燃煤矿物转化及结渣特性研究

华中科技大学硕士学位论文燃煤矿物转化及结渣特性研究姓名：郭治青申请学位级别：硕士专业：热能工程指导教师：张军营;郑楚光20080604IXRDESEMFe,SiIIAbstractTheslaggingofpowerplantsnotonlymakeeconomiclosses,butalsobeharmtothesecurityofpowerplant,whichcandecreasetheboiler’sheat-transfercapacity,increasetheresistanceofflueandbreakthewater-cooledhopperwhenslagfell.Thecoalmineralsbecomeashandsticktotheheatexchangesurfaceincombustion.Soitisimportanttostudythetransformationofmineralsincoalcombustionandthemechanismofslagging.FivecommoncoalsandpowerplantcoalswereselectedandmadetheirLowtemperatureash(LTA)andhightemperatureash.Analysistheirmineralsandslaggingindex.TheLTAcankeeptheoriginalmineralsofcoalswhichcontainclayminerals,oxide,sulfateandsulfide,carbonate,andotherminerals.Theashmeltingbasedonthequalityofminerals.Theexperimentresultshowboehmite,kaoliniteandrutilearerefractorymineral,andironmineral,Ca-mineralandquartzcompaniedbyFeorCaareeasilymelt.Generally,themorecomplexthemineralare,themoreeasytomelt.Themineraltransformationinoxygenicenvironmentareconcluded.AndCa-Mgsilicate,garnetandfeldsparweredetectedintheashwhenclosetobemelt.Mostoftheironmineraltransformintoironoxide,indicatestheironmineralhavenomeltingeffectinoxygenicenvironment.Andthethermal-gravitycurvesoftheLTAwereanalyzedtodetectthethermalbehavioroftheminerals,themasslosscurveandtheendothermalcurvechangeastheminerals.SlagontherefractorybeltfromGuilepowerplantwascollectedanddetectedbyXRDandESEM,whichisafusedironslagrichinFeandSicomposition.Eachlayercontainsplentyofgrassphase,andthemainmineralsarehematite,quartzandironoxide.Thequadratecrystalsarehematiteandtheneedle-likemineralareFealuminosilicatesuchashematiteandFespinel.Atlast,thepowerplantslagisclassifiedintofusedslagandsinteredslagdependingonthefuseddegree,andaredividedintoFe,CaandFe-Caslagbasedonthecomposition.Finally,themechanismofashdepositsandthedevelopmentofmathematicmodelsofslaggingweresummarized.Keywordcoalmineralslagcharacteristic____________111.140,1.21.2.1(1)[1]2,3(CCSEM),,[2];,,1.1XRDEMPASEM[3]1)60-80%2)3)4)5)31.1[4]kg/m3KSiO226501983Al2O3·2SiO2·2H2O260020832K2O·3(Ca,Mg,Fe)·0.8Al2O3·24SiO2·12H2OK2O·Al2O3·6SiO22500Na2O·Al2O3·6SiO22570Ca2O·Al2O3·2SiO21826Al2O3·SiO22570Al2O3·FeO2·SiO2·H2O2CaOAl2O3SiO21832K2O·3Al2O3·6SiO2·2H2O2750-3000Na2O·3Al2O3·6SiO2·2H2O2750-3000(MgCaO·.Al2O3·.5SiO2·nH2OCaFeSiO4TiO242002100Fe3O451401865Fe2O352001840Fe2O3·H2O4300CaCO327101200*CaCO327101150*CaCO3·MgCO328501050*CaCO3·FeCO3·MgCO31000*FeCO33830800*FeS250001075*FeS248701075*FeS46001300Ca5F(PO4)3310015003Al2O3·P2