新人教版八年级下册英语动词不定式详细讲解

人教课标版八年级英语（下册）课题：动词不定式的用法执教人：许文卿四川省巴中市恩阳区关公乡中心小学知识回顾比较下列两组句子第一组:EverymorningikeepdoingexercisingHepracticesplayingtennisafterschool.第二组:Myfriendswantmetogooutwithhim.Jackinvitesmetogoshopping.不定式定义及构成(一)动词不定式定义:动词不定式是指动词的一种不带词形变化从而不指示人称、数量、时态的形式，属于非谓语形式。(二)动词不定式构成：to+动词原形省“to”的不定式to+动词原形A:Iwanttobuysomebooks.B:Theywantedtobuysomebooks.C:Hedecidestogohomebyhimself.动词后省to的不定式(一)感官动词：see,watch,notice,lookat，hear,listento,feel.A:Hesawsomebirdsfallintotheriver.B:Ioftenhearthegirlsinginthenextroom.C:Theylookedatthatpersonwentintothestore.动词后省to的不定式(二)使役动词:make,let,have.A:Mymothermakesmegotoschool.B:Lettheboygo.动词后可省可不省“to”的不定式(三)特殊动词HelpA:Ioftenhelpmymotherdohousework.B:MyclassmateshelpmetolearnEnglish.不定式的否定形式1.带to的动词不定式的否定Iwantyoutogonow.Iwantyounottogonow.直接在“to”前加not2.省to的动词不定式的否定Lettheboygoout.Lettheboynotgoout.直接在动词前加not动词不定式用法动词不定式放在一些动词后面可以作宾语、宾语补足语、目的状语、表语等。动词不定式用法(一)动词不定式作宾语动词不定式可以放在一些动词后用作宾语，动词不定式作宾语的常用动词有:beginask,want,forget,remember,learn,hate等。A：Iwanttogohomenow.B:Sheforgetstotakesomemedicine.C:Mymotherlearnstodance.不定式作宾语结构WanttodosthNeedtodosthDecidetodosthLearntodosthWishtodosthTrytodosthHopetodosthPlantodosth练习A:我想买一些书。Iwanttobuysomebooks.B:他们需要做更多的运动。Theyneedtodomoreexercise.C:他希望离开学校。Hehopestoleaveschool.动词不定式用法(二)动词不定式作宾语补足语。动词不定式作宾语补足语表示宾语所做的动作，可以用动词作宾语补足语的动词有：tell,ask,want,invite,encourage,help等。A:Iwantyoutogonow.B:Herparentswishhertobeateacher.C:Heinvitesmetogoswimming.动词不定式作宾补结构AsksbtodosthInvitesbtodosthTellsbtodosthExpectsbtodosthWantsbtodosthWishsbtodosthAdvisesbtodosth根据汉语完成句子:我们需要想出一个好计划Weneed_____________________________aplan.我们每人打电话给10个人,请他们来.Weeach______________tenpeopleandaskthem_______________.他们总是自愿贡献他们的时间来帮助他人.Theyalways________theirtime________________otherpeople.他咳嗽的厉害,他的医生让他戒烟.Hehasaterriblecough.Hisdoctoraskedhim______________________smoking.动词不定式的用法(三)动词不定式作目的状语。动词不定式作目的状语常用在go,come,hurry等不及物动词后，表目的。A:Hewenttoseehissisteryesterday.B:ShegoestoEnglandtolearnEnglish.Thegirlcouldvisitthesickkidsinthehospitaltocheerthemup.Shestillsthereonceaweektohelpkidslearntoread.Shewenthometohavebreakfast.Imakealotofmoneytohelpthesickkids.Istudyhardtogetgoodgrades.结语动词不定式定义动词不定式结构带to的结构省to的结构动词不定式的用法作宾语作宾补作目的状语