Book 3 Unit 3 grammar 名词性从句宾语从句&表语从句

TheNounClause(1)名词性从句五种基本句型•Shesmiled.•Heleft.•Heisrunning.•Hehaspassedaway.1.主语+不及物动词五种基本句型•Iamastudent.•Heisinhospital.•Hefelttired.•Hisstorysoundsunbelievable.•Hejobistoanswerthephone.•Theleavesturnedyellow.2.主语+系动词+表语五种基本句型•Helikesautumn.•Heisreadingabook.•Shehateslaughingatothers.•Helikesswimming.3.主语+及物动词+宾语五种基本句型•Hegavemeapresent.•Mymomboughtmeabike.•Hebroughtmesomesweets.•Ourteachertoldushisexperience.4.主语+及物动词+直接宾语+间接宾语五种基本句型•Wechosehimourmonitor.•Thestorymadeussad.•Ithinktheplanuseful.•Hesawthegirldancing.•Heconsideredthejobdifficult.•Heputthebookonthetable.•Thereisabookonthetable.5..主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语•其他的英语句子都是这些基本句型扩展而来的。•Shesmiledhappily.•Heleftyesterday.•Hefelttiredafterthejob.•Heisreadingabookinthelibrarynow.•Hegavemeapenasapresent.•Weshouldlistentoothers’advice.•llikethebookthatyouboughtyesterday.•Themanstandingthereisourteacher.名词性从句（NounClause）•在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(NounClauses）•名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等•因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句1.位置：及物动词，介词,个别形容词之后2.构成：连词(引导词)+句子3.语序：陈述语序(连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分)•Peopleknowthatgreenfoodcontainsplentyoffibres.•Sheisthinkingaboutwhethershecandobetter.•Iamsurethathewillcometonight.宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。•个别形容词：happy,angry,afraid,surprised,satisfied,pleased，sure,certain等连接词之•that•不做成分，无意义，可省略(有特殊情况)•Ihear(that)hewillbebackinanhour.•Ourteachertoldus(that)weweregoingtohaveapinicthenextweekandthateveryoneshouldprepareforit.•此句型为“主语+谓语+宾语+宾补”•其中that引导的宾语从句为句子的真正宾语，用it形式宾语代替，而把that从句放在后面。•此种用法的动词有：think,feel,consider,find,make等•IthinkitnecessarythatyoushouldreadEnglishaloud.•Wemadeitarulethateveryoneshouldkeepselientinthelibrary.连接词之•whether/if•不做成分，意义是否，不省略•与ornot,不定式,介词连用时用whether1.Idon’tknowif/whetherhewillcometomorrow.2.Iwanttoknowwhetherthestarwillcomeornot.3.Theyaskedmewhethertogoshopping.4.I’mthinkingofwhetherweshouldgofishing.连接词之wh-•what,who,whose,which,wh+ever•when,where,why,how1.Doyouknowwhathesaidjustnow?2.Idon’trememberwhenwearrived.3.IaskedhimwhereIcouldgetsomuchmoney.4.Pleasetellmewhyhewaslate.5.Heisthinkinghowhecandobetter.充当成分，有意义，不可省略Payattention!IdemandedthatTom(should)gothereatonce.当主句谓语动词是suggest(建议),insist(主张),propose(计划建议),order,command,demand,request,require等，宾语从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用（should）+do(动词原形)•that：•whether/if：•wh-：•语序：•时态：主现从随主过从客观真理永远现不充当成分，无意义，可省略不充当成分，有意义，不可省略充当成分，有意义，不可省略陈述句语序Doyouknow______?A.whattimewilltheplanetakeoffB.whattimewouldtheplanetakeoffC.whattimetheplanewilltakeoffD.theplanewilltakeoffatwhattime解析:宾语从句要用陈述句的语序，故选C。Practise1.Iwanttoknow_______hedidn'tgohikingyesterdayafternoon.2.Canyoutellme________elseisgoingtobeondutytoday?3.We’renotsure_______ourteamwillwin.4.Theydon'tknow_________wearegoingtoBeijing.5.Idon'tknow________oftenhevisitshisfather.6.Doyouknow________shirtitis?whywhoif/whetherwhenhowwhose表语？•表示主语的性质和特征•位置：系动词之后•四类系动词：•be动词：Iamastudent.•感官动词：Thefoodtastesdelicious.Ifeelhappyeveryday.•表变化的动词：Theleavesturnyellowinautumn.Everyonegetsolderastimegoesby.Hebecameaprofessor.•表持续的动词：Hestayedawakeallnight.HekeepspratisingEnglish.表语从句P92•位置：系动词之后•构成：引导词+句子•语序：陈述句语序连接词之•that•不做成分，无意义，不可省略•Thefactisthatwewonthegame.•Thereasonforhisfailurewasthathewascareless.句型：thefactisthat....事实是...thereason....isthat......原因是...连接词之•whether,asif/though•不做成分，有意义(是否，好像)，不可省略连接词之•wh-•做成分，有意义，不可省略句型：thatiswhy....那就是为什么...thatisbecause...那是因为...•若主句主语为suggestion(建议),proposal,order,request等名词，表语从句谓语动词一般用(should)do虚拟语气•Mysuggestionwasthatwe(should)notcancelthemeeting.•that：•whether：•asif/though•wh-：•语序：•时态：不充当成分，无意义，不可省略不充当成分，有意义，不可省略不充当成分，有意义，不可省略充当成分，有意义，不可省略陈述句语序主现从随主过从客观真理永远现•记住一些常见的难以理解的句子•Chinaisnolongerwhatsheusedtobe.•中国不再是以前的中国了。•Sheaskedmewhatwasthematter.•她问我怎么了。1.Mariahastobaby-sit.That’s_____shecan’tcomeoutwithus.A.whyB.howC.whenD.what2.Shelooked_____sheweretenyearsyounger.A.thatB.asthoughC.asD.likePractise3.—IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek．—Isthat____youhadafewdaysoff？A.whyB.whenC.whatD.wherePractise4.Thelasttimewehadgreatfunwas____wewerevisitingtheWaterPark.A.whereB.howC.whenD.whyPractise5.Whynottryyourluckdowntown,Bob?That’s______thebestjobsare.A.whereB.whatC.whenD.whyPractise6.Seetheflagsontopofthebuilding?Thatwas______wedidthismorning.A.whenB.whichC.whereD.whatPractise7.Choosingtherightdictionarydependson______youwanttouseitfor.A.whatB.whyC.howD.whetherPractise8.Heisabsenttoday.That’s______heisill.A.whenB.becauseC.whyD.that9.Atfirsthehatedthenewjobbutdecidedtogivehimselfafewmonthstosee_____itgotanybetter.A.whenB.howC.whyD.ifPractise10.Cindyshutthedoorheavilyandburstintotears.Nooneintheofficeknew_____shewassoangry.A.whereB.whetherC.thatD.whyPractise1.Ourteachertoldus_______________________________(北京是中国的首都)whenIwasachild.2.Thereasonhegaveforfailingtheexamwas________________________(因为他没有努力学习).3.Theyhaven’tdecided_____________________________________(下周是否举行运动会).II.Translatethefollowingsentences.capitalofChina(that)Beijingisthethathedidn’tstudyhardwillholdthesportsmeetingwhether/ifthey4.Iaskedthem_________________________(他们在哪学习的绘画).5.Couldyoutellme__________________(选择哪个)asagiftforyourmother?6.Theproblemis________