乌鲁木齐市菜地土壤和蔬菜铅含量及风险评价

2008,31(1):4650JournalofXinjiangAgriculturalUniversity:100728614(2008)01200462051,1,2,1,1(1.,830052;2.,266042):,8.5748.57,25.40mg/kg,,;,;1.0160.007mg/kg,0.346mg/kg,,,1.60410-7/a,:;;;;:X124:ALeadContentinVegetableandSoilofVegetablePlotinUrumqiCityandItsRiskEvaluationWANGLing1,ZHUJian2wen1,QIANYi2,WANGYa2yu1,ZHENGChun2xia1(1.CollegeofPrataculturalandEnvironmentSciences,XinjiangAgriculturalUniversity,Uru2mqi,830052;2.CollegeofEnvironmentandSafetyEngineering,QingdaoUniversityofScience&Technology,Qingdao,266042)Abstract:OnthebasisofdeterminationofleadcontentinsamplesfromUrumqivegetablebaseandthescatteredvegetableplotsinthesuburbs,thefullleadcontentrangeandaverageofsoilatUrumqivegetableplotsare8.57-48.57and25.40mg/kgrespectively,whicharehighermarkedlythanthebackgroundvalueofirrigatedagriculturalsoilinUrumqiCitywithanevidentaccumulationtrend;Thefullleadcontentinsoilatgreenhousevegetableplotsislowerthanthatatbarelanddistinctively,andthefullleadcontentatvegetableplotsinsuburbishigherthanthatatvegetablebaseremarkably.LeadcontentinUrumqivegeta2blesranges1.0160.007mg/kgandtheaverageis0.346mg/kg.Basedonclusteranalysisandcompari2son,itisshownthatthelead2pollutionresistanceofgarlic,lettuce,youngsoyabeanandswampcabbageisrelativelylowandthatofcucumber,marrowsquash,capsicum,whiteturnip,sugarbeet,leek,eggplant,tow2elgourd,tomatoandbalsampearisrelativelyhigh.ThehealthriskevaluationmodelwasusedtoevaluatetheleadingestionofUrumqiresidentsfromvegetable.Theannualhealthriskofindividualcausedbyleadinvegetableis1.60410-7/a,whichwouldnotharmobviouslytheexposedpopulation.Keywords:soil;vegetable;lead;healthrisk;Urumqi,,,,10g/dL:2007-09-29:(XJEDU2005I08):,E2mail:[e-mail]1,:,[1],,,[2],,-,,,[3],[4,5],,,,11.1()(),50%,18510m20m4,(020cm)1kg,1kg,(),0.5kg,,185,257200671.21.2.1,,1mm,100,,,;,1.2.2pH1/5;(OM);HF-;DTPA(pH=7.3),-[6]HClO42HNO3,,1.3185252,pH(12SampleKolmogorov2SmirnovTest,P0.05),SPSS11.522.11,8.5748.57mg/kg,25.41mg/kg,(),(9.5012.60mg/kg,11.20mg/kg)[7,8],(P=0.01),4.3,1,0.232.86mg/kg,0.96mg/kgpH,pH(P0.05)pH,pH,(pH=8.07),1,(P0.05),2006(),(0.062mg/L)(0.028mg/L)2.2,(),,(P0.01),7420081Table1DistributionofPbinsoilandvegetablesinUrumqimg/kg()9215.0042.8626.363.99920.231.890.940.391140.0731.0160.3710.209528.5737.8624.867.06520.231.770.880.37700.0960.7980.4110.1681211.4348.5728.4511.37120.342.861.240.79270.0070.4940.2560.1253310.0042.8621.997.31330.341.831.090.40410.0710.6070.2250.099129.5012.6011.200.602.2628(2),,,,,,(2)(GB276222005),,,24,(/)7.98,(1),:(P0.05);,,(P0.01),2Table2LeadcontentCrinvegetablesconllectedfromfarmfieldsofUrumqi()(mg/kg)(mg/kg)330.4091.360.3880.2272.270.1260.2812.810.1550.4241.410.3280.4932.470.2220.4224.220.12.3,,[9,10],,,,,,(1),4:,841,:;,;;,,,,;,,,,,,,,,,,1Fig.1Hierarchicalclusteranalysisbasedonbioconcentra2tionfactorofPbconcentrationinvegetables2.42.4.1(IARC)(WTO),(1)[11-13]:Rnig=Dig10-6PADig72(1):Rnigi(a$1);PADigi(mg/kgd);722006;DigDig(2):Dig=0.2982Ci/70(2):0.2982(kg)[14];Ci(mg/kg);70(kg)(PADig)(3):PADig=RfDig(3):RfDigi(mg/kgd);10,,1.410-3mg/kgd[15][16],95%0.369mg/kg2.4.2(EPA),10-4/a,[8,9](ICRP)5.010-5/a,EPA,,1.60410-7/a,ICRP()2,,3,Nicholson,[17]19982003TSP0.3360.505mg/m3942008(CMB)TSP,TSP[18-20][21][22],()(,1995),,,(),,,,,,,,,,:[1]SexIxwingN,LewieRichardJ.DangerousPropertiesofIndustrialMaterials[M].NewYorlc:VanNostrandPublication,1989:209622102.[2].[J].,1986,6(6):18220.[3],,.[J].,2006,29(1):1202123.[4].[J].,2003,17(2):1172119.[5],,.[J].(),2003,20(3):2602263.[6].[M].3.:,2000.[7],.[M].:,1989:2202221.[8],.[M].:,1992:1322140.[9],,,.GIS[J].,2006,27(10):211022116.[10],,.[J].,2005,36(5):7652772.[11],,,.[J].,1997,15(4):28233.[12],,,.[J].,2004,25(2):47250.[13]TheUSEPA.Availableinformationonassessmentexposurefrompesticidesinfood[R].U.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgencyOfficeofPesticidePrograms,2000.[14].[M].:,2006.[15],.[J].,1997,12(2):38240.[16]MichaelC,MichaelA.FundamentalsofEcotoxicology[M].Press:LewisPublishers,2003.[17]NicholsonFA,SmithSR,AllowayBJ,etal.AninventoryofheavymetalsinputstoagriculturalsoilsinEnglandandWales[J].TheScienceoftheTotalEnvironment,2003,311(123):2052219.[18],,,.TSP[J].,2006,29(2):71275.[19]LindstrÊmML.Urbanlanduseinfluencesonheavymetalfluxesandsurfacesedimentconcentrationsofsmalllakes[J].Water,Air,andSoilPollution,2001,126:3632383.[20],,,.[J].,2002,23(1):1232124.[21]MuchuwetiM,BirkettJW,ChinyangaE,etal.HeavymetalcontentofvegetablesirrigatedwithmixturesofwastewaterandsewagesludgeinZimbabwe:Implicationsforhumanhealth[J].Agriculture,EcosystemsandEnvironment,2006,112:41248.[22]ChenTB,WongJWC,ZhouHY,etal.AssessmentoftracemetaldistributionandcontaminationinsurfacesoilofHongKong[J].EnvironmentalPollution,1997,96:61268.05