O5·18H2O23201725CaSO4·2H2O23201725Na2SO426801157Na2SO4·10H2O14601157FeSO4·7H2O1900755*NaCl21701074KCl19801043*4(2)Vassilev[5]1)Vassilev[5],,,,,,Ca,Ca-Mg,1.2K,Si,,Al2O3,,,[6]0085090023102222322322(()())23623CCKAlSiAlOOHHOKOAlOSiOAlOSiO───→+⋅⋅───→⋅950232232120023223222323()()32()OOCCAlOSiOAlOSiOSiOAlOSiOAlOSiOSiO───→+───→gggg523232222322232232232Al6Si2H3Al6SiAl2Si()+Al2Si2Al3SiKOOOOKOOOKOOOOOO→→→50-150500900[7]1.3[4]1.3800-1000,,,,,,218831200Vassilev[5]400-1000,CaCa-Mg1100,,,,,3A.R.McLennan[8][9]FeO-FeSFeO,16802n2334()eeeeeeKFeSFSFSFSFSFOFO───→───→───→───→→───→6g5wt%160016803n2n2334g5wt%16003n2n3423e()ee()eee()ee()eeMOCKMOCFCOFOCOFOFOFOFCOFOCOFOFOFO→+──────→→───→→+──────→→+FeSFeFeFe16802n23342n()eee()eelasselasselassKFeSFSSFOFOFeSFSSGGG─────→───→→───→─────→─────→→→16802233422eeeeKCOFOFOCOFF─────→+───→───→─────→+─────→→4)900CaOCO2CaOSO2200-500CO290032oCaCOCaOCO────→+222232()()CaOHOCaOHCaOHCOCaCOHO+→+→[phone]SO21004004246oCXCaSOHOCaSOCaOSO-⋅────→──→+2241/2CaOSOOCaSO++→322()2MgCaCOCaOMgOCO→++2322322()2AlOSiOCaOCaOAlOSiO⋅+──→⋅⋅426MgSOHO⋅200400MgOSO2900BaOSO2,1200BaOSO3800-90075)AlO(OH)Al2O3·H2OAl2O385.7%50023lAOl-[12]1000125023232323llllooCCAOAOAOAOldqa--→-→-─────→-(523108(MgFe)AlSiO(OH))1200oC,[5]3424225231083(MgFe)AlSiO(OH)+8O25FeO+12MgO+3MgAlO+8HO+9SiO→(),1200-1300oC,900-1170oC,(3)Vassilev[510]XRDSEM1)(FeOOH)Vassilev[5]900-1100900-1300,700-1300900-1100,,(1100)2)CaAl2Si2O810um100um,,,-,800-1100,SiO2(),815502CaOAl2O3SiO21593,900-1000(CaAl2Si2O8)(Ca2Al2SiO7)CaO+Al2O3+SiO2?CaAl2Si2O8CaO+Al2O3SiO2?CaAl2Si2O8SiO2+Al2O3+Ca2Al2SiO7?CaAl2Si2O8CaO+Al2O3+SiO2?Ca2Al2SiO72CaO+Al2O3SiO2?Ca2Al2SiO7CaAl2Si2O8+CaO?Ca2Al2SiO7+SiO2800,,,,,,,,3)CaSiO3Ca3(Si2O7)2CaOSiO2Ca3SiO5CaSiO31100,,10-20um,(Ca2SiO4)500-1200,(Ca3SiO5)700-10001300,CaO[5]1)(300-500)(1200-1400)2),,,,;3)2),3)1)Ca,CO2SO2Ca,Ca-Mg,1.2.2Bryer[11]9FeFeS(1)(2)Arrhenius(3)[12]1.41.2.3(1)1010um10um1um,,[8],[4]1)SO22)3)SO3,,SO2,FeS,,[13](2)(),11SSF107Pa·S105Pa·S103104Pa·S[14]1.3,,,,,,,(1)(2)(3)(4),1222.1Vassilev[5]H.M.tenBrink[15]2.5MW[16]Fe2O3FeOFe2+2.2XRD5001XRD13XRFEDAXInc.EAGLEIIIXX40kV,1.0mANaU10-6100%XRDX'PertPROX10.000~80.000[°2Th]0.033[°2Th]:Cu:40mA,40kVQUORUMK1050X0-300W13.56MHz220V±10%,50Hz±14Hz2XZ2L/s0.067Pa—2.32.3.1XRD1.2.3.4.5.6.2.1XRD2.1XRD2.12.2142.1()CHONS7.2235.1520.1935.4755.263.3110.751.080.410.3529.233.037.4579.264.051.221.643.091.0921.9025.7351.2862.914.061.191.502.9314.6046.9113.7424.7449.215.401.422.4713.1610.1937.666.5062.3480.534.800.890.3713.412.22.3.25g8151.2g1050120012702.32.3AlSi(g)4.754.4