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EnglishdetectivewritersArthurIgnatiusConanDoyle,(22May1859–7July1930)wasaScottishwriter,mostnotedforhisstoriesaboutthedetectiveSherlockHolmes,whicharegenerallyconsideredamajorinnovationinthefieldofcrimefiction,andfortheadventuresofProfessorChallenger.Hewasaprolificwriterwhoseotherworksincludesciencefictionstories,historicalnovels,playsandromances,poetry,andnon-fiction.EarlylifeArthurConanDoylewasborninEdinburgh,Scotlandon22May1859..From1876to1881hestudiedmedicineattheUniversityofEdinburgh.Hereceivedadegreeofmedicinedoctorin1885.Buttheincomecanonlymaintainthenormallife,hehadplentyoftimetoread.In1885ConanDoylemarriedLouisaHawkins,butshesufferedfromtuberculosis(肺结核)anddiedon4July1906.ThenextyearhemarriedJeanLeckie,whomhehadfirstmetandfalleninlovewithin1897.JeandiedinLondonon27June1940.福尔摩斯探案集道尔的第一部作品是发表在《1887年比顿圣诞年刊》的《血字的研究》,主角就是夏洛克福尔摩斯。1891年,众多出版商杂志社向他约稿,他决定弃医从文,专门从事侦探小说创作。随后写了《巴斯克维尔的猎犬》《恐怖谷》《空屋》等。他一生有56篇短篇侦探小说以及4部中篇侦探小说福尔摩斯为主角,故事主要发生在1878年到1907年间,最晚的一个故事是以1914年为背景。《福尔摩斯探案集》是世界上被拍成电影的最多的小说原著。塑造的福尔摩斯已成为家喻户晓的人物。福尔摩斯的办公地点——伦敦贝克街221号B成了旅游景点。AstudyinscarletThesignoffour福尔摩斯的形象他有六英尺多高(合约180厘米),身体异常消瘦,因此显得格外颀长;细长的鹰钩鼻子使他显得格外机警、果断;下颚方正而突出。爱坐在安乐椅上思考问题,对文学哲学天文园艺知识一无所知,但对惊险文学知识很广博,精通化学、解剖学与法律知识;能识别各种土壤。擅长格斗、会拳术与剑术,是小提琴手。经常拿着烟斗与手杖,喜欢把情节弄的戏剧化,外出时经常戴黑色礼帽。唯一不好的就是注射可卡因。道格拉斯威尔默杰里米布雷特小罗伯特唐尼本尼迪克特康伯巴奇HisfamouswordsIfyouprecisedestruction,inthepublicinterest,Iamwillingtoacceptdeath.如果能确切的让你毁灭,为了公众的利益,我很乐意接受死亡。Whenyouhaveeliminatedtheimpossibles,whateverremains,howeverimprobable,mustbethetruth.除去不可能的剩下的即使再不可能,那也是真相夏洛克的原型作为一名外科医生,观察人是一门基础学问。他的老师爱丁堡大学的外科医生约瑟夫·贝尔是他心目总的偶像。贝尔讲课时,经常鼓励学生对病人进行精确的观察和逻辑推理。从而对病人的痛苦做出正确的判断。贝尔医生可以从病人的外貌与穿着中可以判断出对方的职业习惯和嗜好,这对柯南留下深刻印象。后来他根据贝尔医生的一些特点,塑造出了歇洛克·福尔摩斯华生福尔摩斯的搭档,毕业于英国伦敦大学医学系,后来又在内特黎进修军医必修课,被派去当军医。在战斗中负伤,于是成了福尔摩斯的搭档。华生为人善良,有幽默感,不看重金钱,精通药剂学和外科手术。在《四签名》中,与摩斯坦小姐结婚,生活幸福。sherlock’ssittingroomSherlockholmesmuseum对福尔摩斯的爱与恨人们在欣赏福尔摩斯的睿智、博学、正义、孤傲的时候,柯南道尔却嗤之以鼻。1891年11月在一封给母亲的信中道尔写道,“我考虑杀掉福尔摩斯……把他干掉,一了百了。他占据了我太多的时间。”并不只一次说塑造夏洛克这个形象仅仅是为了钱。1893年12月在《最后一案》中,道尔让福尔摩斯和他的死敌莫里亚蒂教授一起葬身莱辛巴赫瀑布。小说的结局令读者感到惊异,他们不愿意相信一位了不起的神探就这样死去,在那时的伦敦有不少人佩戴黑袖箍纪念福尔摩斯这位神探,甚至还有女士大骂柯南·道尔为畜生。读者对福尔摩斯这一虚构人物的喜爱和执着使得道尔最终又让福尔摩斯重新“复活”,在1903年道尔发表了《空屋》,使福尔摩斯死里逃生Hediedofaheartattackatage71.Hislastwordsweredirectedtowardhiswife:“Youarewonderful.”Theepitaph”steeltrue,bladestraight”onhisgravestoneinthechurchyardatMinsteadintheNewForest.Death文学地位与影响柯南道尔为侦探小说开创了新的局面与创新途径,被评为“英国侦探小说之父”。英国著名小说家毛姆说:“和柯南道尔所写的《福尔摩斯探案集相比,没有任何侦探小说曾享有那么大的声誉。”