形容词、副词用法课件

形容词和副词比较级和最高级河南省商城县观庙一中穆正东一．形容词1.掌握下列名词和形容词的转化•sun-sunnyfriend–friendly•care-carefulwind-windy•rain-rainyuse-useful•cloud-cloudy•2.表语形容词：afraid害怕的alive活着的•alone单独的ashamed羞愧的•asleep睡着的awake醒着的•fine健康的ill有病的3.以ly结尾的形容词：•1）大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively，ugly，brotherly，仍为形容词。2）有些以-ly结尾既为形容词，也为副词。daily，weekly，monthly，early，earlyTheTimesisadailypaper.TheTimesispublisheddaily.用法例句补充说明作定语Thisisaninterestingbook.Ihavenothingimportanttotellyou.形容词作定语时放在被修饰词之前，修饰不定代词放在后面作表语Theworkisdifficult.Shelookshappytoday.作表语与系动词连用作宾补Pleasekeeptheroomclean.Ifinditverybeautiful.4、形容词的用法•副词的分类•时间副词now,before,lately,tonight•地点副词here,there,somewhere•频率副词always,often,usually,seldom•程度副词very,rather,quite,enough•方式副词quickly,carefully,calmly•方向副词forward,backward•疑问副词when,where,how,why•连接副词when,where,why,how副词的构成有许多副词是对应的形容词加ly构成,如:strong--stronglyreal--really词尾是y的要把y变为i再加ly,busy--busilyhappy--happily以e结尾的,大部分直接加-ly,wide–widelylate--lately有几个特殊的要去e后再加-ly或y,true--trulyterrible--terribly•副词的用法•1.主要用作状语,修饰动词、形容词、副词，还可以修饰介词短语和句子。Ihavealreadypreparedmylesson.(修饰动词)Hehasbeenextremelybusythesedays.(修饰形容词)•2.也可以用作表语或定语,作定语时通常后置.Thegirlthereismysister.(作定语)Isyourbrotherin?(作表语)•3.有些副词(rather、quite等)通常可以防在名词前用于加强语气.用法例句作表语Mymotherisout.作定语Thegirlthereismyfriend.作状语Herunsfast.作宾补Ifoundhimoutside.规则变化•1.单音节和少数双音节单词，一般在词尾加“er”或“est”。•clean,tall,small,cheap,short,long,light,high•2.以不发音字母“e”结尾的单词，直接在词尾加“r”或“st”。•nice,late,close,fine,large,free,rude3.以重读闭音节结尾的单词，如果词尾只有一个辅音字母时，应先双写这一辅音字母，再加“er”或“est”。fat,big,red,thin,hot,fat,sad,wet4.以辅音字母+y结尾的单词，应先改“y”为“i”，在加“er”或“est”。happy,easy,heavy,healthy,busy,lucky,pretty,sunny,funny5.其他双音节单词和多音节单词，都在其前面加“more”或“most”。(beautiful,interesting)6.不规则变化。记忆口诀：合二为一共三对，“坏bad”,“病ill”,两多many/much”和“两好good/well”，一分为二只两个，一是“远far”来二是“老old”，还有一词little含双义，只记“少”来不记“小”。Readandcompare:younglongfullshortsmalloldfineeasyhungryearlyheavybigredyoungeryoungestlongerlongestfullerfullestshortershortestsmallersmallestolderoldestfinerfinesteasiereasiesthungrierhungriestearlierearliestheavierheaviestbiggerbiggestredderreddesthealthymanyfamousillexcitingcarefullywethotlittlefewhealthierhealthiestmoremostmorefamousmostfamousworseworstmoreexcitingmostexcitingmorecarefullymostcarefullywetterwettesthotterhottestlessleastfewerfewest不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest形容词副词原级用法:***1.as+adj/adv.