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当前位置:首页 > 商业/管理/HR > 管理学资料 > 高三英语语法总复习――形容词和副词
形容词和副词考点分析1、形容词和副词的基本用法;2、形容词和副词的位置;3、形容词和副词的级别;4、常见形容词和副词的用法比较。形容词的基本用法1、形容词的词义问题1:---I’mvery________withmyowncooking.Itlooksniceandsmellsdelicious.---Mm,itdoeshavea________smell.(2002北京)A.pleasant,pleasedB.pleased,pleasedC.pleasant,pleasantD.pleased,pleasantD高考中关于形容词的词义的题考得不少,复习时需密切关注。该句中pleased表示“感到满意(高兴)的”;pleasant表示“令人满意(高兴)的”。根据句意不难发现答案为D。问题2:Theircheerfulvoiceshowedthattheywerehavinga____discussion.(1997上海)A.noisyB.seriousC.completeD.friendly问题3:Ifitisquite_______toyou,IwillvisityounextTuesday.(05天津卷)A.convenientB.fairC.easyD.comfortableD该句中cheerful是重要的提示词,意为“欢快的”。noisy;serious以及complete显然都与题义无关。是形容词,意为“友好的”,只有它符合题义。Itisconvenientforsb.todosth.该句型意为:“某人方便(适合)做某事”;一般不说“sb.isconvenienttodosth.”其它三个词显然不符合句义。A2、后置定语问题问题4:Allthepeople_____atthepartywerehissupporters.(02北京)A.presentB.thankfulC.interestedD.important解析:形容词作定语修饰名词时,要放在名词的前边。但是下列情况要后置:proper(本身),present(在场的,出席的),involved(有关的),concerned(相关的),left(剩下的),objecting(反对的),mentioned(提及的),selected(当选的)等。如thestudentspresent(出席的学生)thecostinvolved(所需费用)Af.下列情况也要后置:a.some,any,no,every构成的复合不定代词的修饰语要后置.如:somethingnew;nothingserious;anythinginterestingb.else修饰不定代词和疑问代词时,要后置。如:Nobodyelseissosillyasyouare.c.不定式短语,动名词短语,分词短语,介词短语做定语要后置。如:Doyoustillremembertheafternooninthefirstyearatcollegewhentheprofessorgaveusachemistrylesson?d.以a-开头的形容词做定语要后置.如:alike,alive,alone,asleep,afraid,awake…如:Heistheonlymanawakeatthattime.巩固练习:1.Ican’tgetagoodpictureonmyTVset.Theremustbesomething____withit.A.badB.matterC.thematterD.thewrong2._____totakethisadventurecoursewillcertainlylearnalotofusefulskills.A.BraveenoughstudentsB.EnoughbravestudentsC.StudentsbraveenoughD.Studentsenoughbrave3.Thereis_____toholdthewater.A.nothingbigenoughB.nothingenoughbigC.bigenoughnothingD.enoughbignothingCCA3、以-ly结尾的形容词问题5:Whathesaidsounds________.(1993上海)A.nicelyB.pleasantlyC.friendlyD.wonderfully解析:1)大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但friendly,deadly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively,ugly,brotherly,manly,timely,worldly(老于世故的)仍为形容词。改错:(错)Shesanglovely.(对)Hersingingwaslovely.(错)Hespoketomeveryfriendly.(对)Hespoketomeinaveryfriendlyway.2)有些以-ly结尾既为形容词,也为副词。daily,weekly,monthly,yearly,earlyTheTimesisadailypaper.Itispublisheddaily.C多个形容词修饰名词的顺序问题1JohnSmith,asuccessfulbusinessman,hasacar.(04辽宁)A.largeGermanwhiteB.largewhiteGermanC.whitelargeGermanD.Germanlargewhite多个形容词修饰名词时,其顺序为:限定词--数词--描绘词--(大小,长短,形状,新旧,颜色)--出处--材料性质,类别--名词根据这个公式,就不难排列出:大小+颜色+出处,故选择B。B形容词排列顺序口诀:限定描述大长高,形状年龄与新老颜色国籍出材料,用途类别往后靠。