H 714 Language Variation Conversational Interactio

H714LanguageVariation:ConversationalInteractionandSpeechEventsOctober3,2006KendraWinnerAgendaCourseAdministrationNextweek’sreadingsDiscussionFacilitationNewPostingsonCourseWebSiteDialectsandSpeechActsContinuedTheoriesofLanguageVariationPolitenessStrategies&DiscourseCompletionTestConversationalInteractionandSpeechEventsHymes&the“New”EthnographyofcommunicationSpeechEventsDiscussionTheoriesofLanguageVariationContactTheoryAttractionTheoryTheoryofConvergenceBrownandLevinsonAssumptionsRationality:“apreciselydefinablemodeofreasoningfromendstothemeansthatwillachievethoseends”Face:“Thewanttobeunimpeded(negativeface)andthewanttobeapprovedofincertainrespects(positiveface)PolitenessStrategiesBaldOn-RecordPositivePolitenessNegativePolitenessOff-RecordDiscourseCompletionTest1)Silentlyrankyourfinishedrequestsinorderofpoliteness(1=leastpolite,5=mostpolite)andnotewhy2)Rankthedegreeofimposition(1=least,5=most)andnotewhy3)AlaBrown&Levinson,identifywhichpolitenessstrategyyouuseforeachrequestandidentifywhatyouthinkarethepolitenesselements4)Findapartneranddiscuss:a.Whetheryouhadsimilarordifferentreadingsoftherequests,thecontext,thesituationb.Whatinfluencedhowyouansweredthesequestionsc.WhetherandwhyyourrankingsaredifferentDelHymes,1964EthnographyofCommunication1.Inaparticularcommunity,whatarecommunicativeeventsandtheircomponents?2.Whataretherelationshipsamongthecomponents?3.Whatcapabilitiesandstatesdoboththelanguagecodeandparticipantshave,ingeneral,andinparticularevents?4.Howdotheyworktogetherasasystem?DelHymes,ComponentsofCommunicativeEvents•Senders,speakers,addressors•Receivers,hearers,addressees•Purposesandfunctions•Channels•LinguisticCodes•Settings(immediate,social,community,cultural)•Forms/Genres•Topics•SpeecheventsproperCentralConcepts1.Youcannotdefineinadvancewhataspeecheventisorwhatitscomponentpartswillbe.2.Accuratelyspecifyingcommunicativeeventsandtheircomponentpartsmustconsiderparticipantsinthecultureandthemeaningthesehaveforparticipants.DelHymes,1965EthnographyofCommunicationEtic(uninterpreted),Emic(meaningforparticipants)SClots(s)Clods(z)SmallGroupActivityGroupsofthreeDiscussthetworeadingsassignedtoyourgroup,consideringthefollowing:Howthoroughly/accuratelyare“emic”meaningsofparticipantsconsideredininterpretationofthedata(considermethodologysuchasculturalinsiders,triangulationofdata)?Howdoparticularcomponentsofthecommunicativeeventsinteracttoimpactmeaningandstructure?DiscourseCompletionTest…revisitedCopScenarioMovethedamncar.(upgrader)Movethecar,lady.(softener)Doyouknowyou’reparkedinaloadingzone?SpeechEventsCommunicative,rulegovernedsequences.Knockknockjokes“KnockKnock”“Who’sThere?”“Abby”“Abbywho?”“AbbyBirthdaytoyou.”SpeechEventsKnockknockjokes“KnockKnock”“Who’sThere?”“Marsh”“Marshwho?”“Marshmellow.”SpeechEventsCommunicative,rulegovernedsequences.PlayingthedozensRulesMeaningEmic…meaningforparticipantsDeborahSchiffrin(1984)JewishArgumentasSociabilityWorking-class,JewishcommunityinPhiladelphiaDebby:Isthereacoffeecliquearoundhere?Jack:NoFreda:Theremaybe,butIdon’tknowit.Jack:Idon’tthinkthereisFreda:Ithinkthereis,butdon’tknowofit.Jack:No?Allright.Debby:Okay.HaveyoutraveledverymuchoutsideofPhiladelphia?Jan:No.IthinkasfaraswegotwasCanada.Ouwereoverseasinthewar,butIdidn’tgoanyfurther.Ira:uh…Yeh,wewentt’NewYork,wewenttoAtlanticCity,wewentt’Pittsburgh.Jan:Wellthat’sthiscountry,shesaidoutofPhiladelphia.Ira:um…wejustwentto’Kuch’swhatthehelldoyoumeanwedon’ttravel?CliffordGeertzToseeourselvesasothersseeuscanbeeye-opening.Toseeothersassharinganaturewithourselvesisthemerestdecency.Butitisfromthefarmoredifficultachievementofseeingourselvesamongstothers,asalocalexampleoftheformshumanlifehaslocallytaken,acaseamongcases,aworldamongworlds,thatthelargenessofmind,withoutwhichobjectivityisself-congratulationandtoleranceasham,comes.Ifinterpretiveanthropologyhasanygeneralofficeintheworlditistokeepreteachingthisfugitivetruth.