Lesson4 The double life of Alfred Bloggs

Everydaysentence•IfindthattheharderIwork,themoreluckIseemtohave.---ThomasJefferson•我发现，我越是努力，就越发幸运。•—托马斯·杰斐逊（美国第3任总统）Lesson4ThedoublelifeofAlfredBloggsNewwordsandexpressions生词和短语•Manualadj.体力的(=physical)←→automatic自动的•manualwork:体力工作mentalwork:脑力工作•onmanual处于手动状态corporeal身体的mental脑力的spiritual精神的intellectual智力的•n.使用手册，说明书，指南•词汇拓展：manu-手•manuscript手写稿/manufacture手工制作/manure（人工）粪肥/manumit释放/manumission释放/maneuver调遣，演习•auto-自动•automatictransmission自动挡/ATM(automatictellermachine)•automobile汽车/autonomousregion自治区/autism自闭症•Collar.n.衣领(:thepartofashirtetc.thatfitsaroundyourneck)•white-collar白领bule-collar蓝领golden-collars金领•pink-collars粉领（尤指工作高雅的女士，如模特，空姐等）•gray-collars灰领（尤指服务行业）•（get)hotunderthecollar:怒气冲天dogcollar狗皮带Newwordsandexpressions生词和短语•Sacrificevt.牺牲，献出（：togivesb.sth.thatyouwouldprefertokeep）•sacrificeone'slifeforthecountry/sacrificetime•e.g.Shesacrificedeverythingforherchildren.•sacrificesth.tosb./sth.•e.g.Doyouapproveofsacrificingcomforttoappearance?你赞同为了表面好看而不考虑其舒适吗？•giveup/letsth.go/partwith/sacrifice/tradeaway•n.祭品，献祭，牺牲makemanysacrificesNewwordsandexpressions生词和短语Privilegen.好处,优惠，特殊的荣幸，特权（=advantage/specialright）benefitsandpriviledges福利和优惠sacrificeone'sadvantage/privilege牺牲掉自己的好处givesb.theprivilegeofdoingsth.特许某人做某事e.gItwasaprivilegetohearhersing/hearinghersing.•It’smygreatprivilegetomakeyouracquaintance.结识阁下，实在是三生有幸。privilegeda.荣幸的（=honoured）Ifelt/waspleasedtobeabletohelp.(语气较privilege平淡些)Ifeelhighlyhonoredbyyourtrust.(语气较privilege礼貌些)词汇拓展：pri-个人，私自privacy秘密，情景private私人的，安静的deprive剥夺（某人的权利），使…失去Newwordsandexpressions生词和短语Dustmann.清洁工(=garbagecollector/garbageman/trashman/sanitaryengineer(委婉语))trashcan(AmE.)/dustbin(BrE.)垃圾桶Corporationn.公司（=abigcompanyoragroupofcompaniesactingtogetherasasingleorganization）multinationalcorporation跨国公司/group集团/Sino-foreignjoint-ventureenterprise合资企业/stated-ownedenterprise国企/townshipenterprise乡镇企业self-employedenterprise个体户/family-runenterprise家族式企业/firm商行/afirmofaccountants会计师事务所Newwordsandexpressions生词和短语overallsn.工作服(:aloosefittingpieceofclothinglikeacoatthatiswornoverclothestoprotectthem)showern.淋浴(间/器)(:adeviceusedforwashingyourself)；阵雨take/haveashower洗淋浴ashowerofletters/questions/criticism大量的信/问题/评论ashowerofrain/laughter/bullets一阵雨/阵阵笑声/枪林弹雨ashowerofarrows/blessings如雨点般的乱箭/一番祝福meteorshower流星雨becaughtinashower遇到阵雨c.f.bathe沐浴cascade瀑布deluge大洪水downpour倾盆大雨cloudburst倾盆大雨vt.&vi.下阵雨;似阵雨般降落/大量地给予beshoweredwithkisses/blows/questions被一通狂吻，一通暴揍，问了一大堆的问题showerceaselessly不停地下雨showergenerously慷慨地给予e.g.Theyshowerthenewlymarriedpairwithrice。