冶金熔体中组元活度及其标准态的量度

115200510()JOURNALOFSHANGHAIUNIVERSITY(NATURALSCIENCE)Vol.11No.5Oct.2005:2005206227:(1944),,,.E2mail:[e-mail](1942),,,,.E2mail:[e-mail]:100722861(2005)05205452061,1,1,2(1.,100083;2.,200072):,.,,,.:SI;;;;;:TF1;N6265:AMeasuresforActivitiesofComponentsinMetallurgicalMeltsandtheirStandardStatesQUYing1,XIANGChang2xiang1,JIANGJun2pu1,WEIJi2he2(1.CollegeofMetallurgy,UniversityofScienceandTechnologyBeijing,Beijing100083,China;2.SchoolofMaterialsScienceandEngineering,ShanghaiUniversity,Shanghai200072,China)Abstract:Proceedingfromtheconceptsanddefinitionsoftheactivitiesofcomponentsinmetallurgicalmeltsandtheirstandardstates,thediscrepanciesaboutapplyingthemassfractionandmasspercentconcentrationtometallurgywereanalyzedanddiscussed.Itwaspointedoutthatusingthemasspercentconcentrationorthemassfractiontoindicatethecontentsofcomponentsinmetallicsolutionisentirelynotonlyasimpleunitandnumericaltransformation,butalsorelatingtothebasicprinciplesinphysicalchemistryofmetallurgicalprocesses,mustbeseriouslyconsideredandtreated.Keywords:SIsystem;metallurgicalmelt;activityofcomponent;standardstateofactivity;massfraction;masspercentconcentration.,[14].,.,,[4-7]...,:,,,,,ppm.,,(fraction)(percentage),,,.[8].,,,.1,(),.,,.G,.,aB=expB-BRT.(1):1atm(101.325kPa).SIatm,,[9,10],atm,0;1atm,PBPP,P=101.325kPa.atm,.,,(f),f=P,,=+RTln(fPP).(2).,P=0.1MPa.,,,P=0.1MPa..,.:,;,.,,,xB.,,[%B]=1,()().,,KH(1):,PB=KH,%[%B],(3),PB=KH,xBxB,(4),PB=KH,CBCB,(5),PB=KH,mBmB.(6)1Fig.1Schematicdiagramofstandardstatesforcomponentactivities,,CB;,mB.KH,xBB,B.BP3B,PB=P3BxB.(7)(1),aB.,.,,a=C;,,.,.a=1,1,,=1,1HRN645()113.,.1.1%,,f.1molPdm3.:a(H)B=fB[%B],(8)a(H)B(C)=B,CCBPC,(9)(9),C=1molPdm3,C.,mB,,m=1molPkg.[3,11,12],2050,CGSSI,Cm,,gPcm3kgPm3;BMBgPmol()kgPmol(),.[%B]=1.,,,,.1,,wB=1B.wB=1,.[%B]=1wB=1,.,,xB=1,B.a(R)B=BxB,,.,.,[13].,;,,[13].,(%FeO)(%CaO)(%Al2O3)w(FeO)w(CaO)w(Al2O3),.,B.B,aB=BxB.1B=KH,xBPP3B,(10)B=limxB0B=limxB0(aBPxB),(11)B,B.[2]:[mol%B]=1(xB=0.01),B=BfB;[wt%B]=1,BBfB,BBfB,.,B.:aB,x=PBPKH,xB,B,x=aB,xPxB.B,xB,CB,m,,.,,,.,,.,.,,.2,(FeO)=[O]+Fe(1),(12)K[O]=a[O]a(FeO)=f[O][%O](FeO)x(FeO),(13)lgK[O]=-6320T+2.734.(14)T=1873K,K[O]=0.23.,f[O]1;16%(FeO),aR(FeO)=0.25.1873K[%O]eq=0.0575,0.0575%.[%O]w[O],w[C]eq=0.05751873K5.75%.1873K,a(FeO)=25,,FeOa(FeO)=1,a(FeO)11.(14):7455,:lgK[O]=-6320T+0.734,(15)(13),K[O]w[O].,.,,f=1,,.,.2%ppm,%ppm,10-210-6,,.,,.,,%.,:40CrP%,0.370.43C,0.170.37Si,0.500.80Mn,0.801.10Cr.,%.,0.37%0.43%;;.w,.,:w[Si]P%00.51.01.52.0w(CaO)P%010203040%,.%,,%.,.0.8%CPmin,0.8.%Pmin.%,10-2,min-1,.,,.-d[%N]dt=kNAV([%N]2-[%N]2eq),(16)d[%N]dt=kNAV([%N]i-[%N]).(17),kNcmP(s%),kNcmPs,.%,,.,.AlNlg[%Al][%N]=-6770T+1.33,(18)(18)1673K[%Al][%N]=1.9210-3.,%.,,,%.,10-2.[57],,,ejB=5lgfB5[%j],,lgf[S]=eSS[%S]+eSiS[%Si]+eCS[%C]+eMnS[%Mn]+ePS[%P],.ej[B][%j],.,ppm,10-4.,ppm.ppm,.11ppm,3:(1),w[S]=1110-6.,,.(2),1110-4%0.0011%,ppm.ppm.(3)1ppm(),ppm,845()11[ppmH]=1.%ppm,SI.SI.SI,CGSMKS.CGSSI,%ppm,.,.,,,.,.,,.3,(nB)dnBPdt,(1PV)(dnBPdt)=dCBPdt,(1PA)(dnBPdt).,-1VdnBdt=kAV(CB-CiB),(19)-dCBdt=ka(CB-CiB),(20)CiB..(19)(20)CBmolPcm3(molPm3).,,C=1molPdm3(14).,,[%B]=1,,(19)(20).CB=[%B]100MB,(21),[14]..,,-d[%Mn]dt=kAV([%Mn]-[%Mn]i),(22):1k=1k+1kK(C)Mn;K(C)Mn=Ci(MnO)PCi[Mn];KMn=(%MnO)[%Mn]a(FeO).,K(C)Mn=KMnMMnMMnOa(FeO),1k=1k+1kMMnOMMn1KMna(FeO).(23)(23)KMna(FeO),,,C=1molPdm3.,,[%B]=1.4.,,.[%B]=1,,.[%B]w[B],,.,,.,.,,,.,,,,,,.:[1].[M].:,1964.[2].[M].:,1980.[3].[M].:,1963.[4]LupisCHP.Chemicalthermodynamicsofmaterials[M].9455,:NewYork:ElsevierSciencePubCo,1983.[5]SigworthGK,ElliottJF.Thethermodynamicsofliquiddiluteironalloys[J].MetSci,1974,(8):298310.[6],.Fe2C2O[J].,1980,66:14061422.[7],,.[M].:,1995.[8],,.[J].,2003,(9):3742.[9],.CaF2+Al2O3CaF2+Al2O3+CaO[J].,1994,30(8):B350360.[10].[J].,1996,17(4):362366.[11],.[M].:,1979.[12].()[M]..:,1999.[13].[M].,.:,1989.[14],MitchellA.,I.[J].,1984,20:B261279.(:)200420053,297.,2542325.10,.PCDAV..()055()11