thefirstbeautifullittlewhiteChinesewoodbridge问题2:This_______girlisLind’scousin.(05北京卷)A.prettylittleSpanishB.SpanishlittleprettyC.SpanishprettylittleD.littleprettySpanish问题3:Onedaytheycrossedthe____bridgebehindthepalace.A.oldChinesestoneB.ChineseoldstoneC.oldstoneChineseD.Chinesestoneold由“限定词--数词--描绘词--(大小,长短,形状,新旧,颜色)--性质--名词”的公式可知,描绘词+大小+出处的顺序,最符合答案。根据排列顺序:大小、形状+年龄+颜色+来源+质地+用途+名词可选择AAA常见形容词的比较1).worth---worthy---worthwhile2)alike---like---likely3)dead---deadly---deathly4)historic---historical5)live---lively---alive---living6)possible---probable---likely7)valueless---priceless8)respectable(可敬的、高尚的)---respectful(表示敬意的)Arespectablemanisrespectfultoothers.9)healthy(健康的)---healthful(有益于健康的)Theairatseasideishealthfultous.Soallofusarehealthy.worthworthyworthwhile1.worth只作表语,不能作定语修饰名词Itisworthdoingsth或者跟名词,价格,用主动thebookisworthreading.thebookisworththeprice.2.worthy可作表语也可作定语Itisworthyofbeingdone或Itisworthytobedone用被动如果加名词,加ofThebookisworthyoftheprice.3.worthwhile可作表语和定语Itisworthwhiletodo或Itisworthwhiledoingdead---deadly---deathlydeadadj.死的,无感觉的,呆板的,不流动的,(语言、习惯)废弃了的,熄灭的n.死者adv.完全地,绝对的,突然的deathn.死,死亡,致死的原因,毁灭,屠杀deadlyadj.致命的,势不两立的,死一般的,极度的,必定的deathlyadj.死一般的adv.象死一样地1.Therearesome(dead)leavesontheground.地上有些枯叶。2.Theterrorist'sattackcausedmorethanthreehundred(death).恐怖分子的袭击造成了3百人的伤亡。3.Theroaroftheexplosionwasfollowedbya(deathly)silence.在死一般的寂静之后是一阵爆炸。4.IntheFirstWorldWarpneumonia(肺炎)wasas(deadly)asbulletsandshells炮弹.在一战时期,肺炎就如同致命的子弹和炮弹一样historic---historicalHistoric指历史上有重要意义的:thehistoricfirstvoyagetoouterspace.Itisalsousedofwhatisfamousorinterestingbecauseofitsassociationwithpersonsoreventsinhistory:具有历史意义的首次太空旅行。而且也用于形容那些因与历史事件或人物有联系而有名或有趣的事物:ahistorichouse.Historicalreferstowhateverexistedinthepast,whetherregardedasimportantornot:故居。Historical是指不管重要与否而在过去存在的所有事物:历史人物。Historical也指与历史或对过去的研究有关的事物:ahistoricalnovel;历史小说;historicaldiscoveries.Thedifferentiationbetweenthewordsisnotcomplete.Theyareoftenusedinterchangeably:historictimesorhistoricaltimes.历史发现。但这两个词并不是截然不同的。它们经常可换用:historictimes或historicaltimesalike---like---likely•alikeadj.相同的,相像的(仅作表语,可用much,verymuch修饰,不能用very修饰)adv.同样地,十分相像地•MotherandIaremuchalikeinmanyways.•Theyaredressedalikeinblue.•经典习语Greatmindsthinkalike.英雄所见略同。•Likeprep.像,相似adj.类似的,相似的(只作定语,是比较正式的用法,前面可用very修饰)•Heisverylikehisfather.•Sherespondedinalikemanner.•Likelyadj.有可能的,可用于句型:sb./sth.belikelytodosth.Itislikelythat…live---lively---alive---living1)lovely意为“可爱的”“美好的”。如:•alovelyday,alovelygirl2)alive意为“活着的、有活力的”,是表语形容词,可修饰人或物;在句中做表语宾补或后置定语,不能用作前置定语。如:Hewasalivewhenhewastakentothehospital.他被送往医院时还活着。Althoughheisold,heisstillverymu
本文标题:高三英语语法总复习――形容词和副词
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