专四__比较结构

比较结构1．TestYourself1)Radio,televisionandpress____ofconveyingnewsandinformation.(1995.6)A.arethemostthreecommonmeansB.arethemostcommonthreemeansC.arethethreemostcommonmeansD.arethreethemostcommonmeans[C]2)Thetrumpetplayerwascertainlyloud.ButIwasn'tbotheredbyhisloudness___byhislackoftalent.(1999.1)A.thanB.morethanC.asD.somuchas[D][3)Americanseat____astheyactuallyneedeveryday.(1998.6)A.twiceasmuchproteinB.twiceproteinasmuchtwiceC.twiceproteinasmuchD.proteinastwicemuch[A]4)Thelittlemanwas____morethanonemeterfiftytall.(1995.1)A.nearlyB.quiteC.hardlyD.almost[C]5)Certainprogramsworkbetterforsome___forothers.(1995.1)A.andB.thanC.asD.but[B]6)Itisnotunusualforworkersinthatregion____.(1995.1)A.tobepaidmorethanamonthlateB.tobepaidlaterthanmoreamonthC.topaylaterthanamonthmoreD.topaylatemorethanamonth[A]英语中比较结构最主要有三种：1.as…as…结构2.more…than…结构3.themost…结构1.as…as…结构基本模式：as+adj/adv(原级）+as…否定形式：1)notas/so+adj/adv(原级）+as…2)也可用less…than…e.gJohnisasbrightasBob.(否定）JohnisnotasbrightasBob.JohnislessbrightthanBob.另一种模式：asmuch/many+n+as…否定形式：notas/somuch/many+n+as…1)Hetookasmuchbutterasheneeded.Hedidn’ttakeas/somuchbutterasheneeded.2)Shehaswrittenasmanyessaysasherbrother(does).Shehasn’twrittenasmanyessaysasherbrother(does).变体形式：as+adj(原级）+名词词组+as…(注意下列句子的语序）1.GeorgeisasefficientaworkerasJack.(名词的意义受到强调）orGeorgeisaworker(whois)asefficientasJack.(形容词的意义受到强调）2.Idon’twantasexpensiveacarasthis.真题举例Thereareasgoodfishinthesea____evercameoutofit.(2007,51)A.thanB.likeC.asD.so[C]【译文】海里的好鱼是取之不尽的。（纵然失去一个机会，不愁没有其他机会。）【详解】本句改自爱尔兰谚语：There’sasgoodfishintheseaasevercameoutofit.2.more…than…结构Theconcertwasmoreenjoyablethanlecture.Thepresentcrisisismuchmoreapoliticalthananeconomiccrisis.当前的危机与其说是经济危机，不如说是政治危机。此用法也可用于less…than…结构，但得出相反的含义。Thepresentcrisisismuchlessapoliticalthananeconomiccrisis.当前的危机与其说是政治危机，不如说是经济危机。※补充说明notso…asLondonisn’tsobigasTokyo.notsomuch…as与其说……不如说……Itwasn’tsomuchhisappearanceIlikedashispersonality.(与其说我喜欢他的外表，不如说我喜欢他的为人。）真题举例：1.Itisnotsomuchthelanguage_____thebackgroundthatmakesthebookdifficulttounderstand.(99,45)(07.57)A.thatB.asC.soD.very[B]【详解】本题考察的是notsomuch……as……这一比较结构的用法，意为“与其说……不如说……”。2.Thattrumpetplayerwascertainlyloud.ButIwasn’tbotheredbyhisloudness_____byhislackoftalent.(04,51)A.somuchasB.ratherthanC.asD.than[A]【详解】notsomuchas为固定搭配，表示“与其说是……，倒不如说是……”，几个值得注意的比较级句式1.not+比较级+than/no+比较级+than比较级前加not，表示前者不如后者，与notas…as相当；比较级前加no是对两者的否定，意为“和……一样不……”，与neither…nor…或“as+相反意义的形容词或副词+as”相当。如：HisEnglishisnotbetterthanmine.