加拿大米瓜莎Miguasha国家公园英文介绍 PPT

MiguashaNationalParkTranslation0901VickeyStevenTracyContent:•Whereisit•Whatisthere•history•History:•Thefossilsitewasfirstdiscoveredin1842,byAbrahamGesner(1797–1864),ageologistandmedicaldoctor,andapioneerinthepetroleumindustry.Gesnerfoundavastarrayofimportantfossils,whichwerehandedovertotheBritishMuseumandtheRoyalScottishMuseum;thesediscoveriescausedgreatexcitementthroughouttheworld.Therewasarumourinthe1970sthatsomeAmericanswereseekingtopurchasethelandcontainingthefossildeposits.In1985theQuébecgovernmentblockedthispossibleprivatizationbypurchasingalargetractofthelandanddeclaringitaprovincial(callednationalinQuébec)park.Theperipheralareaisownedby~100peoplewholimitdevelopment,protectingthisimportantsite.Todate,over5000fossilsfromthisonesitehavebeenidentifiedandcategorized.ItwasdeclaredaWorldHeritageSitein1999.Sources:Thepictureisfrom:=zh-CN&newwindow=1&safe=strict&gbv=2&tbs=isch%3A1&sa=1&q=Miguasha&aq=f&aqi=&aql=&oq=&gs_rfai=Thehistoryisfrom:N48618W662111ThepaleontologicalsiteofMiguashaNationalPark,insouth-easternQuebeconthesoutherncoastoftheGaspépeninsulaSources1.(Picture1,)2.(Picture2andPicture3,=1&unique_number=812)3.(Localization,)Content:•Whereisit•Whatisthere•historyPhysicalfeaturesTheParkessentiallycomprisesacoastalcliffwithintheEscuminacFormation.ThisFormationextendsforadistanceof8kilometers(km)alongthenorthshoreoftheRistigoucheRiverand1kmwidth.TheFormationhasamaximalheightof100m,anundergroundcomponentextendingfrom300to600metersbelowthesurface,andisrepresentedbyfourdistinctoutcrops.Themostimportantoftheseextendsforadistanceof3km,rises30minheight,andbasicallyconstitutesthepark.TheprincipalFormationisorientatedinaneast-westdirection,andcomprisesbothalonganticlinal背斜andsynclinal向斜,thelatterelevatedoversomedegrees.Constitutedessentiallyofgreyrocksediments沉积物,theEscuminacFormation(datingfrom350-375millionyearsago)iscomposedofalternatinglayersofthicksandstone砂岩,silt,andcalcareousschists钙质片岩.Mineral-filledfracturesattheGaspePeninsula.Fauna动物群andflora植物群MiguashaNationalParkisconsideredtobetheworld‘sgreatestpalaeontological古生物学recordoffossilsfromtheDevonianPeriod泥盆纪,knownasthe’AgeofFishes‘.Fiveofthesixmainfossilfishgroupsfromthisperiod(datingfrom370millionyearsago)canbefoundhere.Agreatquantityofsomeofthebest-preservedfossilspecimensoflobe-finnedfish,ancestorstothetetrapods四只动物(believedtobethefirstfour-leggedair-breathingterrestrialvertebrates脊椎动物),werefoundhere.Fauna动物群Thesite’sexistingfaunaisunexceptional.Itsdesignationisentirelyforitsfossilremains.Atwo-million-yearrepresentationofDevonian泥盆纪lifeispreservedintheremarkablyrichfossilbedsexposedinthecliffsofMiguasha.Theremorethan100vertebrate脊椎动物speciesnotablyfish,invertebratespeciessuchasthe30cmPetaloscorpiobureaui,thefirstterrestrialscorpion蝎子,afossilcentipede蜈蚣discoveredin2003,tenspeciesofprimitiveplants,algae藻类andmicro-organisms微生物.ThesehaveallowedscientiststoconstructanalmostcompletepictureofDevonianlifeofthetime.Inthewarmtidalwatersanastonishingvarietyoffishthrived,21speciesofwhichmadeMiguashafamous.Somewerespiny,somearmour-plated装甲板andthecrossopterygian总鳍类Eusthenopteronfoordihadalreadydevelopedthelimb-likefinsthatenabledthemtocrawlacrossmudflatsandthetwo-waygillsandlungsystemwhichgaverisetothemodernconceptionofevolutionfromfishtofour-limbedterrestrialtetrapod四肢类vertebrates..flora植物群Thepresentsiteisoccupiedbyamixtureofcultivatedcropsandsomeborealtreessuchasfir,birch桦树andthuya金钟柏.Butsome370millionyearsago,thecoastwasatropicalestuary河口populatedwithabundantprimitivelife-forms,manyofgreatevolutionaryandphylogenetic总植物种类史interest.Themacroflora广植物区系includes10speciesofthefirstvascularplantsofDevonianforests:algaeandsome80sporefossilspecies,Archaeopteris古羊齿属halliana,a20mtallspore-bearingprecursortothemodernGymnospermaandSpermaspositawhichisconsideredtheoldestfloweringplant.ExhibitionHall://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miguasha_National_Park：