托福口语资料task 4

RebeccaTOEFLiBTSPEAKING托福口语TASK4序号任务类型准备时间回答时间材料性质Task3读听说30〞60〞校园对话Task4读听说30〞60〞学术演讲Task4Generalintroduction:★Anintegratedtaskreading→listening→speaking★AcademicsubjectbutnopriorknowledgeofanyacademicfieldarerequiredReading(75-100wordsandwilldisappearafter;40-45toread)↓Listening(conversationonsametopicwithpicture;1-1.5'tolisten)↓Speaking(combineinfo.intwosources;nopersonalideas30toprepare&60tospeak)Task41.Readingsection(thefoundationforlisteningandanswering)WhattoreadinT4:Aconceptofageneralprincipleandspecificexamples;ORAproblemandrespectsaboutit/waystosolveit.带着一个“概念是什么，现象是什么”的想法来阅读Academicsubject——sciences&arts★多为日常生活中的人文、科学常识。难度适中。1.lifescience（生命科学）:thestudyoflivingorganisms,suchasbiology,medicine,orecology.potentiality;howtostorefood2.socialscience（社会科学）:thestudyofhumansociety.perception3.physicalscience（自然科学）:thestudyofthenatureandnonlivingmatter,suchasphysics,chemistry,orgeology.secondaryecologicalsuccession（二级生态演替）4.humanity（人文科学）:thestudyofhumanthoughtandculture,suchasphilosophy,literature,andart.visualelements;movieAcademicsubject——sciences&arts★题目出现的比例：最多为人文科学(60%以上)社会学和生命学中等(20%左右)自然科学极少(lessthan10%)Readingexample1Oneofthemostpersistentdesiresofhumanbeingshasbeentoindulgeinmood-changingandpleasure-givingpractices.Forinstance,diversecultureshaveengagedinthedrinkingofalcoholicbeverageofalldescriptions.Butaswithmostpleasure,overindulgencecanbeharmfultooneselfandothers.Also,noteveryoneagreesthatdrinkingorusingothermoodmodifiersshouldbeanacceptedpleasure.Readingexample1Oneofthemostpersistentdesiresofhumanbeingshasbeentoindulgeinmood-changingandpleasure-givingpractices.Forinstance,diversecultureshaveengagedinthedrinkingofalcoholicbeverageofalldescriptions.Butaswithmostpleasure,overindulgencecanbeharmfultooneselfandothers.Also,noteveryoneagreesthatdrinkingorusingothermoodmodifiersshouldbeanacceptedpleasure.Desires:mood-changing+pleasure-givingeg.→drinking↔over×not人人acceptcautions根据上下文猜测生词！（context）1.抓住文中认识的尤其是认识的主要动词，据此来推断周围的生词的大意。2.例推法:根据文章中的例子来推其前面的重要词汇。3.比较连接词,推断前后信息.Although,by,including,when,sothat…读通文意比记笔记更重要！重要信息一般出现在signalwords之后！2.Listeningsection(additionalinfo.foranswering)WhattolisteninT4:Abrieflectureinwhichaprofessorgivesmoreexamplesordetails.cautions根据信号词推断逻辑和次重点！1.one,another,first,second,next,generally…（结构）2.essential,important,key,main,necessary,primary,significant,especially…（次重点）3.cause,consequence,effect,example,problem,reason,result,characteristic,feature,function,idea,point,quality...（重点细节）抓大意在先，探细节在后。不要在小词上纠缠有听不懂的关键名词，记下模糊发音或用代号听的时候，带着“老师用什么例子来进行说明”这个问题去听3.Speakingsection(combineinfo.in2sources;nopersonalideas)WhattospeakinT4:描述阅读材料中涉及的概念（如果没有，自己总结）解释听力材料中的例子→听力听得较好可以选择不回答阅读内容（互补）GeneralformatThelectureisabout+授课主题,referringto+主题定义→≈10〞Theprofessorgivestheexampleof+具体内容（1/2点）→≈50〞Inthefirstexample,hestatesthat.../Firstofall,hepointsoutthat...(Thesecondpointisthat.../Theprofessoralsosaysthat...)Casestudy1NarratorNowreadthepassageaboutsocialinteraction.Youhave45secondstoreadthepassage.Beginreadingnow.SocialInteractionPeopledealwitheachothereveryday.Thisinteractionisattheheartofsociallife.Thestudyofsocialinteractionisconcernedwiththeinfluencepeoplehaveoveroneanother’sbehavior.Peopletakeeachotherintoaccountintheirdailybehaviorandinfact,theverypresenceofotherscanaffectbehavior.Forexample,oneprincipleofsocialinteraction,audienceeffects,suggeststhatindividual’sworkisaffectedbytheirknowledgethattheyarevisibletoothers,thatthepresenceofotherstendstoalterthewaypeoplebehaveorperformanactivity.ExplanationSocialInteractionPeopledealwitheachothereveryday.Thisinteractionisattheheartofsociallife.Thestudyofsocialinteractionisconcernedwiththeinfluencepeoplehaveoveroneanother’sbehavior.Peopletakeeachotherintoaccountintheirdailybehaviorandinfact,theverypresenceofotherscanaffectbehavior.Forexample,oneprincipleofsocialinteraction,audienceeffects,suggeststhatindividuals’workisaffectedbytheirknowledgethattheyarevisibletoothers,thatthepresenceofotherstendstoalterthewaypeoplebehaveorperformanactivity.Notesforreading√socialinterac:influ.onbeha.→presenceofothersaffecteg.audienceeffects→affectedifknowtheyrvisible/watchedNarratorNowlistentopartofatalkinasociologyclass.Theprofessorisdiscussingaudienceeffects.NotesoflisteningInteraction:impactonbehav.Knowbeingwatched↑performspeed1.Tieshoeswithlaces2.Learnnewthings:typingBut,moremistakesWhenthedialogueended,thepictureofthestudentswillbereplacedbythefollowing:Nowgetreadytoanswerthequestion.Thequestionwillthenappearonyourcomputerscreenandwillalsoreadbythenarrator.Explainhowtheexamplesoftyingshoesandlearningtotypedemonstratetheprincipleofaudienceeffects.preparetime:30secondsresponsetime:60seconds整理笔记，最终开口T(accordingtothereading):audienceeffectsaffectediftheyknowbeingwatchedExample1:tyingshoes,1groupknew,typefaster,1not.Example2:learningtotypefaster,butmistakesTheprincipleofaudienceeffectsisthatindividuals’performanceisaffectedbytheknowledgethatothersarewatchingthem.Theprofessorusesexamplesoftyingshoesandlearningtotypetodemonstratethatweactuallyincreaseourspe