英文科技论文写作第三课 正文

LOGOScientificwritingBodyGeneraloverviewBodyisthecoreandmainpartofthescientificpaperYoumaygivequestionsandanswerthem。PresentthetechnicalityandinnovationtotallyTheinnovativeinformationmaybereflectedinbodyRepresenttheacademiclevelofthepaperFiveMainPartsIntroductionIntroduction/Overview（引言）Materialsandexperiments（试验与方法）Results（结果）Discussion（讨论）Conclusion（结论）正文的论述方式一种是将科学研究的全过程作为一个整体，对有关各方面作综合性的论述；另一种是将科学研究的全过程按研究内容的实际情况划分为几个阶段，再对各阶段的成果依次进行论述。由于研究对象、研究方法和研究成果的不同，以及学科的不同，对正文的写作和编排不作统一的规定，但一般的正文部分都应包括研究的对象、方法、结果和讨论这几个部分。INTRODUCTION引言（导论）GeneralKnowledge1.FunctionAccountforthemotivationExplainthepurpose2.Maincontents:BackgroundandmotivationoftheresearchThemainresearchworkPurposeStatusoftheresearchinthedomain3.步骤步骤一：Backgroundinformation步骤二：literaturereview步骤三：givequestions步骤四：introducethepurpose步骤五：pointoutthetheoreticalvalueandpracticalvalue步骤六：introducethestructure4.写作要求Comestraightlytothepoint.Beconciseandcomprehensive,highlightthemainpointsBePracticalandrealisticEchototheconclusionDon’tneedtointroducetheresultsappraisalDoparagraphdivision,noillustrationortables,noformulation背景资料Waytodevelop：FromwideragetospecificfactsGeneralfactsintherelateddomainoftheresearchGeneralfactsinthesub-domainThesisandrelatedfactsinthesub-domainSampleInthefirsthalfofthetwentiethcentury,themasterswhoopenedthepathtoModernismattemptedtofindthenewdevicesbywhichtheycouldre-constitutetheliteratureandre-presentthecomplexmodernreality.Myth,withtheextensivehistoricaldimensionsandmoreflexibleform,comestoappearasapowerfulapproachtocreatingthecontinuitybetweentheancientandthepresent.T.S.Eliot，aprominentfigureamongmodernists,wrotehispoemsinsucharevolutionaryandinheritance-neededliteraryenvironment.Inhismajorpoetry,thepoetshowshisstrongconsciousnessofmyth.Analysis:DevicesforModernismtore-constitutetheliterature→Mythasapowerfuldevices→T.S.Eliotandhisconsciousnessofmyth介绍研究内容及研究目的Introducingmethod：PointsouttheunsettledquestionsoropenquestionsintherelatedresearchTurntoyourstudyingpurposeandresearchactivities.注意事项：一般用转折副词从背景介绍转到介绍研究中尚存在的问题。However,but,yete.g.However,fewstudieshavebeendoneon…正确使用单复数。(1)countablen.:Study,paper,researcher,investigator(2)uncountablen.:work,literature,research,attentionSample:Insomestudies,ontheotherhand,trafficwasappliedespeciallyaftersecondarysoiltillage(耕种)andpre-plantinginter-row,intra-rowandinentireplotarea,andtheeffectscompaction（压缩）wasobserved.However,duringespeciallypre-plantingherbicide（除草剂）application,tractor(拖拉机)wheelcreatesadditionalcompactionbypressingonintra-roworinter-rowareas.Effectsofthisextracompactionhappenedaftertillagebutbeforeplantingoperationhavenotbeenstudiedyet.Inthisstudy,itwasaimedtodeterminetheeffectofsoilcompactionduetowheeltrafficonthevegetativeandgenerativegrowthofsunflower,whichiswidelygrowninTurkey.Pre-andpost-plantingcompactiontreatmentswereappliedinter-rows;intra-rowsandintheentireplotarea.Acontrolplotwasusedforcomparison.SampleAnalysis:1.Backgroundintroduction2.Problemsexistingintherelatedstudy3.Purposeofauthor’sstudy4.StudysituationandcontentUsefulExpressionsandSentences1.国内外相关课题的研究成果和现状句型1）sb.tested(developed,reported,carriedexperimentson,conducted,used…),theyfoundthat…句型2）sth.Were(was)conducted(performed,made,…)bysb.Examples:Oneoftheearliestreportsof…wasmadein1931byAandB.Earlystudiesin…werereportedin1931byA.Anothermethodof…hasbeenusedbyAetal.(1983).Thewaysthatresearchershaveputforwardmaybeconcludedintwosorts.Oneis…,theotheris…Roughlyspeaking,thesetheoriesfallintotwocategories:oneis…;andtheotheris…Thepreviousworkon…hadindicatedthat…SomeworkhadalsobeenpresentedrecentlybyauthorssuchasA(1994),and…Thehistoryoftheuseof…datesbacktotheendofthelastcentury.2.相关研究未得到充分认识Althoughanumberofpapershavebeenpublishedinthegeneralareaof…,littleworkhasbeencarriedoutfor…Despitetherecentprogress,thereisnogenerallyacceptedtheoryconcerning……hasnotyetbeenthoroughlyinvestigated.3.说明相关研究不足之处However,thismethodcannotbeusedtoanalyzemorepracticalcasesinwhich…Thelimitationsof…havebeenrecognized.Oneproblemfrequentlyencounteredisthat…Alloftheabovemodelsignored…Thetheorycannotapplytoothercasesof…4.研究内容Thisarticlepresentsananalysisof…Itistheparticularintentionofthisworktoremarkuponthe…Inthispaperwedevelopsomemethodsfor…Theauthorhaslimitedhisstudiestotherelatedaspectsof…Theproblemunderdiscussioniswithinthescopeof…5.研究目的Theaimoftheresearchpresentedinthispaperistofindawayfor…Thisresearchworkhasbeenundertakentoenhanceourunderstandingofthe…Animportantobjectiveofthisstudyistoexamine…Onthebasisofexistingliteraturedata,wecarriedoutstudiesinaneffortto…6.全文结构和各部分内容Thepaperisorganizedintofivesections.Thispaperbeginswithashortdescriptionof…,andgoesontodescribeandevaluate….Resultsofexperimentaltestingareprovidedanddiscussed…Severalconclusionaredrawnfromthestudy…SectionIIisabriefintroductionto…SectionIIIintroducesthe…SectionIVgivesnewdesignimplications…SectionVconcludeswithexperimentalresults.Experimentandthemethods试验与方法基本内容和结构Including:ExperimentalpurposeEx