计算物理2

第第第七七七章章章数数数组组组定定定义义义格格格式式式DDDIIIMMMEEENNNSSSIIIOOONNNAAA111(((NNN111))),,,AAA222(((NNN111,,,NNN222))),,,AAASSSDDD(((NNN111,,,NNN222,,,NNN333)))，，，KKK(((NNN,,,MMM)))定定定义义义了了了三三三个个个数数数组组组。。。说说说明明明：：：111定定定义义义语语语句句句，，，放放放在在在执执执行行行语语语句句句之之之前前前；；；222数数数组组组类类类型型型遵遵遵循循循III---NNN规规规则则则。。。可可可强强强行行行说说说明明明。。。例例例DDDIIIMMMEEENNNSSSIIIOOONNNAAA111(((444,,,555))),,,III(((111000))),,,MMM(((555,,,555))),,,SSSSSS(((111000000)))，，，LLLAAA（（（888）））RRREEEAAALLLIII,,,MMM不不不能能能写写写成成成RRREEEAAALLLIII(((111000))),,,MMM(((555,,,555)))IIINNNTTTEEEGGGEEERRRAAA111LLLOOOGGGIIICCCAAALLLLLLAAA或或或直直直接接接写写写成成成：：：RRREEEAAALLLIII(((111000))),,,MMM(((111000000)))IIINNNTTTEEEGGGEEERRRAAA111(((444,,,555))),,,SSSSSS(((111000000)))LLLOOOGGGIIICCCAAALLLLLLAAA（（（888）））333同同同一一一程程程序序序块块块中中中，，，数数数组组组名名名和和和变变变量量量名名名不不不能能能相相相重重重，，，也也也不不不能能能用用用同同同一一一数数数组组组名名名代代代表表表不不不同同同的的的数数数组组组。。。例例例如如如：：：DDDIIIMMMEEENNNSSSIIIOOONNNXXX(((555))),,,XXX(((555,,,555)))XXX===333...444标标标准准准fffooorrrtttrrraaannn中中中NNN111,,,NNN222,,,NNN333为为为正正正整整整数数数，，，定定定义义义数数数组组组的的的大大大小小小。。。很很很多多多版版版本本本允允允许许许如如如下下下格格格式式式定定定义义义：：：DDDIIIMMMEEENNNSSSIIIOOONNNXXX(((222:::555))),,,XXXXXX(((444:::555,,,555:::666)))定定定义义义了了了XXX数数数组组组有有有XXX(((222)))，，，XXX(((333)))，，，XXX(((444)))，，，XXX(((555)))四四四个个个元元元素素素。。。XXXXXX有有有XXXXXX(((444,,,555)))，，，XXXXXX(((444，，，666)))，，，XXXXXX(((555,,,555)))，，，XXXXXX(((555,,,666)))四四四个个个元元元素素素。。。还还还允允允许许许下下下标标标为为为负负负整整整数数数，，，例例例如如如：：：DDDIIIMMMEEENNNSSSIIIOOONNNXXX(((---222:::222)))定定定义义义了了了XXX数数数组组组有有有XXX(((---222)))，，，XXX(((---111)))，，，XXX(((000)))，，，XXX(((111)))，，，XXX(((222)))五五五个个个元元元素素素。。。特特特别别别注注注意意意：：：限限限制制制的的的放放放宽宽宽往往往往往往会会会有有有一一一定定定的的的隐隐隐患患患：：：例例例如如如：：：DDDIIIMMMEEESSSIIIOOONNNAAA(((222,,,222)))DDDOOOIII===---222,,,222DDDOOOJJJ===---222,,,222AAA(((JJJ,,,III)))===IIIEEENNNDDDDDDOOOEEENNNDDDDDDOOO(((***,,,***)))AAASSSTTTOOOPPPEEENNNDDD发发发现现现结结结果果果的的的值值值不不不对对对，，，所所所以以以特特特别别别注注注意意意数数数组组组越越越界界界的的的问问问题题题。。。数数数组组组的的的输输输入入入和和和输输输出出出多多多维维维数数数组组组元元元素素素在在在计计计算算算机机机内内内存存存中中中按按按列列列排排排列列列，，，DDDIIIMMMEEENNNSSSIIIOOONNNAAA(((333,,,333)))111213212223313233AAAAAAAAA顺顺顺序序序为为为：：：AAA(((111,,,111)))AAA(((222,,,111)))AAA(((333,,,111)))AAA(((111,,,222)))AAA(((222,,,222)))AAA(((333,,,222)))AAA(((111,,,333)))AAA(((222,,,333)))AAA(((333,,,333)))输输输入入入输输输出出出方方方式式式111AAA(((III,,,JJJ)))===eee表表表达达达式式式222输输输入入入RRREEEAAADDD(((NNN,,,***)))AAA从从从文文文件件件或或或键键键盘盘盘读读读，，，特特特别别别注注注意意意顺顺顺序序序，，，按按按列列列。。。