加热炉温度控制系统设计

毕业设计说明书加热炉温度控制系统设计学生姓名：学号：学院：专业：指导教师：2017年6月何琪1302054347机械与动力工程学院过程装备与控制工程刘广璞中北大学2017届毕业设计说明书加热炉温度控制系统设计摘要：现代社会的工业发展越来越趋向于自动化，而在自动控制装置中可编程控制器被广泛的应用,因为它在老式的继电器的基础上将控制技术、通信技术、计算机技术融于一体，同时，与传统的老师继电器相比，它的控制能力更强，操作也更为简单方便,安全可靠性更高，这对于现代工业经常性的长期连续工作来说，采用它来进行温度控制将更合适。本文主要通过对整个加热炉温度控制系统的总体方案设计,对其PLC，温度变送器和调功器等元件进行了选型，设计了I/O端口分配表，设计了硬件连线图，系统流程框图，选择西门子S7-200PLC,完成了手动和自动的程序设计,以自动控制理论为理论核心,解决加热炉温度控制问题。关键字：PLC，加热炉，温度控制系统，自动控制中北大学2017届毕业设计说明书DesignofHeatingFurnaceTemperatureControlSystemAbstract：Modernindustrydevelopmentisbecomingmoreandmoreautomated,andintheautomaticcontroldeviceofprogrammablecontrolleriswidelyused,becauseitisbasedontheoldrelay,controltechnology,communicationtechnology,computertechnologyintoone,atthesametime,comparedwiththetraditionalteacherrelaycontrol,itsabilityisstronger,theoperationismoresimpleandconvenient,safeandreliable,forthelong-termcontinuousworkofmodernindustryregularly,itwillbemoresuitableforthetemperaturecontrol.Thispapermainlythroughtheoveralldesignoftheheatingfurnacetemperaturecontrolsystem,choosethebesthardwaredesign,theuseofsoftware,programflowchart,ideas,textandotheraspectsdetailedintroducestheprincipleofeachmodule,designandapplication,withtheuseofcontrolalgorithmandprogramdesign.TakingPLCasthecore,throughthePLCprogrammingthetemperaturecontrolobject,canbeconvenientlydesignedtomeetthetemperaturerequirementsofthecontrolsystem.TheSIEMENSS7-200PLC,andprogramminglanguagedesign,withautomaticcontroltheory,solvetheproblemofheatingfurnacetemperaturecontrol.Keywords:PLC，Heatingfurnace，Temperaturecontrolsystem，Automaticcontrol第Ⅰ页共Ⅱ页目录1绪论..............................................................................................................................11.1系统设计背景..........................................................................................................11.2本文的研究内容......................................................................................................12设计总体方案及控制算法描述..................................................................................22.1系统总体方案..........................................................................................................22.1.1硬件方案设计......................................................................................................22.1.2软件方案设计......................................................................................................32.2PID控制算法...........................................................................................................62.2.1PID算法...............................................................................................................62.2.2PID在PLC中的回路指令...................................................................................72.2.3PID参数整定.......................................................................................................82.3本章小结..................................................................................................................93系统硬件设计............................................................................................................103.1系统的硬件组成....................................................................................................103.1.1系统结构组成....................................................................................................103.1.2系统各个组成部分完成的任务........................................................................103.2可编程控制器........................................................................................................103.2.1PLC的选型.........................................................................................................103.2.2西门子S7-200主要功能模块介绍..................................................................103.3系统其他硬件选型及配置....................................................................................123.3.1显示模块............................................................................................................123.3.2温度传感器........................................................................................................133.3.3调功器................................................................................................................143.4系统硬件链接........................................................................................................163.5本章小结................................................................................................................174系统软件设计............................................................................................................184.1方案设计思路........................................................................................................18第Ⅱ页共Ⅱ页4.2主程序部分............................................................................................................204.3标度变换子程序....................................................................................................224.4显示模块子程序....................................................................................................244.5PID初始化子程序及中断程序...