他的英语不如我的英语好。HisEnglishisnobetterthanmine.他的英语同我的英语一样不好。(即一样差)Youarenotmorecarefulthanheis.你不如他仔细。Youarenomorecarefulthanheis.你和他一样不仔细。(即一样粗心)2.nomorethan与notmorethan两者均可表示数量，前者表示“仅仅”、“只不过”，强调少；而后者表示“不多于”、“至多”。如：Thistesttakesnomorethanthirtyminutes.这个测验只需30分钟。Hehasnotmorethanthreechildren.他最多3个孩子(有或许还不到3个之意)。3.nomore…than与notmore…than两者均可用于比较，前者表示对两者都否定，而后者则指两者虽都具有某种特征，但程度不同，意为“不如”、“不及”(=notso...as)。nomore…than(=not…anymorethan)两者一样都不,表示对两者都否定，意为“同……一样不”(=neither...nor)Awhaleisnomoreafishthanahorseis.鲸不是鱼，如同马不是鱼一样。如：Heisnomoreawriterthanapainter.他不是画家，也不是作家。(=Heisneitherapainternorawriter.)He’snomoreabletoreadSpanishthanIam.他和我都读不懂西班牙语。(=NeitherhenorIamnotabletoreadSpanish.)Thisbookisnotmoredifficultthanthatone.这本书不比那本书更难。(Thisbookisnotsodifficultasthatone.)真题举例：1.Overpopulationposesaterriblethreattohumanrace.Yetitisprobably_____athreatthanenvironmentaldestruction.(07.62)A.nomoreB.notmoreC.evenmoreD.muchmore[B]【译文】人口过剩对人类造成了严重的威胁。但是它对人类构成的威胁很可能没有环境破坏造成的威胁大。2.Fatcannotchangeintomuscle_____musclechangesintofat.(99.44)A.anymorethanB.nomorethanC.nolessthanD.muchmorethan[A]4.nolessthan与notlessthan表示均可表示数量，前者意为“多达”、“有…之多”，强调多；后者表示“不下于”、“至少”。如：Hepaidnolessthan$10,000forit.他为此付了10000多美元。Hepaidnotlessthan$10,000forit.他为此付的钱不下10000美元。Hehasnolessthansevendaughters.他有七个女儿之多。Hehasnotlessthansevendaughters.他至少有七个女儿。5.nomore…than与noless…than前者意为“与…一样不”，否定两者；而后者则表示“和…一样”，肯定两者。如：She’snomoreagreatsingerthanIam.他不是优秀歌手，我也不是。Yourbrotherisnolesswisethanyou.你的兄弟跟你一样聪明。Awhaleisnomoreafishthanahorseis.马不是鱼，鲸也不是鱼。Adolphinisnolessacleveranimalthanadogis.海豚与狗同样都是聪明的动物。真题举例Johnis_____hardworkingthanhissister,buthefailedintheexam.(98,41)A.nolessB.nomoreC.notlessD.noso[A]6.themore…themore…与moreandmorethemore...themore…表示两个过程中同时递增，是主从结构。moreandmore只表示一个过程的不断增长。如…thewildertherangeofourlifeandthemorevariousthecontactswehave,thewilderandsupplermustbeourcommandoverarangofEnglishstyles.Thelessthesurfaceofthegroundyieldstotheweightofafully-loadedtruck,_____tothetruck.(04,57)A.thegreaterstressisB.greateristhestressC.thestressisgreaterD.thegreaterthestress[D]【译文】满载货物的卡车与地表接触的面积越小，其所承受的压力就越大。7.“ofa+n”的比较级“ofa+n”相当于一个形容词，表示具有后面那个名词的性质；若该名词为可数名词，名词之前要加不定冠词。它的比较级也要用more来修饰。如Heismoreofadoctor.他更像个医生。该结构也可以用于同级比较结构中。如Heisasofanathleteasshe.他和她一样具备运动员的素质。真题举例1.Itwas_____wehadhoped.(06,64)A.moreasuccessthanB.asuccessmorethanC.asmuchofasuccessasD.asuccessasmuchas[C]2.DoyouknowTim’sbrother?Heis_____thanTim.(05,59)A.muchmoresportsmanB.moreofasportsmanC.