输输输出出出(((NNN,,,***)))AAA写写写到到到文文文件件件或或或显显显示示示器器器。。。333输输输入入入DDDOOO111000000III===111,,,333DDDOOO111000000JJJ===111,,,333111000000RRREEEAAADDD(((NNN,,,***)))AAA(((III,,,JJJ)))该该该循循循环环环式式式按按按行行行顺顺顺序序序读读读入入入。。。输输输出出出DDDOOO111000000III===111,,,333DDDOOO111000000JJJ===111,,,333111000000(((NNN,,,***)))AAA(((III,,,JJJ)))该该该循循循环环环式式式按按按行行行顺顺顺序序序输输输出出出。。。444隐隐隐含含含循循循环环环111=================================================================================(((NNN,,,***)))(((AAA(((III))),,,III===111,,,333)))顺顺顺序序序等等等效效效于于于DDDOOO111000000III===111,,,333111000000(((NNN,,,***)))AAA(((III)))222=================================================================================(((NNN,,,***)))(((AAA(((III,,,JJJ))),,,JJJ===111,,,333)))DDDOOO111000000III===111,,,333111000000(((NNN,,,***)))AAA(((III,,,JJJ)))333=================================================================================(((NNN,,,***)))((((((AAA(((III,,,JJJ))),,,JJJ===111,,,333))),,,III===111,,,333)))顺顺顺序序序等等等效效效于于于DDDOOO111000000III===111,,,333DDDOOO111000000JJJ===111,,,333111000000(((NNN,,,***)))AAA(((III,,,JJJ)))444=================================================================================(((NNN,,,***)))(((AAA,,,BBB，，，III===111,,,333)))顺顺顺序序序等等等效效效于于于DDDOOO111000000III===111,,,333111000000(((NNN,,,***)))AAA，，，BBB或或或等等等效效效于于于(((NNN,,,***)))AAA，，，BBB，，，AAA，，，BBB，，，AAA，，，BBB555=================================================================================(((NNN,,,***)))((((((AAA(((III,,,JJJ))),,,CCC，，，JJJ===111,,,333))),,,BBB(((III))),,,III===111,,,333)))顺顺顺序序序等等等效效效于于于DDDIIIMMMEEENNNSSSIIIOOONNNAAA（（（333，，，333））），，，BBB（（（333）））DDDOOO222000III===111,,,333DDDOOO222000JJJ===111,,,333AAA(((III,,,JJJ)))===JJJ222000BBB(((III)))===JJJ***III（（（***，，，***）））‘‘‘================================================’’’DDDOOO222000000III===111,,,333DDDOOO111000000JJJ===111,,,333111000000(((NNN,,,***)))AAA(((III,,,JJJ)))，，，CCC222000000(((NNN,,,***)))BBB(((III)))SSSTTTOOOPPPEEENNNDDD111...000000000000000000222...000000000000000000333...000000000000000000333...000000000000000000111...000000000000000000222...000000000000000000333...000000000000000000666...000000000000000000111...000000000000000000222...000000000000000000333...000000000000000000999...000000000000000000AAA（（（111，，，111）））AAA（（（111，，，222）））AAA（（（111，，，333）））BBB（（（111）））AAA（（（222，，，111）））AAA（（（222，，，222）））AAA（（（222，，，333）））BBB（（（222）））AAA（（（333，，，111）））AAA（（（333，，，222）））A