芳纶纤维的研究现状与进展

3211201311MATEＲIALSCHINAVol.32No.11Nov.20132012－10－0119851961DOI10.7502/j.issn.1674－3962.2013.11.07孔海娟，张蕊，周建军，马禹，滕翠青，余木火201620余木火。、、、。PPTA。、、、。。、、。TQ342.7A1674－3962201311－0676－09TheＲesearchStatusandProgressofAramidFibersKONGHaijuanZHANGＲuiZHOUJianjunMAYuTENGCuiqingYUMuhuoStateKeyLaboratoryForModificationofChemicalFibersandPolymerMaterialsCollegeofMaterialsScienceandEngineeringDonghuaUniversityShanghai201620ChinaAbstractThispaperreviewedtheprogressofthearamidfibersandthemarketdemandandthenecessityofaramidfiberinChina．Therelatedpreparationtechnologyandstudymethodsareintroducedprogressofaramidpolymerpolymerizationmethodstheprocessabilityofpolymerandthecomprehensiveperformanceoffiberwereimprovedthroughtheintroductionofnewpolymerizationmonomertocopolymerizationaramidfiberfilamentshort-fiberandplasmapulpfiberspinningtechnologywerementionedtheanionzationofPPTAresinalkylationtechnologyanditsapplication．Thesurfacetreatmentandmodificationoftheresearchincludingsurfacecoatinghigh-energyraysplasmaprocessingofphysicalmethodandthroughthesurfaceactivenesssurfacechemicalgraftmethodofaramidfiberwerereferredThefocusonnewtechnologysynchrotronradiationobservedaramidfiberstructure．WithconsiderationofpracticalsituationinChinaauthorsgivesomeproposalsforthedomesticAramidfiberindustryincludingstrengtheningfundamentalresearchforaleapfrogdevelopmentdeepeningcross-subjectcooperationandintegrationofkeyequipmentenhancingtheapplicationofAramidfiberdomesti-callytighteningcontroloverproductionpoweretc．Keywordsaramidfiberpolymerizationspinningsurfacemodificationstructurecharacterization185%NCH。。C1。NOS1－4。1Fig.1Molecularformularofaramia11、、、、5～62～321/5。、、。28.2t/a5.5t/a2.3t/a。、、DuPontKevlarTeijinTechnoraAkzoNobelTeijinTwaronTerlonNomex、Conex、Fenelon。201513t202020t。80%。20085000t/a201211200t/a。20115Technora15%。4000t20122014。2005800t/a20103000t/a。2008500t/a20102000t/a。2080、、3。500～1000t/a。、、、、、、。20111000t/a20123000t/a20151t20151.5t/a1－4。“”1000t/a。10、、、。。20151t20202t20152000t1000t2000t2000t3000t。201550%202080%。①、、②③。、、。3PPTAKevlarTwaron。。、、Poly-p-PhenyleneTerephthamidePPTA。。。KevlarTechnoral5。N2LiClN-NMP。776326h。、LiCl、HCl100℃5h。75℃。6NMP-CaCl2PPDPPTA10LPPTA。HMPA、。NMP-LiClHMPAPPDTPC。7PPTA。8LiCl、CaCl27.6。9TPCPPTA。10N-/NEP/CaCl2PPTAPPTA。11NN-PPTAPPTA。12PPTA。4PPTA。、。10。FlexibleLinkagePendantGroupTwistedNoncoplanarStructuresCopolymerization．N-Substitution。。、、。Technora1334’-PPTA。14N-NMP/CaC12PPTA。55.1PPTA15－16①。4.5～8.5dl/gPPTA99%14～24%②。85℃③。④。8mm5－10⑤。5～20℃5%～20%⑥/。160～210℃⑦。Kevlar。24200m/min。