英语话题―抑郁症Depression

ChenJinfeng42315※Depressionisacommonmentaldisorder.Globally,anestimated350millionpeopleofallagessufferfromdepression.※Depressionistheleadingcauseofdisabilityworldwide,andisamajorcontributortotheoverallglobalburdenofdisease.※Morewomenareaffectedbydepressionthanmen.※Atitsworst,depressioncanleadtosuicide.※Thereareeffectivetreatmentsfordepression.※Depressionisamentalhealthdisorder,apsychiatric（精神病的）condition，characterizedbysadness,lossofinterestorpleasure,feelingsofguiltorlowself-worth,disturbedsleeporappetite,feelingsoftiredness,andpoorconcentration.Specifically,itisamooddisordercharacterizedbypersistentlylowmoodinwhichthereisafeelingofsadnessandlossofinterest.Depressionisdifferentfromthefluctuationsinmoodthatweallexperienceasapartofanormalandhealthylife.Temporaryemotionalresponsestothechallengesofeverydaylifedonotconstitutedepression.AccordingtotheUSCentersforDiseasePreventionandControl(CDC),8%ofpeopleovertheageof12yearshasdepressioninanytwo-weekperiod.TheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)putsdepressionatthetopofthelist-itisthemostcommonillnessworldwideandtheleadingcauseofdisability.Theorganizationestimatesthat350millionpeoplearoundtheworldareaffectedbydepression.Signsarethefeaturesthatmaybenoticedbythedoctorandothers.Signsofapersonwithdepressioninclude:1.Appearingmiserable,tearfuleyes,furrowedbrows,down-turnedcornersofthemouth.2.Slumpedposture,lackofeyecontactandfacialexpressionLittlebodymovement,andspeechchanges(forexample,softvoice,useofmonosyllabicwords)3.Gloomy,pessimistic,humorless,passive,lethargic,introverted,hypercriticalofselfandothers,complaining.※Depressedmood-feelingsadorlow※Reducedinterestorpleasureinactivitiespreviouslyenjoyed,lossofsexualdesire※Unintentionalweightloss(withoutdieting)orlowappetite※Insomnia(difficultysleeping)orhypersomnia(excessivesleeping)※Psychomotoragitation(forexample,restlessness,pacingupanddown),orpsychomotorretardation(slowedmovementsandspeech)※Fatigueorlossofenergy※Feelingsofworthlessnessorguilt※Worsenedabilitytothink,concentrateormakedecisions※Recurrentthoughtsofdeathorsuicide,orattemptatsuicide.※Thereareanumberoffactorsthatmayincreasethechanceofdepression,includingthefollowing:Pastphysical,oremotionalabusecanincreasethevulnerabilitytoclinicaldepressionlaterinlife.Depressioninsomeonewhohasthebiologicalvulnerabilitytodevelopdepressionmayresultfrompersonalconflictsordisputeswithfamilymembersorfriends.Sadnessorgrieffromthedeathorlossofalovedone,thoughnatural,mayincreasetheriskofdepression.First-degreerelativesofdepressedpatientsarethemselvesathigherrisk,andoccurrenceofdepressionbetweenidenticaltwinsishigh.GeneticfactorsmayinfluenceindividualresponsestoeventsthattriggerdepressionSometimesdepressionco-existswithamajorillnessormaybetriggeredbyanothermedicalcondition.Problemssuchassocialisolationduetoothermentalillnessesorbeingcastoutofafamilyorsocialgroupcancontributetotheriskofdevelopingclinicaldepression.※Depressionisatreatablementalillnessthatcanusuallybemanagedinprimarycarebyageneralpractitioner,butmaybethesubjectofcarebyaspecialist-apsychiatristfor,example.Therearethreecomponentstothemanagementofdepression:（心理治疗）-alsoknownastalkingtherapies,suchascognitivebehavioraltherapy(CBT)-antidepressants.Thetreatmentplanfordepressionwilldependonthetypeonehaveandhowsevereitis.Pleasecreateagoodlivingenvironment,improvethewayoflife,payattentiontodietandexercise,andadjustthenegativeemotions.1.Exerciseregularly.Believeitornot,exerciseisessentiallyanaturalantidepressant.2.Gettherightamountofsleep.Inadditiontohelpingyourbodyfunctionatitsbest,itisamoodregulator,easingyourmind.3.Eatahealthydiet.Eatingalow-fatdiet,richinvitamins,nutrients.4.Avoidalcoholanddrugs.Alcoholisadepressantthatcanalteryourmoodwithoutyouevenrealizingit.5.Monitoryouroverallhealth.Visityourdoctorregularlyforroutinephysicalcheck-ups.Toavoidspiralingdownward,workonthinkingpositively.Learntoacceptwhatyoucan’tchangeandfocusonchangingwhatyoucan.Gettingoutofyourheadandintothezoneofhelpingothershelpskeepyoubusy,yourmindbuzzingwithpositivity,andhelpsyoufeelgoodaboutyourselfandtheworldaroundyou.Manageyourstresswithactivitieslikeyoga,acupuncture,meditation–orevenvideogames.Makeitapointtowakeupinthemorninganddoitautomatically.Thiswillgetyourmindprimedforpositivityandbeencouragingthroughouttheday.Havingasocialnetworkwecanleanonisanincrediblyimportantpartoffeelingsecureandhappy.Ifyoustartexperienceoveraweekofirritabilityandsadness,consultyourdoctorortherapistimmediately.Lifeiswhatyoumakeit,sotrytomakeitbeautiful.1/29/20202020/1/29