的原级+as(肯,否),(not)so…as(否)eg.Therulerisaslongasthatone.HesingsaswellasJack.Hedoesn’tsingas(so)wellasJack.2.asmuchas,asmanyas与…一样多eg.Ihavedoneasmuchworkashedidyesterday.Youcantakeasmanybooksasyoucan.1、比较级+thanSheisfatterthanhe.Heisthinnerthanshe.2、…比较级+and+比较级…越来越…Inspring,thedaysaregettinglongerandlonger.Hisvoicegotweakerandweakerintheend.ThesedaysmoreandmorepeoplearelearningEnglish.Ifindthepriceofhouseismoreandmoreexpensive.Itbecomescolderandcolderwhenwintercomes.3、表示两者之间的选择，可使用“Which/Who+比较级，…or…?”Whichislonger,thisoneorthat?Whoistaller,MaryorJane?形容词和副词的比较级其它用法1．表示倍数的三个句型：(1)．..timesas＋形容词原级＋as...Thistableis3timesasbigasthatone.(2)．..timesthe＋性质名词＋of...Thistableis3timesthesizeofthatone.(3)．..times＋形容词比较级＋than...Thistableis2timesbiggerthanthatone.2同程度级的比较，用as...as，thesameas，such...as引导：Henrydoesnothaveso/asmanybooksasIhave.亨利不如我的书多。3．the＋比较级……，the＋比较级……Themoreyoutalked，thelessattentionhepaidtoyou.你说得越多，他越不注意你。4．the＋比较级＋ofthetwo＋名词：Thetallerofthetwoboysismybrother.这两个男孩中较高的是我弟弟。5．一个人的两种品质的比较，用more...than结构：Ithinkshe’smoreshythanunfriendly.与其说她不友好，不如说她害羞。6．否定＋比较级＝最高级Thereisnogreaterlovethanthatofamanwholaysdownhislifeforhisfriends.为朋友而放弃生命的人的爱是最伟大的爱。7．比较的对象不能相互包容，注意：比较级+than+anyother＋单数名词alltheother＋复数名词anyoneelseanyoftheother＋复数名词TheMississippiRiverislongerthananyotherriverintheUnitedStates.密西西比河是美国最长的河。8．比较级的修饰语常见的有：much，still，even，far，any(用于否定句或疑问句)，alot，alittle，agreatdeal，byfar，abit，threetimes等。Thestudentsstudyevenharderthanbefore.学生们比以前学习更努力了。anyother+单数theother+复数/theothers8．比较的对象应该相同。ThepopulationofChinaislargerthanthatofanyothercountryintheworld.中国的人口比世界上任何其他国家的都多。Chinahasalargerpopulationthananyothercountryintheworld.9.no＋比较级＋than的特殊含义AisnomorecarefulthanB．A和B两人都不仔细。AisnolesscarefulthanB．A和B两人都很仔细。1、the最高级+of(in)…HongJinbaoZhengZeshiNuttyZhengisfatterthanHong.Nuttyisthefattestofthethree.Noodlesaremoredeliciousthandumplings.Thecakeisthemostdeliciousofall.2、副词的最高级前（the)可以省略Tomrunsfast.Jillrunsfaster.Bobrunsfastest.Tomcomestoschoollate.Jillcomestoschoollater.Bobcomestoschoollatest.LuXunisoneofthegreatestwriterslastcentury.TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.3、表示“最……之一”和“第……个最……”时oneof+最高级+名词复数thefirst/second/third+最高级+名词单数。4、用or连接两项需作比较的内容时，须用比较级；若or连接三项或三项以上的内容时，则须用最高级。Whoistaller,MaryorJane?Whichisbiggest,thesun,themoonortheearth?5、Alice’sdietwaslesshealthythanDanny’sdiet.(不如)(more…than胜于)ThisT-shirtisthesamesizeasthatone.Theredshirtisfiveyuancheaperthanthatblueone.Whichistheleastinterestingfilmyou’veeverseen?ThisparkisthreetimesasbigastheSummerPalace.(倍数+as…as)Thisbookcosttwiceasmuchasthatone.6、掌握几种同义句转换