2010高考英语《语法》专题复习系列课件38《语法填空方法及训练》解读

2010高考英语《语法》专题复习系列课件38《语法填空方法及训练》语法填空题命题分析和解题技巧考试题型(讨论稿)解读•语法填空这种题型的显著特点都是将语言知识或语法知识放在语篇中进行考察.•文章内容题材,体裁多样化.•一共10道小题,每道1.5分.与原有题型对比:少了选项的干扰多了水平的发挥能力要求:•词汇量•构词法的变化和运用•较强的句子分析能力与语法运用能力•对文章大意的理解及上下文语义、语境的逻辑判断及推理能力考查内容考查形式动词非谓语动词助动词情态动词时态并列连词从句引导词代词人称代词物主代词不定代词介词搭配用法冠词名词名词词组构词法形容词比较级、最高级固定搭配副词派生词IntheUnitedStates,therewere222people________(report)tobebillionaires(亿万富翁)in2003.The_________oftheseisBillGates,worthatleast$41billion,whomadehismoney______startingthecompanyMicrosoft.Mr.Gateswasonly21yearsold_________hefirsthelpedtosetupthecompanyin1976.Hewasabillionairebythetimehewas31.________,therearestillsomeotherpeoplewhohavemadelotsofmoneyateven________(young)ages.OtheryoungpeoplewhostruckitrichincludeJackieCooganandShirleyTemple.１２３４５６７reportedrichestbywhenHoweveryoungerhave________ofthesechildactorsmadeoveramilliondollars_______(act)inmoviesbeforetheywere14.But______youngestbillionaireisAlbertvonThurnundTaxisofGermany,who,in2001,inherited(继承)abilliondollarswhenheturned18!8910Bothactingthe解题技巧：＊快速通读全文，把握中心意思。＊弄清文章的体裁和题材、写作主线。＊注意分析长句和复合句的句子结构。＊注意上下文的联系。＊根据上下文，分析空白处应填的词语的词性和语义。＊对所填词语的语法形式是否准确进行检查Practice：Thirty-twopeoplewatchedKittyGenovese(kill)rightbelowtheirwindows.Shewasneighbor.Yetofthe32helpedher.Notoneevencalledthepolice.JohnBarleyandBibFatanewentbeyondtheheadlinestoresearchintothewhypeopledidn’tact.Theyfoundthatapersonhastogothroughtwostepshecanhelp.12345killedtheirnonereasonbeforeFirsthehastonoticethatitisemergency.Isthesmokecomingintotheroomaleakintheairconditioning?Isit“steampipes”?Orisitreallysmokefromafire?It’snoteasytotellifyouarefacedwitharealemergency.Second,andimportant,thepersonfacedwithanemergencymustfeelpersonally(responsibility).Hemustfeelthathemusthelp,thepersonwon’tgetthehelpheneed678910anfrommoreresponsibleorTIPS：1如文中提到的事实多、涉及面广，可采用抓关键词的方法，记住文中谈及的各个方面，从而判断填出答案。2有时遇到看不懂的难句，读了几遍仍不懂，可作记号，暂时放下，留待有时间再来考虑对命题的反思:1第一次讨论稿在冠词的考查上出现了零冠词,而第二次却没有出现零冠词的情况。2第一次讨论稿出现从句引导词可省略但却仍要求填写的情况,第二次却没有出现这种情况3省略这一语法内容不在考查范围。4这类题型考查内容多为各语法项目的基本用法,难度并不见得比原有题型高,只要掌握方法,得分率也许不比单项选择的低。5语法填空题所考查的语法项目比单项选择较少,所以应当强化重要语法的教学,如:三大从句及非谓语动词等,着力提高语法分析能力。6语法填空题如同完形填空，要求相应的推断力,应着力提高对语篇的理解以及对语境的把握。7省略、情景反映、多个并列形容词位置的排应不在考查的范围；倒装句和强调结构由于较难命题而考查的可能性不大。ＥPeople________(live)indifferentcountriesmadedifferentkindsofwords.Todaythereareaboutfifteenhundred__________intheworld.Eachcontainsmanythousandsofwords.Averylargedictionary,forexample,containsfour___fivehundredthousandwords.Butwe_____notneedallthese.Toreadshortstoriesyouneedtoknowonlyabouttwothousandwords._______youleaveschool,youwilllearn12345livinglanguagesorBeforeExercise:doonlyonethousandormore.Thewordsyouknowarecalledyourvocabulary.Youshouldtrytomakeyourvocabularybigger.asmanybooksaswecan.Therearealotofbooks________(write)ineasyEnglish.Youwillenjoythem.Whenyoumeet______newword,lookit_______inyourdictionary.Yourdictionaryisyour_______(much)usefulbook.678910writtenaupmostRead动词：1非谓语动词todo~ed~ing2助动词：do，did，does，will，shall，has，have，had3情态动词：can，should，must等（在时态、语态中考查）（基本用法，虚拟，猜测的考查）4短语动词并列连词：and，or，but，so从句引导词名词性从句定语从句状语从句代词人称代词：I，you，he，she，we，they物主代词：my，your，his，her，our，mine，ours等不定代词：all,both,each，every,nonesome,any等语法填空训练(一)Manypeoplearewonderingifitissafetotalkonthecellphoneswhiledriving.Mostofpeoplethinkthattheuseofcellphonesshould1(ban)whiletheyaredriving,2inthatcaseaccidentscaneasilyhappen.Agrowingnumberofstatesaremakingrulestokeepyoungdrivers3usingcellphoneswhiletheyaredriving.Whenthereis4caraccident,policeofficerswillfindout5anyofthedriversisusingacellphone.Therehavebeensomeverybadcaraccidents6(cause)bydriversbeingdistractedbycellphones.Driverssometimesforgettowatchtheroad7(careful)whentheyareusingtheirphones.8payingattentiontotheroadcanbedangerous,evendeadly.Itisimportantfordriverstofocus9theroad.Theyneedtopayattentionto10isgoingonaroundthem.So,stopusingyourcellphoneswhiledriving.Keys:1.bebanned2.because3.from4.a5.if/whether6.caused7.carefully8.Not9.on10.what语法填空训练(二)ItwasmyfirstdayinHangzhou,theChinesecityfamousforitsnaturalbeautyandhistoryandIdidn'thavemuchtimetospare.Iwantedtosee31muchofthecityaspossibleinthetwodays32IwastoreturntoGuangzhou.Myfirsttaskwastodecidewheretogoand33togetthere.Itookoutmyguidebookinwhichtherewasalotofinformationaboutthecity'swell-knowntourist34(attract)andstartedtoread.Atthatmomentanattractiveyounglady35noticedmybookcameuptomeandintroduced36.ShesaidhernamewasMissBaiandshekindlyofferedtoshowme37thecity.Iwasdelightedandwasabouttoacceptherproposalwhenshesuggestedwefirst38(go)totheWestLakeandwalkalongtheBrokenBridge.IquitelikedtheideaofvisitingtheWestLakebutwasn'tsosureaboutcrossingtheBrokenBridge.39itwasbroken,didsheexpectmetojumpacross?AndIcouldn'tswim,soifIfellinthenIwoulddrown.ThatwasdefinitelynotanattractiveideasoIpolitelydeclinedherinvitation,40(close)mybookandwalkedaway.Keys:31.as32.before33.how34.attractions35.who/that36.herself37.around38.go39.If/Since/As40.closed语法填空训练(三)IwasalwaystoldthatthethreePs,patience,positivethinkingandperseverance(毅力),wereasurepath31success.Butthisadvicedoesnotalwaysworkasplanned.Myhighschoolmathsexamisoneexample.Th