5.2PPTAPPTA17。①②87611③④。5.3PPTA-pulp18。5.3.1纺丝法制备PPTA浆粕PPTA-H2SO4PPTA20mmPPTAKevlar49Twaron2pulp18。Kevlar。20mm。5.3.2直接法制备PPTA浆粕Yoon19－20。。。、、。5.3.3芳纶废料生产PPTA浆粕21。0.1～5.0mm0.1%～8.0%0.5～2.0h20～300s。6PPTAPPTA。PPTATakayanagi22NPPTA。2。PPTAＲ.Ｒ.Burch23PPTADMSODMSOPPTA10%PPTA。PPTATakayanagi2PPTAFig.2PPTAalkylationmechanism24PPTA。PPTAYang25PPTADMSOKOHPPTA。PPTAPPTA。7PPTA。μ-XＲD、μ-SAXS、INS、。。PPTAPPTALiuPPTA26。JohnsonInelasticNeutronScatteringPPTALiu273。cb0.522nma0.788nmba。cYoung224GPa28。29XＲDK149PPTAc29。b、。a。XPPTA。X400nm。976323abPPTAFig.3InelasticneutronscatteringmethodtestcombinedwithdensityfunctionalcalculationsofthePPTAfiberinternalcrystallitestructure、。DaviesK29K149。200a50%304。Norton1/431。X。XK29。K1493μm。PauwTwaronTwaron1000Davies32。K14933。X－。Daviescab。a34。。PPTAPBO35。。4K29aK149b200、K29c、K149dXFig.4Compositeimagesshowing200reflectionwidthandpositionforK29aandK149boneachfibercrosssection．Compos-iteimagesarealsoshownrepresentingSAXSintensityforK29candK149dwithselectedcoreintermediateandskinSAXSpatternsinset086118、、、－1%～40%。36－37。38。。39。、X、γ、、、、、。8.1。40－41。42SVF-200Estapol-7008kevlar、、43－46。45X、γ、、。Zhang47γ。、γ、40。。、、48－49。、、、。。。8.2、。、、CCl4、、50。。、。。、、3950。Na。、、、、。、。CO2CO2CO2。CO2、、18632100、、、。CO2PP。CO251－53。。52。、、。54－56CO2。CO2CO2II。Cu。Cu。TaehyoungKim57CO2。91。。PPTAPPTANMP。、、。。、、、、、。。IIPPTANMPPPTA。PPTA。。、、。、、。2、、、、、、、。。3。Ｒeferences1YouXIiulanLiuZhaofeng．J．ChinaTextileLeader2007991－94．2QianBoZhang．J．NewChemicalMaterials2007826－27．3QianBoZhang．J．AdvancedMaterialsIndustry2009140－44．4QianSong．J．FineChemicalＲawMaterialsandIntermediates2008537－38．5HigashiFGotoMKakinokiH．SynthesisofPolyamidesbyaNewDirectPolycondensationＲeactionUsingTriphenyl-PhosphiteandLithiumChlorideJ．JournalofPolymerSciencePolymerChemistryEdition19801861711－1717．6ZhouQixiangJiangKaiWangHuifen28611etal．－1414J．ChinaSyntheticFiberIndustry1982223－28．7ZhouQixiangJiangKaiWangHuifenetal．—1414J．ChinaSyntheticFiberIndustry1982431－34．8LiuDeshanZhouQixiangZhaoAnchi．TheSynthesisofHighMolecularPPTACN85100048P．1985－09－10．9ZhouAiminZhuMinyingTangKai．ThePreparationandProductsofHighMolecularPPTACN101456950BP．2009－06－17．10LiuzZhaofengCheMingguoCaoYutong．ThemethodofPPTASynthesisCN200610023364P．2006－01－17．11ShenJiefaZhangYueYanShenghuetal．AmethodpreparePPTAatlowTemperatureCN101781399AP．2010－07－21．12ZhangTLuoGHWeiFetal．ANovelScalableSynthesisProcessofPPTAbyCouplingn-PentaneEvaporationforPolymeri-zationHeatＲemovalJ．ChineseChemicalLetters2011．13YotsumoroT．ImaiisamuJ．PneumaticTereHavingBeadSec-tionＲeinforcingLayer198762131804．14DaiXinfeiCaoYuto