他们把大量的米抛洒在这对新人身上Newwordsandexpressions生词和短语secretn./a.秘密（sth.isknownaboutbyonlyasmallnumberofpeople,andisnottoldorshowntoanyoneelse）c.f.confidential：机密的keepone'ssecret:保密insecret:私下里,秘密地,暗自地,偷偷地（=secretly/inprivate/privately）e.g.Iwastoldaboutitinsecret.inthesecret:知道内情e.g.Hewasinthesecretfromthebeginning.makenosecretof不隐瞒letsb.intothe/asecret让某人知道某个秘密statusn.地位(:socialposition)ahigh/lowstatusinsociety高的/低的社会地位employment/marital/financialstatus就业/婚姻/收入状况c.f.statue:雕像，塑像/stature身材，身高，声望/statute法令，法规Everydaysentence•It'seasytostandwiththecrowd.Ittakescouragetostandalone.•泯然众人很容易，但独一无二就需要勇气了。TextanalysisThedoublelifeofAlfredBloggsThesedays,peoplewhodomanualworkoftenreceivefarmoremoneythanpeoplewhoworkinoffices.•thesedays如今/nowadays目前/presently时下/currently当今/•forthetimebeing眼下•peoplewhodomanualwork=blue-collarworkers•peoplewhoworkinoffices/domentalwork=white-collarworkers•receive/earn/makemoney赚钱•far(adv.)用于比较级前表程度，为程度副词。其他类似的词汇有：much,still,even,slightly,any,alot,alittle,abit,agooddeal,completely,twice,half,20percent,nearly,severaltimesetc.•e.g.Thesunisalotbiggerandbrighterthanthemoon.•Thenewmethodis20percentmoreefficientthanthetraditionalone.该句是一个典型的模仿句型，用于描述两种人物的对比。如：Thesedays,peoplewhoworkinfilmdomoftenreceivefarmoremoneythanordinarypeople.如今，影视界的人比普通人收入高出许多。TextanalysisPeoplewhoworkinofficesarefrequentlyreferredtoaswhite-collarworkersforthesimplereasonthattheyusuallywearacollarandtietogotowork.•refertoAasB=regardAasB把A看作B•call/nameAB把A叫做/命名为B•e.g.Ialwaysrefertohimasbookworm（书呆子）•refertosb/sth提及，针对，查看•Don'trefertothematteragain.不要再提这件事了。•Theregulationsreferonlytochildren.这些规定只适用于儿童。•Ireferredtomywatchfortheexacttime.我看了一下手表好知道准确时间。•referback转回，搁置•Thequestionwasreferredback.该问题被搁置。•forthesimplereason：for引导的原因状语从句forthereasonthat比because正式，因此多用于正式文体Textanalysis•acollarandtie如果用作主语，谓语动词应用单数，因为该词组只在首个名词前加冠词a,将其作为一个整体看待。但若在第二个名词也加a，则变成了两个概念，谓语动词要用复数：•e.g.Acollarandtieisimportanttomen.衬衫和领带对于男士很重要。Acollarandatiewerefoundinthecar.在车里找到了一件衬衫和一条领带。•Theownerandeditorofthenewspaperistoattendtheconference.•这家报纸的创办者兼编辑将要出席会议。•Theownerandtheeditorofthenewspaperaretoattendtheconference.•这家报纸的创办者和编辑将要出席会议。Textanalysis•Suchishumannaturethatagreatmanymenareoftenwillingtosacrificehigherpayfortheprivilegeofbecomingwhite-collarworkers.•such提前到句首，恰到好处的起了强调作用。句子的重心是that从句，它作such的同位语，因为长，所以放在了最后。整个句子使用倒装语序，一气呵成！•用于描述人性特点的句型：•Suchishumannaturethatalotofpeoplewanttofollowothersforfeelingsafe.•许多人都想追随他人以获得安全感，这是人之本性。•Suchishumannaturethatmanypeoplealwayscravewhattheydon't