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SHABDONGUNIVERSITYYangYanzhao设计型计算内容:根据分离要求(xd、xw),确定qn,D、qn,w确定理论塔板数NT及进料位置;确定塔径、塔高。(一)SHABDONGUNIVERSITYYangYanzhao一、理论塔板(theoreticalstage)n-1nn+1xn-1yn+1xnyn两相温度相同(Ts)两相组成xn——yn平xnynTsx(y)Tn特点:板上两相互成平衡SHABDONGUNIVERSITYYangYanzhao思考某一连续操作的精馏塔分离苯和甲苯的混合液。已知精馏段操作线方程为yn+1=0.833xn+0.1633,AB=2.47,xf=0.25(摩尔分数,下同),x2=0.8994,试分析如何求y3和x3?SHABDONGUNIVERSITYYangYanzhaon-1nn+1xn-1yn+1xnyn操平操xn+1平交替使用相平衡方程与操作线方程分析:相邻塔板汽液组成之间关系同一塔板汽液组成之间关系逐板计算方法:SHABDONGUNIVERSITYYangYanzhao二.理论塔板数的计算逐板法图解法常用计算依据物系相平衡关系操作线方程SHABDONGUNIVERSITYYangYanzhao设塔顶为全凝器,泡点回流再沸器为饱和蒸汽间接加热yw——xw平方法:交替使用相平衡方程与操作线方程y1=xdSHANDONGUNIVERSITYYangYanzhaoqn,Lqn,D,xdqn,W,xwqn,F,xf1.逐板法(顶底)12456y1x1y23x4y5x6ywxw平第一板求第二板操求平至x3y4dxy111xy111)1(1xxy1x21yx11d12RxxRRy22xyfxxn)(f4xxSHABDONGUNIVERSITYYangYanzhao改用提馏段操作线方程:提求平操平至:xmxw例5-5某一连续操作的精馏塔分离苯和甲苯的混合液。已知xf=0.25(摩尔分数,下同),xd=0.98,xw=0.085,=2.47,=1,R=5,塔顶为全凝器。求所需理论塔板数。54yx55xymmxy6y6xSHABDONGUNIVERSITYYangYanzhao解:nnnxxy)1(1nnnyyx)1(nnnyyx47.147.21633.0833.01598.01551nnnxxy提:精:w/V,W,/V,/L,1xqqxqqynnmnnmSHABDONGUNIVERSITYYangYanzhao1D,L,V,/V,nnnnqqqqF,L,/L,nnnqqqwD,L,D,F,D,L,F,L,1xqqqqxqqqqynnnnmnnnnmwD,F,D,F,111xRqqxRqqRnnmnnSHABDONGUNIVERSITYYangYanzhaowdwfF,D,xxxxqqnn42.5D,F,nnqq0626.0737.11mmxy184.0085.098.0085.025.0SHABDONGUNIVERSITYYangYanzhao第一板:98.0d1xy952.098.047.147.298.01x第二板:9563.01633.0833.012xy8986.09563.047.147.29563.02xSHABDONGUNIVERSITYYangYanzhaoy3=0.9118x3=0.8071y4=0.8356x4=0.6730y5=0.7239x5=0.5149y6=0.5922x6=0.3702y7=0.4717x7=0.2655y8=0.3845x8=0.2019xf=0.250879qn,Fxfx8y8x7y9SHABDONGUNIVERSITYYangYanzhao第九板:2881.00626.02019.0737.19y1408.02881.047.147.22881.09xy10=0.1822x10=0.08274xw=0.085SHABDONGUNIVERSITYYangYanzhao第8块为进料板NT=10(含塔釜)NT=9(不含塔釜)N精=7N提=3(含塔釜)SHANDONGUNIVERSITYYangYanzhao2.图解法b1dRx123456NT=6(含塔釜)进料板:第三块N精=2N提=4(含塔釜)dexfxwxda0c11SHANDONGUNIVERSITYYangYanzhao011xdaxfbxw123456de435y5y5y4y4阶梯意义:x3x3x4x4y4x4fgSHANDONGUNIVERSITYYangYanzhao011xdaxfbxwc123阶梯意义:线:气相提浓度x2y2y3x1水平线:液相提浓度达规定分离要求所需理论塔板数________nnnxxx1,)(nnyx1nnnyyy
本文标题:5-精馏塔计算(1)
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