U2 L3-- Grammar Present Perfect Past Simple

Unit2HeroesPresentPerfectandPastSimpleStudythetwogroupsofsentencesfromthetext.Workoutthedifferencesinpairs.a)Sincethen,shehaswonWimbledonandtheUSOpentwice.b)Hastennisevercausedproblemsbetweenthesisters?a)Thesisters’father,Richard,startedtotrainVenusandSerenawhentheywereyoungchildren.b)ThefirsttimeVenusplayedinabigtournamentwasin1996.一、构成:助动词have/has＋动词的过去分词二、用法:1.表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,一般不与表示特定的过去时间状语连用。如:PresentPerfect(现在完成时)Ihavelostmykey.(结果是没有钥匙不能开门)Ihaveeatenmylunch.(结果是现在不饿)2.表示过去已经开始,一直延续到现在的动作或状态,常与表示一段时间的状语连用。如:IhavelearnedEnglishfor10years.IhavelivedheresinceIwasborn.三、与现在完成时连用的时间状语:1.表频度:ever,never,often,sometimes,twice,onseveraloccasions等。如:HehasbeentotheUSAtwice.2.表不确定的时间:already,yet,just,before,recently,lately等。如:Thetrainhasjustleft.3.表示一段时间:sofar(到目前为止),uptonow(直到现在),for+一段时间,since+过去的时间点,forthepast/lastfewyears,sincethen,since+从句等。如:IhavetaughtEnglishatthisschoolsinceIgraduatedfromcollege.4.包含现在的时间状语:thismorning,today,thisweek,thesedays,now等。如:Hehaswrittentwolettersthismorning.(说话时间在上午)PastSimple(一般过去时)一、用法1、表示过去经常发生的动作。Heoftenwenttoswimintheriverwhenhewasyoung.2、表示一个发生在过去特定时间的动作或状态，与现在没有联系。WehadaclassmeetinglastMonday.3、有些情况，发生的时间不很清楚，但实际上是过去发生的，应当用过去时。Iwasgladtohearfromyou.Whatwasthefinalscore?Ithoughtyouwereout.Howdidyouliketheirperformance?Itwasapitythatyoudidn’tgotothetalk.二、构成肯定句：主语+过去式+其他。否定句：主语+didn’t+动词原形+其他。一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其他？三、常用的时间状语有yesterday,yesterdaymorning/afternoon/evening,lastweek/month/year…,in1990，tenminutesago,justnow等。现在完成时强调对现在的影响，不与具体过去时间状语连用，但可与ever,never,before,just,already连用。一般过去时，表示过去某个时间发生的动作，与具体的过去时间状语连用。如：yesterday，in1970，justnow，amomentago等。一般过去时与现在完成时的区别一般过去时说的是过去发生的或已经结束了的动作，它和现在没有直接关系，即使事实上和现在有关系，说话时也不强调这种关系，而只是指出那个动作发生在过去某一时间，而现在完成时却正要强调过去的动作和现在的关系。Hehascleanedtheroom.Hecleanedtheroomanhourago,butit'sdirtynow.Completethesentenceswiththewordsintheblank.1.Withthemedicineboxunderherarm,MissZhao______(hurry)offtolookaftertheman.2.Jim_________(make)manyfriendssincehe______(come)toChina.3.They___________(know)eachotherforabouttenyears.4.He______already_______(write)alettertothefactorytoaskthemtostopmakingnoise.5.—When______she______(leave)?—Twohoursago.hurriedhasmadecamehaveknownhaswrittendidleave6.—______you______(see)thefilmbefore?—Yes,I______.—Where______you______(see)it?—AtTheQueen’sCinema.7.—Thankyouallthesame,Mr.Black,butIdon’teatsweets.—Oh,Iamsorry.I___________(notknow)that.8.Theyusually______(go)fishingwhentheylivedthere.9.Howlong______she______(be)ill?10.Theydidn’tstarttoworkinthefielduntiltherain________(stop).Haveseenhavedidseedidn’tknowwenthasbeenstoppedChoosethebestanswer.1.---IhaveseenthefilmTitanicalready.---When___you___it?Lastyear?A.have;seenB.did;seeC.will;seeD.did;seen2.Mr.Smith____since1997.A.livedB.haslivedC.livesD.isgoingtolive3.We____treeslastweekend.Sofarwe____morethan3,000treesthere.A.planted;plantedB.planted;haveplantedC.haveplanted;plantedD.haveplanted;haveplantedBBB4.Tomaswellashisparentsandsometeachers____presentattheclassmeetingtheotherday.A.isB.wereC.areD.was5.Kateisdreamingofhavingherowncellphone,butherparents_____nottobuyherone.A.weredecidingB.willdecideC.havedecidedD.haddecidedDC6.Mr.Li____intheschoolfor12years,andwe’reallfamiliarwithhim.A.taughtB.hasbeentaughtC.hasbeenteachingD.hadtaught7.Hisfather_____inthevillagefor20yearsbeforecomingtothecityin2008.A.livedB.haslivedC.hasbeenlivingD.livesCA8.Fortypercentofthelandhere______intoricefieldssofar.A.hasbeenturnedB.wasturnedC.turnedD.hasturned9.—He_______hewouldbethereontime.—Buthe_______lateagain,whichmadehisbossveryangry.A.says;wasB.said;wasC.hassaid;isD.issaying;isAB10.I’dliketogoandvisithermyself,butI____whereshelivesyet.A.haven’tfoundoutB.hadn’tfoundoutC.didn’tfindoutD.don’tfindout11.He____asaheroforhelpingpolicearrest(逮捕)thethieflastyear.A.isregardedB.wasregardedC.hasregardedD.hadbeenregardedAB12.—HaveyouknownDr.Jacksonforalongtime?—Yes,sinceshe_____theChineseSociety.(2008年,全国卷Ⅰ)A.hasjoinedB.joinsC.hadjoinedD.Joined13.IliketheseEnglishsongsandthey______manytimesontheradio.(2008年,安徽卷)A.taughtB.havetaughtC.aretaughtD.havebeentaughtDD