他的创作影响了阿加莎·克里斯蒂、莫里斯·勒勃朗、松本清张、森村诚一,他们在创作中都有意无意地借鉴其犯罪模式与破案模式,并根据他们所处的时代背景,加入了新的内容,从而使侦探小说真正成熟发展起来AgathaChristieAgathaChristieisknownthroughouttheworldastheQueenofCrime.HerbookshavesoldoverabillioncopiesinEnglishwithanotherbillionin100foreignlanguage.Sheistheauthorof80crimenovelsandshortstorycollections,19plays,andsixnovelswrittenunderthenameofMarryWestmacott.InformationaboutAgathaAgathaChristiewasborninTorquayin1890,inthecountyofDevon.DuringWorldWarIsheworkedinaRedCrossHospitalinTorquayasahospitaldispenser,whichgaveherknowledgeofpoisons.Itwastobeusefulwhenshestartedwritingmysteries.Christie'sfirstdetectivenovel,TheMysteriousAffairatStyles,InitshecreatedHerculePoirot.Heisalittlechapandhasbendingbeard.Hehasmany“graybraincells”-reasoningfactor,sohecanalwaysdetectionintelligently.HebecamethesecondfamousdetectiveafterSherlockHolmes.以HerculePoirot为主角《斯泰尔斯庄园奇案》TheMysteriousAffairatStyles《东方快车谋杀案》MurderontheOrientExpress《高尔夫球场命案》MurderontheLinks《罗杰疑案》TheMurderofRogerAckroyd《ABC谋杀案》TheABCMurders《底牌》(《牌中牌》)CardsontheTable《尼罗河上的惨案》DeathontheNile《啤酒谋杀案》FiveLittlePigs/MurderinRetrospect《谋杀启事》AMurderIsAnnounced《鸽群中的猫》(《校园疑云》)CatAmongthePigeons《阳光下的罪恶》EvilUndertheSun《悬崖山庄奇案》PerilatendHouse共38部,其中长篇33部,小说集6部It'saworkofdetectivefictionbyAgathaChristie,veryclassical,thesuspenseisveryexciting,oftenreachtheclimax,youdidn'tknowwhatwillhappennext,everycharacterwasvividandhadtheirownfeatures.thedetectivePoirotlooksseeminglyclumsyandfussy,butwhenhedetectscrimes,heisverysmartandsharp,healwayscanconnectallkindsofcluestogether.Thisnovel,writtenin1927,isconsideredthebestandmostsuccessfuloftheearlymysteries.Itmetwithnosmalloutragewhenitappeared,asitusesaplotdevicemanyreadersthoughtunfair.ThereisafullcomplementofcharacterspopulatingthecozyEnglishvillageofKing'sAbbot:MajorBlunt,ColonelCarter,MissGannett,thebutler,thehousekeeper,thenarrator,Dr.Sheppard,andhisknow-it-allsister(theprecursorofMissMarple,accordingtoChristie),and,ofcourse,theredoubtableHerculePoirotandhislittlegreycells.ThereareclueswithacapitalCtomisleadus,andthelistenergetssoinvolvedwiththeseredherrings(ornot)thattheverysimpletrutheludesthepuzzler...AndThenThereWereNoneisalsoaverysuccessfulstoryshewrote.Youcanneverpointoutwhoisthemurdereruntilyoufinishedthelastchapter.Theendingwassounexpectedbutalsoreasonable.Obviously,wehavetomentionMissMarple,ascharactersinthenovels,sheisanelderlyspinster,Marpleoftenreliedonherfemininesensitivityandempathytosolvecrimes.Marplewasfeaturedin14novels,thefirstbeingMurderattheVicarage(1930)andthelastSleepingMurder(1977).Shewasreportedlybasedonthea
本文标题:英国侦探小说英文课件
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