解释－(ss)iondiscuss→discussion讨论；辩论decide→decision决定admit→admission接纳；准许入学－inghear→hearing听力；听觉begin→beginning开始－mentachieve→achievement功绩；成就argue→argument辩论；论据treat→treatment对待；治疗－ure－turefail→failure失败；没做到depart→departure离开；出发press→pressure压力mix→mixture混合；混合物－yrecover→recovery恢复；痊愈discover→discovery发现其他choose→choice选择vary→variety多样化；种类tend→tendency趋向；趋势•四、形容词变名词的后缀后缀例词－ageshort→shortage不足；短缺－cyefficient→efficiency效率；功效fluent→fluency流利；流畅accurate→accuracy准确性private→privacy隐私；私密－domfree→freedom自由；自主wise→wisdom明智；智慧－cedifferent→difference差异silent→silence沉默－nessweak→weakness虚弱；弱点kind→kindness仁慈；好意careless→carelessness粗心大意－thgrow→growth成长；发展strong→strength力气；强项warm→warmth温暖；热情－y－ty－itydifficult→difficulty困难cruel→cruelty残酷；残暴safe→safety安全disable→disability无能；伤残responsible→responsibility责任五、表示“人”的后缀后缀例词－erteach→teacher老师village→villager村民strange→stranger陌生人－arlie→liar说谎者－eeemploy→employee受雇者；雇员interview→interviewee被面试者train→trainee受训练的人；学员－orinvent→inventor发明家act→actor男演员educate→educator教育家；教师(注：cooker炊具)－essact→actress女演员god→goddess女神host→hostess女主人；女主持人－eseChina→Chinese中国人Japan→Japanese日本人－nAmerica→American美国人Australia→Australian澳洲人－ianmusic→musician音乐家history→historian历史学家politics→politician政治家；政客－istnovel→novelist小说家special→specialist专家tour→tourist旅行者；观光者－antantserve→servant仆人participate→participant参加者参加者assist→assistant助手；图书管理员助手；图书管理员correctcorrectionincorrectindependentdependdependabledisabledisabilityimpossiblepossiblepossibilitywrongmistakenmistakemisunderstandunderstandundergraduategraduategraduationn.反义独立的词根adj.残疾的n.不可能的n.反义n.误解词根大学生词根n.近义反义WordsBuildingcorrectn.反义独立的词根adj.残疾的n.不可能的n.反义n.误解词根大学生词根n.近义反义WordsBuildingcorrectcorrectionincorrectindependentdependdependabledisabledisabilityimpossiblepossiblepossibilityexpressioneducationwrongmistakenmistakemisunderstandunderstandundergroundundergraduategraduategraduationunderwaysubwaysubtitlealwayssidewaysn教育表达O独立的rootadj残疾的n不可能的OnSSn误解root大学生rootn地下的地下通道地铁副标题总是