虚拟语气导学案及答案

1M6U3GrammarUnrealconditionals虚拟语气【学习目标】StudentsareexpectedtolearnwhentouseUnrealconditionalsandhowtouseUnrealconditionals.【知识准备】英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气三类。虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，而不表示客观存在的事实，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。条件状语从句分类条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。eg：1.Ifhedoesn'thurryup,hewillmissthebus.2.Ifheisfree,hewillaskmetotellstories.3.IfIwereyou,Iwouldgoatonce.4.Iftherewerenoair,peoplewoulddie.以上四句中和是真实语气；和是虚拟语气【自主探究】一、状语从句中的虚拟语气(一)if引导的条件状语从句1IfIhadtime,Iwouldattendthemeeting.2.IfIwereyou,Ishouldseizetheopportunitytogoabroad.3.Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice,youwouldnothavefailedintheexams.4.Ifhehadcomeearlier,hewouldn’thavemissedthefirstbus.5Iftheheadmastercametomorrow,wewouldhavethemeeting.6Ifitweretoraintomorrow,thesportsmeetingwouldbeputoff.7Ifheshouldmakeamistake,youshouldnotblamehim.与现在事实相反与过去事实相反与将来事实相反感悟：与现在事实相反1.IfIwereadoctor,Imightsaveherlifewithouthesitation.2.IfIstayedathomenow,Icouldplaycomputergames.总结形式：时态if条件从句主句与现在事实相反动词用过去式be(were)Would/could/should/might+动词原形练一练：IfIwere…____________________________________IfIhadtime…,_____________________________________译一译:1.要是他现在在这儿，我们就会问他关于这件事。Ifhewereherenow,wewouldaskhimaboutit.2.即使她现在在这儿，她也不能解决这个问题。Eventhoughshewere/washere,shecouldn'tsolvetheproblem.感悟：与过去事实相反21.IfIhadearnedalotofmoneylastyear,Iwouldhaveboughtacar.2.Iftheearthquakehadn’thappenedinWenchuanin2008,manypeoplewouldn’thavelostfamilies.总结形式：时态if条件从句主句与过去事实相反动词用过去完成式would/could/should/might(not)+havedone练一练：1.Ifthefarmerhadn’tseenthesnake,he_______________(notput)itinthearms.2.Ifhe______________(notput)itinthearms,thesnakewouldn’thavebittenhim.3.Ifthesnake_______________(notbite)him,he________________(notdie).4.Ifmylawyer___________(notbehere)lastSaturday,he____________(prevent)mefromgoing.4如果我好好学习_____________________________________________________________如果昨天我听你的建议，…______________________________________________________如果我更小心地开车，…________________________________________________________如果上个月没下雨，…___________________________________________________________感悟：与将来事实相反1.Inthefuture,ifIhad10,000,000yuan,Iwouldbuyahouse.2.IfthewaterinthePacificOceanweretobepouredout,itwouldn’tstopmylove.3.Ifheshouldcometomorrow,Iwouldtalktohimaboutit.总结形式:时态if条件从句主句与将来事实相反练一练：1.Ifeveryone_____________(help)thoseinneedinfuture,theworldwouldbeamuchbetterplace.2.Ifit_________(be)finethisweekend,wewouldhaveapicnic.3.IfI_________(beadmitto)afamousuniversityintwoyears,Iwouldtreatyoutoabigmeal.4.Ifit_____________(snow)tomorrow,wewouldgoskiing.译一译：1.如果我今天下午看见他了，我会告诉他的。2.要是我将来赚了一千万，我就自己建立一个学校。3.他要是敢解雇我，我就泄露他所有的秘密。（二）：条件状语的倒装：如果条件状语中有were,had,should时,可以倒装成：Were/Should/Had+主+其他1.IfIwereyou,Iwouldtryitagain.___________________,Iwouldtryitagain.32.Ifhehadbeenthereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenthefilm._______________thereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenthefilm.3.Ifitshouldsnowtomorrow,wewouldn’tgoout._____________tomorrow,wewouldn’tgoout.注意：在省略句型中，只有haddone的had才能省略，实义动词had不能省。1IfIhadtimenow,Iwouldgotothelibrary.HadItimenow,…….(误）（三）．错综时间条件句：假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定。1.Iftheweatherhadbeenfined,thecropswouldbegrowingstillbetter.2.Ifyouhadfollowedtheteacher’sadvice,youwouldn’tbeinthehospital.3.Ifyouhadcomeandattendedthemeetingyesterday,you__________(know)whatwearedoingnow.4.Ifyou__________(take)myadvicethen,you_________________________(现在就不会有麻烦了)5._____herhusband_________(kill)inthewar,shewouldnotbehelpingotherswithhouseworknow.（四）：含蓄条件句：有时虚拟的条件不是通过条件句来表示，而是用一些词或短语，如without,butfor,or,otherwise等，这种句子叫含蓄条件句。1.Butforelectricity(=Ifitwerenotforelectricity),therewouldbenomodernindustry.2.Withoutyourhelp(Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp),wecouldnothavesucceed.3.Iwasillthatday.Otherwise,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeet.Key:1.wouldnothaveput2.hadnotput3.hadnotbitten/wouldnothavedied4.hadnotbeenhere/wouldnothaveprevented练一练：填入合适的动词形式。1）Withoutair,there____________nolifeontheearth.(be)2）He__________________butforhisteacher’stimelyadvice.(fail)3）We___________________theworkbetterinthatcase.(do)4）Hewouldhavecometoseeyouyesterdaymorningbuthe_____________animportantmeetingtoattend.(have)Key:1)wouldbe2)wouldhavefailed3)wouldhavedone4)had【巩固提升】当堂训练：1.Ifyou__________(speak)tohimlasttimeyousawhim,you__________(know)whattodonow.2.IfI____(havenot)somuchworktodo,I__________(notmiss)thefilmlastnight.3.Ifyou_________(hesitate)thismoment,you_____(suffer)infuture.4.IfMary________________________(arrive)today,shemusthavestartedthreedaysago.5.Ifit___________(snow)lastnight,it____________(be)verycoldtoday.46.---Whydidn’thecome?----He______________butshedidn’thavetime.(come)7.Shewouldputonweightbutshe__________(noteat)enough.Key:1.hadspoken2.hadnothad/wouldnothavemissed3.hesitated/wouldsuffer4.arrived5.hadsnowed/wouldbe6.wouldhavecome7.didn’teat8.如果我早上出门带钱了，现在就不如此尴尬了。9.要不是你的帮助，我是不会成功通过考试的。10.她感觉不舒服，不然她不会那么早离开会场的。11.如果他没有生病并且错过了那么多的课，他就会取得更大的进不了。12.如果不是你的建议，我们不可能克服这些困难。13.如果不是窗户开着睡觉，你就不会感冒了。14.我不知道他的电话号码，否则的话，我就会给他打电话了。15.如果不是英语老师的帮助，我们就不可能赢得英语写作竞赛一等奖了。16.如果我们继续这样折腾地球，我们将来将无立足之地。单项选择1．Wereitnotforthesnowywe