初中PPT6――完形填空解题技巧

完形填空解题技巧一、安徽中考完形填空的特点是什么？Ⅶ完形填空客观题在特定的语境中，综合运用所学语言知识30考查学生对各方面语言知识灵活运用的能力，在一篇难易适中的短文中留出10处空白。考点的设置和选项的设计考虑到其科学性和合理性，选项均为同一类别，具有唯一性。•完形填空体裁一般是一篇记叙文，一篇说明文，但近两年为两篇记叙文。记叙文题材多为小故事大道理，富有哲理，寓意深刻。说明文有科普、文化、风俗等短文，体现了语言是文化的载体。•在设题形式上多考查动词、名词，形容词在语境中的辨析与运用。•不再单纯考察语言形式，考生只有读懂语境，熟悉所给四个选项意义区别，才能做出正确判断。二、题型分析安徽近5年考查文体年份A篇B篇2016记叙文记叙文2015记叙文记叙文2014记叙文说明文2013记叙文说明文2012说明文记叙文三、完形填空的特点有哪些？重逻辑，轻语法中考完形填空抛弃了传统的“语法知识型”命题模式，转变成“情境能力型”的命题趋势。把具体的语言知识融进具体的语言情境中去，考查学生通过上下文对整体文意进行把握的能力。考查的着重点在：词语辨析、词语搭配、语篇理解和逻辑推理等。完形填空的设空规律有哪些？(1)首句不设空：因为首句是文章的窗口，不设空有助于考生了解或推测全文的大意，(2)选项特点：同一小题的四个选项必须是同一词类，且为同一语法形式。(3)设空方式：命题者主要从以下三种层面上设题。①句子层面：在理解本句的基础上重要信息点可能在空格前，也可能在空格后。②句组层面：考生需在理解空格所在句及其前一句或后一句之后才可选出正确答案。③语篇层面：必须理解前后几句或上下段落，甚至整个篇章，才可选出正确答案。从上下文考虑；从词汇意义及用法的角度考虑；从逻辑推理、常识等角度考虑；从惯用法和固定搭配的角度考虑；从语法知识的角度考虑。做完形填空题常从以下几方面考虑：1.注重首句，浏览全文,掌握大意。a.应用阅读技能,进行缺词阅读。b.注意首段和末端以及每个段落的首句。2.注重语境，瞻前顾后,试填答案。a.先填上固定搭配与习惯表达,基本句型等较容易的空格。b.对语境和语义还不太明朗的空格要反复推敲,力争突破难点。3.通读全文,检查核对.确保最佳。四、解题步骤与策略1.MrBlackisadoctor,heworksinthe_______.2.Anursenotonlyworksintheday,butalsoworksduringthe_______.3.Heisratherbusy,sohehas_________timetohavelunchathome.Warming-up:请根据前后文填词，使句子逻辑一致：hospitalnightno/little4.WehaveanEnglishtestthisterm,it'sveryeasy,moststudentscan_______thistest.5.Thewholeclasswenttothezooyesterday,theywereverytired________happy.passbutWarming-up:请根据前后文填词，使句子逻辑一致：Skill1：context（上下文、语境）InNewYork,onaFridaynight,ayoungartiststoodatthegateofatrainstation.Hewasplayinghis1.Hismusicwassogreatthatmanypeopleputmoneyintohishat.Thenextday,theyoungartistcametothesameplace,andplayedtheviolinasusual.1.A.pianoB.guitarC.violinD.sax√Skill1：context（上下文、语境）Onceakingwaswalkingaroundapoolwithhisministers（大臣）.Suddenly,hecameupwithanidea.Heasked,“Howmanybasketsof2arethereinthepool?”….asbigasthepool,thereisonebasketofwater…2.A.fishB.flowersC.waterD.apples√Skill2：logic（逻辑推理）Whenwetalked,Idiscovered（发现）somedifferencesinschoollifebetweentheUSandChina.Forexample,eachclasslastsfiftyminutesintheUS.Itisalittle3thanthatinChina.Weusuallyhaveforty-fiveminutesineachclass.3.A.shorterB.longerC.earlierD.later√4.A.earsB.eyesC.bodyD.head√Mymotheroftenaskedme，“Whatisthemostimportantpartofthebody?”Ithoughtsoundwasveryimportanttousashumans，soIsaid．“My4，Mommy．”Shesaid，“No．Manypeoplearedeaf（聋的）…”Skill3：regularcollocation（固定搭配）5.A.forB.ofC.withD.to√Whentwopeopleareinaconversation,thespeakerwillonlylookatthelistenerfromtimetotime,inordertomakesurethatthelistenerpaysattention5whatheorsheisspeaking…payattentionto…注意…6.A.additionsB.sacrificesC.changesD.contributions√NobelarrangedinhiswilltogivethelargestpartofhismoneytoestablishtheNobelprizes,whichwouldbeawardedtopeoplewhomadegreat6tothecausesofpeace,literature,andthesciences.Skill3：regularcollocation（固定搭配）makecontributionsto对…做出贡献Skill4：wordsanalysis（词义辨析）7.A.wantB.helpC.getD.ask√7.Butbyusingliterarytexts(文学文本)alongsideothertexts,teacherscan7studentsimprovetheirreadingskills.Skill5：backgroundknowledge（背景知识:包括生活及文化方面等）8.A.speakingB.movingC.sleepingD.breathing√Butwerunsofastthat,afterwards,wehadtrouble8.同义重现√Liumeiisamongthe9ones.TheChineseUniversityofHongKonggranted(答应给）Liuafullscholarship---HK$500,000.Notallstudentsaresofortunate.9.A.poorB.smartC.luckyD.silentFriendshipisoneofthepermanentthemesintheliteratureofalllanguage.…Someofuslike10friendswhileotherslikedifferentfriends.PersonallyIpreferboth.Havingsimilarfriendshasmanyadvantages.…10.A.trueB.rightC.sameD.similar原词重现反义同现逻辑关系：转折√Haveatry!真题演练Haveyouevergivenahelpinghandtothosewhoareintrouble?Oneday,two1werewalkingalongtheroadtoschoolwhentheysawanoldwomancarryingalargebasketofpears.Thewomanlookedvery2.Theywentuptoherandsaid,“Areyougoingtotown?Ifyouare,wewillhelpyoucarryyourbasket.”“Thankyou,”3thewoman.“Youareverykind.YouseeI'mweakandill.”Thenshetoldthemthatshewasgoingtomarketto4thepearswhichgrewontheonlytreeinherlittlegarden.“Weareallgoingtothe5,”saidtheboys.“Letuscarrythebasket.”Andtheytookholdofit,oneeachside.Theywalked6withtheheavybasket,buthappily.Theotherday,Isawalittlegirlstopand7apieceofbananapeel(皮),thenshethrewitintothedustbin(垃圾桶).“Iwish8wouldthrowthatonthesidewalk,”saidshe.“Someonemaysteponitandfall.”真题演练Perhapssomemaysaythatthesearenot9things.Thatisright.Butsuchalittlethingshowsthatyouhaveathoughtfulmindandakindheart.Wemustnotwaitforthe10todogreatthings.Wemustbeginwithlittlethingsoflove.1．A.boysB.girlsC.menD.women2．A.boredB.tiredC.pleasedD.surprised3．A.askedB.toldC.repliedD.spoke4．A.bringB.buyC.takeD.sell5．A.townB.hotelC.gardenD.company6．A.weaklyB.quicklyC.slowlyD.quietly7．A.takeoutB.cutoffC.putdownD.pickup8．A.nobodyB.everybodyC.somebodyD.anybody9．A.littleB.smallC.greatD.bad10．A.payB.chanceC.adviceD.love真题演练解析：1．A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。boys男孩；girls女孩；men男人；women女人。根据下文第四段中“...saidtheboys.”可知，这里说的是两个男孩。故选A。2．B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。bored厌烦的；tired累的，疲惫的；pleased高兴的；surprised惊奇的。根据语境可知，这两个男孩想要帮助这个老太太拿篮子，因为这个老太太拿着这么大一篮子梨很累。故选B。3．C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。asked问，要求；told告诉；replied回答；spoke说。根据句意可知，这里是老太太回应两个男孩的帮助。故选C。4．D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。bring带来；buy买；take带走；sell卖。根据上下文可知，老太太拿着一大篮子梨是要去市场上卖。故选D。5．A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。town镇，城镇；hotel宾馆；garden花园；company公司。根据文意可知