新人教版选修七_Unit_2_Robots-Grammar不定式[课件]

1.Heaskedmetohelphimrepairhisradio,butIdon’tknow___.A.todoitB.howtodoitC.whattodoitD.howtodo2.Hisvoicemademe_____terrible.A.tofeelB.feelC.feelsD.felt3.Myparentstoldme____peoplewhentheyareintrouble.A.neverlaughatB.nottolaughatC.don’tlaughatD.notlaughat4.It’sbadmanners____rudetopeople.A.tobeB.areC.beD.tobeing5.It’sinteresting_____ustotakepartinthegames.A.ofB.toC.forD.at6.Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier,___itmoredifficult.AnotmakeBnottomakeCnotmakingDdonotmake7.I’veworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhat___inmynewjob.A.expectedB.toexpectCtobeexpectingDexpects8.Pauldoesn’thavetobemade____.Healwaysworkshard.A.learnB.tolearnC.learnedD.learning9.Iwouldlove___tothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.A.togoB.tohavegoneC.goingD.havinggone10.Doletyourmotherknowallthetruth.Sheappears________everything.(2001年上海）A.totellB.tobetoldC.tobetellingD.tohavebeentold11.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains______whethertheywillenjoyit.(NMET2002)A.toseeB.tobeseenC.seeingD.seenRevisionofTheInfinitive不定式语法不定式的时态和语态不定式有时态和语态的变化，时态共四种，即一般式、完成式、进行式和完成进行式。语态分为主动语态和被动语态，如下表所示。语态时态主动语态被动语态一般式todotobedone完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone进行式tobedoing/完成进行式tohavebeendoing/Discoveringusefulstructures不定式可以在句中作主语、作宾语、作表语、作定语、作状语、作补语。1.It’sanhonourtobeinvitedtotheceremony.2.Shedidn’tliketobetreatedasachild.3.Hisdreamwastobeadmittedtoagooduniversity.4.Therearealotofthingstobediscussed.5.Shewassenttheretobetrainedforthespaceflight.作主语作宾语作表语作定语作状语不定式的被动式在句中作什么成分1．作主语：Itisanhonourformetobeaskedtospeakhere.2．作宾语：SheaskedtobesenttoworkinXinjiang.一当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式一般要采用被动形式。3．作定语：Areyougoingtoattendthemeetingtobeheldintheteachers’office?二、不定式有时还可以有完成式的被动式，在句中作主语、宾语、定语，或者构成复合宾语、复合谓语等，如：Thebookissaidtohavebeentranslatedintomanylanguages.（复合谓语）Shepreferredtohavebeengivenheavierworktodo.(宾语)三、不定式的主动形式表示被动1.在“n.／pron.+be+adj.+todo”结构中。其中形容词常见的有easy,difficult,important,impossible等,一般用主动形式表示被动意义。Theworkisimpossibletofinishintwodays.(Theworkisfinished.)工作不可能两天之内完成。Englishisnotsoeasytolearn.(Englishislearnt.)英语并不好学。2.在“too—todo;enough…to…”结构中。如：Theproblemistoodifficulttoworkout(workouttheproblem)．Thehouseisbigenoughtolivein（liveinthehouse）.4．在“with+n+todo”结构中。例如：Withnothingtodo，helayinbed．Withsomanyexercisestodo，Ican‘tgotothecinema．5．当不定式的逻辑主语在句中出现时。例如：Ihavealettertotypetoday．(I是totype的逻辑主语)Doyouhaveanythingtosay?(you是tosay的逻辑主语)Doyouhaveanythingtowashtoday?(towash的主语为句子的主语you，其逻辑宾语为anything。)你今天要洗什么吗？Doyouhaveanythingtobewashed?(tobewashed不是you做，而是由“我”或其他人来做)你有什么要其他人洗的吗？6.在一些固定用法，如“挨骂，受责备，受批评”用betoblame；“（东西等）出租”用tolet(出租)。如：Heistoblameforwhathehasdone.他应为他所做的受责备。Thehouseistolet.房子要出租。7.在Therebe/seem…+主语+todo表示存在的句型中的不定式，一般用主动形式表示被动意义（也就是说，我们可能会见到被动形式，但主动形式要好得多）。There’snotenoughfoodtoeat.没有足够的食物吃。There’snochairtositon.没有椅子坐。但在下列句子中，只能用主动形式。如：There’snotenoughfoodforustoeat.我们没有足够的食物吃。1.(2007辽宁卷)ThecrowdcheeredwildlyatthesightofLiuXiang,whowasreported____theworldrecordinthe110-meterhurdlerace.A.breakingB.havingbrokenC.tohavebrokenD.tobreak解析：C本题考查非谓语动词的时态。由sb.bereportedtodosth.句型，先排除A，B。因为break这个动词发生在report之前，所以应用不定式的完成式作主语补足语。该句相当于ItwasreportedthatLiuXianghadbrokentheworldrecordinthe110-metrehurdlerace.2.(2008全国卷I)Ilikegettingupveryearlyinsummer.Themorningairissogood_____.A.tobebreathedB.tobreatheC.breathingD.beingbreathed解析：B本题考查非谓动词。在形容词good,easy,difficult,important,impossible等之后一般用主动形式表示被动意义。该句可转化为Itissogoodtobreathethemorningair.3.(2008湖南卷)______theprojectasplanned,we’llhavetoworktwomorehoursaday.A.CompletingB.CompleteC.CompletedD.Tocomplete解析：D本题考查不定式作目的状语。句意为：为了按计划完成工程，我们必须每天多干两个小时的活。tocompletetheprojectasplanned作目的状语。Ihurriedtothemeetinghall,only____thatthemeetinghadbeenputoff.A.totellB.tobetoldC.tellingD.toldBLittleTomshouldlove____tothetheaterthisevening.A.tobetakenB.totakeC.beingtakenD.takingAWithalotofproblems____,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.(2002年上海春季高考)A.settledB.settlingC.tosettleD.beingsettledCVisitors____nottotouchtheexhibits.A.willrequestB.requestC.arerequestingD.arerequestedD